Healthcare Chapter 17:1-2 Providing First Aid and vocab

insulin shock

Condition that occurs in individuals with diabetes when there is an excess amount of insulin and a low level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

poisoning

Condition that occurs when contact is made with any chemical substance that causes injury, illness, or death.

Identify three (3) senses that can alert you to an emergency.

Listen for for unusual sounds, notice an unfamiliar odors, and look for unusual sights.

diaphoresis

Profuse (excessive) sweating

incision

cut or wound of body tissue caused by a sharp object; a surgical cut

hemorrhage

excessive loss of blood; bleeding

what two methods can be used to oped the airway?

- tilt head chin lift - jaw thrust maneuver

what are the sequence of steps to remove an obstruction in an infant with an obstructed airway?

1. 5 back blows 2. 5 chest thrusts 3. a check of the mouth 4. finger sweep (if object is seen) 5. attempt to ventilate repeat until obstruction is cleared and victim can breathe

When does biological death occur?

4-6 minutes after clinical death; can result in permanent brain damage

fracture

A break (usually, a break in a bone or tooth).

Triage

A method of prioritizing treatment

What is triage?

A method prioritizing treatment.

Avulsion

A wound that occurs when tissue is separated from the body

Frostbite

Actual freezing of tissue fluid resulting in damage to the skin and underlying tissue

cerebrovascular accident

An interruption of blood flow to the brain caused by formation of blood clots, blockage of an artery, or rupture of a blood vessel that results in the loss of brain function. Also called a stroke.

List four (4) sources of information you can use to find out the details regarding an accident, injury, or illness.

Ask the victim about pain or discomfort, check vital signs, note any abnormal signs/ symptoms, and note temperature, color of skin, and moistness of skin.

shock

Clinical condition characterized by various symptoms and resulting in an inadequate supply of blood and oxygen to body organs, especially the brain and heart

List five (5) kinds of information that should be reported when calling emergency medical services (EMS).

Describe the situation, exact location, telephone from which you are calling, number of people involved, and condition of the victim(s).

What should you do if a person refuses to give consent for care?

Don't proceed to care for them medically. If possible have someone witness the disapproval from the victim.

What action should you take if you notice that it is not safe to approach the scene of an accident?

If the scene isn't safe to approach call for medical help.

Define First Aid

Immediate care that is given to the victim of an injury or illness to minimize the effect of the injury or illness until experts can take over.

Why shouldn't you discuss the victim's condition with observers at the scene?

It is essential to maintain confidentiality and protect the victim's rights to privacy while providing treatment.

Abraison

Injury cause by rubbing or scraping the skin.

infection

Invasion by organisms; contamination by disease-producing organisms, or pathogens.

How can you reassure the victim?

Make sure the victim is able to speak to reassure you. A confident, calm attitude will help relieve the victim's anxiety.

Identify six (6) life- threatening emergencies that must be cared for first.

No pulse, Severe bleeding, shock, poisoning, vomiting/passing of blood, and no breathing or difficulty breathing.

what should you do if the victim is conscious, coughing, and able to breathe.

Remain calm, encourage victim to remain calm, and advise them to cough hard

amputation

The cutting off or separation of a body part from the body

The type of first aid treatment you provide will vary depending on several factors. List three (3) factors that may affect any action taken.

The type of injury/illness, the environment, and equipment/supplies on hand.

Using the correct first aid methods can mean the difference between..... and......, or.......versus......

Using the correct methods can mean the difference between life and death, or recovery versus permanent disability.

What is the first thing you should determine when you get to the victim?

Whether the victim is conscious or not.

Why is it important to avoid moving a victim whenever possible?

You can harm the victim even more.

Hypothermia

a condition in which body temperature becomes dangerously low

heart attack

a reduction in the supply of blood to the heart resulting in damage to the muscle of the heart

convulsion

also called a seizure; a violent, involuntary contraction of muscles

wound

an injury to tissues

diabetic coma

an unconscious condition caused by an increased level of glucose (sugar) and ketones in the bloodstream of a person with diabetes mellitus

what is AED? how is it used?

automated external defibrillator; delivers electrical shock to heart to restore the normal electrical power and rhythm

how does biological death differ from clinical death?

biological death refers to the death of the body cells and clinical death is when the hears stops beating and victim isn't breathing

What does CPR stand for?

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

what do the CABDs of CPR represent

circulation, airway, breathing, defibrillation

heat exhaustion

condition resulting from exposure to heat and excessive loss of fluid through sweating

dressing

covering placed over a wound or injured part

Dislocation

displacement of a bone from its joint

first aid

immediate care given to a victim of an injury or illness to minimize the effects of the injury or illness

puncture

injury caused by a pointed object such as a needle or nail

strain

injury caused by excessive stretching, overuse, or misuse of a muscle

sprain

injury to a joint accompanied by stretching or tearing of the ligaments

burn

injury to body tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, and/or radiation

bandages

material used to hold dressings in place, secure splints, and support and protect body parts

heat stroke

medical emergency caused by prolonged exposure to heat, resulting in high body temperature and failure of sweat glands

heat cramps

muscle pain and spasm resulting from exposure to heat and inadequate fluid and salt intake

Fainting

partial or complete loss of consciousness caused by a temporary reduction in the supply of blood to the brain

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

procedure of providing oxygen and chest compressions to a victim whose heart has stopped beating

why must a rescuer "clear the victim" prior to pushing the shock button on an AED

so that the electric shock doesn't get to any bystanders

What are reasons for stopping CPR once its started?

the victim recovers and stars to breathe, other qualified help arrives and take over, a legally qualified person orders you to discontinue the attempt, the rescuer is physically exhausted and cannot continue with CPR, the scene suddenly becomes unsafe, you are given a legally valid do not resuscitate order

what should you determine first before starting cpr?

the victims condition and if the area is safe

While providing first aid to the victim, make every attempt to avoid further...... Provide only the treatment you are..... to provide.

while providing first aid to the victim, make every attempt to avoid further injury. Provide only the treatment you are qualified to provide.

laceration

wound or injury with jagged, irregular edges