Health Chapter 6

_____ prevention involves actions taken to identify and treat an illness early in its course. a. Secondary b. Quaternary c. Tertiary d. Primary

a. Secondary

Positive psychology is most accurately defined as the study of a. optimal human functioning. b. emotional contentment. c. attitudes and behaviors that delay mortality. d. attitudes and behaviors that prevent morbidity.

a. optimal human functioning

The _____ maintains that behavior often changes systematically through distinct stages. a. transtheoretical model b. cognitive dissonance theory c. theory of planned behavior d. health belief model

a. transtheoretical model

In neurobiological terms, resilience can be thought of as the capacity of the brain and body to: a. withstand challenges to homeostasis. b. restrict adverse alterations in gene expression. c. modulate glutamate neurotransmission. d. maintain long-term neuroplasticity.

a. withstand challenges to homeostasis.

Establishing support networks for HIV-positive people is an example of _____ prevention. a. individual primary b. group secondary c. community secondary d. society primary

c. community secondary

Which type of message has led to stronger intentions to exercise? a. infomercials b. loss-framed fear appeals c. gain-framed messages d. loss-framed messages

c. gain-framed messages

Even though he is a smoker, 30-year-old Les believes he is unlikely to develop lung cancer, indicating a(n) _____ on his part. a. thrill-seeking intention b. ageist stereotype c. invincibility fable d. behavioral intention

c. invincibility fable

Which of these is NOT a health risk behavior? a. drinking too much alcohol b. smoking c. wearing seatbelts d. driving dangerously

c. wearing seatbelts

_____ reflect(s) our motivation to comply with the views of other people regarding a health-related behavior. a. Primary prevention mindset b. The transtheoretical model c. The health belief model d. The subjective norm

d. The subjective norm

_____ refers to the paradoxical outcome in which adversity somehow leads people to greater psychological and/or physical well-being. a. Resilience b. Optimism c. Reactivity d. Thriving

d. Thriving

Baked food and confectionery are likely to serve as _____ for a person on a sugar-free diet. a. loss-framed messages b. moderate stressors c. gain-framed messages d. discriminative stimuli

d. discriminative stimuli

Which of these was NOT identified by the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance project as a health-risk behavior that puts young people at risk for premature death and illness? a. not using proven methods for early disease prevention or diagnosis b. violent behavior c. alcohol abuse d. poor sleep habits

d. poor sleep habits

Jane has been extremely stressed out at work, and, as a result, she has not been interacting much with her family. She mostly keeps to herself even when she is at home. Which term would be used to describe Jane's current mental state? a. negativity bias b. negative emotion spillover c. cognitive dissonance d. social withdrawal

d. social withdrawal

Corrine has been receiving chemotherapy to treat her breast cancer. This is an example of _____ prevention. a. primary b. secondary c. quaternary d. tertiary

d. tertiary

The _____ of health behavior is a good predictor of a person's likelihood of engaging in a particular health-related behavior. a. theory of reasoned action (TRA) model b. health belief model (HBM) c. prototype/willingness (P/W) theory d. theory of planned behavior (TPB) model

d. theory of planned behavior (TPB) model