HDFS 240 Final

What are important points to consider when evaluating informational literature?

- don't rely on just one book - written in clear, direct, easily understandable style -facts must be accurate and current - captions and labels use effectively -avoid personification -check references

Who brings forward the majority of book challenges?

-60% by parents -15% by patrons -9% administrators

Where do the majority of challenges occur?

-71% banned in schools and school libraries -24% banned in public libraries

Goals/stages of understanding diversity

-Awareness of Differences (you know they exist but don't purposefully focus on how that impacts you or your interactions with others.) -Tolerance (you just "put up" with others who are different) -Understanding (you are more than tolerate. understand the importance of moving beyond just tolerance to truly including all regardless of their beliefs/race/etc.) -Appreciation (you recognize the beauty in differences and diversity is recognized as an asset)

Basic information about the intermediate ages (8-10)

-Erikson's stage of industry vs inferiority -Piaget's stage of concrete operational -slower and steadier rate of growth -thinking becomes more logical -compare themselves to their peers -evaluate the reactions of others -deeper awareness of "problems" around them - appreciate humor differently

Issues to consider when evaluating your multicultural collection.

-Is there a variety of groups represented? -Is there variety in "contexts"? (family types, SES, social issues) -Do you make a conscious effort to show appreciation for all cultures/people at all times not just "for the month"? -Can all the children in your classroom "see" themselves somewhere in your collection?

Story Extension are good for:

-Tapping into multiple developmental areas of learning -Accommodating multiple styles of learning -FUN

Things to watch for related to choosing multicultural books

-assimilation vs. cultural pluralism -recognizing stereotypes -accuracy and authenticity -author's worldview -what makes us all human?

What is the difference between a book challenge and a book banning?

-book challenge:is an attempt to remove or restrict materials, based upon the objections of a person or group; Challenges do not simply involve a person expressing a point of view; rather, they are an attempt to remove material from the curriculum or library, thereby restricting the access of others -book banning: the book is removed from the location where the complaint originated; A banning is the removal of those materials.

10 ways to analyze books for diversity

-check the illustrations -check the story line -look at the lifestyles -weight the relationship between people/characters -note the heroes -consider the effects on child's self-image -consider author/illustrator's background -check out the author's perspective -watch for loaded words -look at the copyright date

What motivates children? (according to children)

-choice -variety -time -talking about the books -"Why do they give us stuff if it's supposed to be fun? I like getting the stuff, but it doesn't matter. I'll still read."

4 Categories of Variety of Multicultural Literature

-consciously "diverse" books -"people are people" books -books on distinct experiences within specific groups -books on coping with racism and discrimination

What messages we give children about differences...

-consider how we describe people -negative impact of "foods and Festivals" approach -how do we respond to their questions? -consider media influences

Understand issues related to appropriate use of bibliotherapy.

-developmental appropriateness of topic -choice of books (quality, presentation of issue, captures child's attention) -presenting (inform parents, be honest, be sensitive, timing, don't deal with issues that others should)

General guidelines for talking about sensitive topics

-don't need to have all answers, but be honest -don't make promises you can't keep -acknowledge children's feelings -talk about these topics is not a one time event, process -realize the things you do have an impact

Tips to engage older readers

-fill spaces with books -provide choice, their preference & contemporary authors, don't just rely on your childhood favorites -provide opportunities for students to "make connections"

Lucy Goes to the Country

-gay couples, kittens get caught in tree -does NOT do a good job of teaching children about diversity -so many stereotypes

Things to do to move away from extrinsic rewards

-give choices -encourage individuality -create meaningful experiences -minimize pressure -avoid comparisons -celebrate successes

What are the beneftis of using bibliotherapy?

-information -mutuality -empathy -options for action -inspiration and hope

Obstacles to reading

-kids are use to rewards -kids are not only use to rewards, they EXPECT rewards -tv and other media compete for children's attention -lack of modeling

publishing trends for multicultural literature in 2011

-meaningful literature -timely, timeless books for all

Be familiar with the current trends in informational literature.

-more conversational writing style -introduction of picture books and literacy for younger children -more money being invested science education -more illustrations, less texts at all levels -increase in informational series books

what are possible reasons for lowers scores on achievement scores based on informational reading

-often low exposure in early elementary grades - parents are more likely to select only fiction for read-aloud material

Literacy preference of 8-10 year olds

-realistic stories about peer/parent interactions -info books about personal topics -historical fiction (past events) -biographies of people they admire -understand flashbacks, more complex plots -characters of same age/slightly older -chapter books, mysteries -favorite authors *Gender Differences -girls: personal/social problems, realistic, animal stories, low fantasy -boys: nonfiction, books with action, adventure, sports stories *Like "strange but true" content *Still enjoy being read to

Main points to emphasize during discussion when using bibliotherapy

-recall of the main story line targeting character, feelings, values, & attitudes. - discussion of how the main character dealt with the problem -exploration of the similarities between the child's problems and facing the characters in the book -discussion & evaluation of solutions selected -alternative solutions to problems

Be familiar with the "benefits of using comics" and ways that comics are used in classrooms

-reluctant readers-> increase reading time -high achieving students-> increase knowledge/creativity -can by used in many curriculum areas (arts, writing, social studies) - can help kids with learning how to anticipate plots, sequencing, increase vocabulary -increase visual discrimination skills

What are common reasons books are censored?

-sexually explicit -offensive language -unsuited to age group

Literacy preference of 6-7 year olds

-simple folktales, trickster tales -realistic about family/peer relationships -real & fantasy adventures -more complex plot, surprise endings -can identify & empathize with characters -slapstick humor -easy to read -series books may become popular

How do First Amendment rights impact children's ability to check out books confidentially from a library?

-some library accounts are strictly confidential (can only speak to the child about what's checked out); this could also mean an 8 yr. old could check out an R-rated movie -Ames Library has a "Family Card" so parents can set restrictions, find out when books are due, etc.

Derek Anderson

-speaker -hides ISU stuff in books -"Little Quack"

Ways to encourage cultural consciousness.

-talk (don't ignore) -examine your own attitudes and beliefs -expose children to multiple cultures and lifestyles -avoid stereotyping -provide all children with multicultural dolls, toys, books, etc. -expose children to wide range of emotions -SPEAK OUT!

Define Cultural Consciousness

-the awareness and sensitivity to cultual diversity and its contribution to our lives and the larger society

5 specific steps given for using bibliotherapy with children

1. PRE-READ the book 2. Introduce why you are reading to the child 3. Maximize successful listening & talking 4. Open & guide discussion by open ended questions - avoid asking questions that can only be answered by yes or no & instead use open ended questions to better understand thought & concern of a child

Student engagement is fueled by 4 goals

1. success 2. curiosity 3. originality 4. satisfying relationships

Be familiar with the basic criticisms of history textbooks vs. history tradebooks

1. textbooks cover too much 2. people are missing 3. textbooks tend to lack variety of historical perspectives and can be very ethnocentric

What percentage of challenges are not reported?

70-80% of challenges are not reported

Be familiar with the information presented on informational books - what are the basic elements?

Basic elements: structure- how author organizes the info (description,sequence, comparison, cause/effect, problem-solution) theme- can be cognitive or emotional. style- how authors/illustrators express themselves while keeping reader in mind

What is the difference between clinical and developmental bibliotherapy?

CLINICAL: implemented by trained helping professionals dealing with significant emotional or behavior problems (counselors/therapists; used for adults as well) DEVELOPMENTAL:may be used by teachers, librarians or lay helpers to facilitate normal developmental and self-actualization with an essetinally healthy population (Children's Lit focus)

What is the biblioburro project?

Colombian donkey library that delivers books -a project started by Luis Soriano; On Saturdays, Soriano loads crates of books onto his donkeys and travels for hours over rough terrain to remote villages, where he reads stories to children and lends books to villagers.

Research presented in class shows about how rewards impact children's reading patterns...

Do not produce permanent change, reduce intrinsic interest, decrease creativity, decrease problem solving skills, create power/control battles, influence character development

What are the important points to consider when evaluating historical fiction?

Does it tell an engaging story? Are the details/overall setting presented accurately? Is the dialogue accurate for the time period? Point of view. What facts are emphasized or ignored? Who is a reliable source? Objectivity. Which aspects of history should be portrayed?

Examples of Intrinsic Motivation

Extra free reading, reading honor roll, reading journals, sharing with others, modeling, one-on-one time

Know the difference between historical fiction and informational books.

Historical fiction: vicarious experience, understanding of universal, truths/experiences, awareness of diversity, learn about history, inspiration. Informational books: photo essay, informational picture book, fact books (IDK) :) *HISTORICAL FICTION: at best good fiction and good history *INFORMATIONAL BOOKS: primary purpose is to inform/provide factual information

What are some of the challenges of writing historical fiction?

Researching, Keeping the story first, Distinguishing fact from fiction, Retaining authenticity, Stay true to record/times, Handling language

Fireboat

The John J. Harvey fireboat was the largest, fastest, shiniest fireboat of its time, but by 1995, the city didn't need old fireboats anymore. So the Harvey retired, until a group of friends decided to save it from the scrap heap. Then, one sunny September day in 2001, something so horrible happened that the whole world shook. And a call came from the fire department, asking if the Harvey could battle the roaring flames. In this inspiring true story, Maira Kalman brings a New York City icon to life and proves that old heroes never die.

Examples of Extrinsic Motivation

Trinkets, food, pop, candy, parking pass, free movie pass, gift certificates, prizes

Story extensions - definition, age group, choosing a book, know the parts (anticipatory reading activity, during reading and after reading), understand the importance of integrating activities across various areas of development.

definition: occurs when you've shared a story or book together & then afterwards you naturally infuse related activities into your day-to-day routine age group: any age choosing a book:

Little Old Lady Who Was Not Afraid of Anything

story extensions (did activity in front of class)

What is the general definition of bibliotherapy?

using stories and kid's books to promote discussion and is a wonderful way to communicate and get to know the true feelings of the child; helps with behavior issues and developing character -use of books and discussions used in variety of settings to address a variety of psychological and general concerns of children and adults