HED 210 Midterm
April uses combined contraceptive pills, and her monthly packet contains 28 pills. How many of April's pills contain specific amounts of hormone? A. 21 pills B. 7 pills C. 12 pills D. 28 pills
A. 21 pills
Emergency contraception with an IUD involves inserting a copper-T IUD up to _____ after unprotected intercourse. A. 5 days B. 6 hours C. 3 days D. 24 hours
A. 5 days
The physiological response to stress generally involves secretion of the pituitary hormone: A. ACTH. B. interferon. C. FSH. D. glucagon.
A. ACTH.
How long does it take for the immune system to produce the antibodies that inactivate cold viruses and for tissues to heal? A. About a week B. A day or 2 C. About 2 weeks X D. Nearly a month
A. About a week
What is the large artery that carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body? A. Aorta B. Vena cava C. Atrium D. Carotid
A. Aorta
What should you do first when performing CPR? A. Check for responsiveness B. Begin chest compressions C. Place the person on his or her back D. Breathe into the person's mouth
A. Check for responsiveness
The death of a loved one is an example of which type of activator of stress? A. Harm-and-loss situation B. Threat situation C. Eustress D. Environmental
A. Harm-and-loss situation
In what position are most babies born? A. Head first B. Right side first C. Feet first D. Left side first
A. Head first
In the event of an allergic reaction, what substance does the body release? A. Histamines B. Allergens C. Myelin D. Vectors
A. Histamines
What is the main disadvantage of using a diaphragm? A. It can become dislodged during intercourse. B. It has to be removed and reinserted for each act of intercourse. C. It cannot be used more than once. D. There are major medical problems associated with it.
A. It can become dislodged during intercourse.
Which is an antidote to overload? A. Keeping a to-do list. B. Cramming C. Becoming fatalistic D. Completing easy tasks before urgent tasks
A. Keeping a to-do list.
Hodgkin's disease is an example of which type of cancer? A. Lymphoma B. Carcinoma C. Sarcoma D. Leukemia
A. Lymphoma
Performance on a task is affected by how anxious a person is about how well he or she is going to do. What level of anxiety (arousal) predicts optimal performance? A. Moderate anxiety B. Low anxiety C. High anxiety
A. Moderate anxiety
Which of the following is an example of a vector? A. Mosquito B. HIV C. Mycobacterium D. Skin
A. Mosquito
How is West Nile virus transmitted to humans? A. Mosquito bite B. Exposure to the blood of an infected individual C. Casual contact with an infected individual D. Tick bite
A. Mosquito bite
Which statement about HPV is correct? A. Nearly all sexually active people will be infected with HPV at some point in their lives. B. All types of HPV cause visible warts. C. It is recommended that all persons receive the HPV vaccination after they turn 21 years old. D. HPV can infect the anogenital region and the lip, but no other parts of the body.
A. Nearly all sexually active people will be infected with HPV at some point in their lives.
Which of these is an example of stress with low predictability? A. Pop quiz B. Federal income tax filing deadline C. Final exam week D. All of these are correct. Feedback Complexity: Easy
A. Pop quiz
What is the first step in the transtheoretical model? A. Precontemplation B. Maintenance C. Preparation D. Termination
A. Precontemplation
What does a vasectomy do? A. Prevents sperm from mixing with the seminal fluid B. Prevents the testes from producing sperm C. Prevents sperm from developing sufficiently to cause fertilization D. Prevents the formation of seminal fluid
A. Prevents sperm from mixing with the seminal fluid
What is the most common form of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women in America? A. Rape B. Plane crash C. Natural disasters D. War
A. Rape
Which of these people is exhibiting symptoms of hepatitis B? A. Sarah, who is fatigued, nauseous, and jaundiced B. Tammy, who has small round nodules on her breasts and abdomen C. Gary, who has swollen lymph glands, headaches, and night sweats D. Larry, who is experiencing significant itching in his pubic region
A. Sarah, who is fatigued, nauseous, and jaundiced
Which condition is an example of a congenital defect? A. Spina bifida B. PKU C. Muscular dystrophy D. Hemophilia
A. Spina bifida
During which stage of Lyme disease do about 15% of people infected experience severe neurological symptoms such as meningitis and encephalitis? A. Stage 2 B. Stage 3 C. Stage 4 D. Stage 1
A. Stage 2
During which stage of GAS does the person fall ill? A. Stage of exhaustion B. Stage of alarm C. Stage of resistance D. Stage of avoidance
A. Stage of exhaustion
What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system? A. Sympathetic and parasympathetic B. Voluntary and the involuntary C. Central and somatic D. Endocrine and exocrine
A. Sympathetic and parasympathetic
_____ is the sedative drug that caused deformed arms and legs in children of pregnant women who took it in the late 1950s and early 1960s. A. Thalidomide B. Isotretinoin C. Diazepam D. Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
A. Thalidomide
Which of the following is least likely to transmit HIV? A. Urine B. Semen C. Blood D. Vaginal secretions
A. Urine
HIV testing begins with: A. a counseling session. B. a blood draw. C. a saliva test. D. taking a urine sample.
A. a counseling session.
People with _____ can seem to be absorbed in themselves and separate from interaction with others. A. an autism spectrum disorder B. chronic insomnia C. ophediophobia D. narcolepsy
A. an autism spectrum disorder
To be successful therapeutically, hypnosis requires that the: A. client consents to participating in the procedure. B. client makes suggestions to the therapist during the session. C. participants do not explicitly identify themselves. D. therapist does not reveal how hypnosis works.
A. client consents to participating in the procedure.
The Roe v. Wade decision declared that individual states could regulate the abortion process: A. during the second trimester, but only to protect the woman's health. B. during the first trimester for any reason. C. during any trimester for any reason. D. during the first trimester, but only to protect the woman's health.
A. during the second trimester, but only to protect the woman's health.
People suffering from somatic symptom disorder: A. have lost mind-body harmony to a serious degree. B. cannot be effectively treated. C. have contracted some form of infectious disease. D. are feigning sickness.
A. have lost mind-body harmony to a serious degree.
The chemicals produced by special organs and tissues in the body, and which notify the body of changes outside and inside the body that must be responded to in order to maintain health, are called: A. hormones. B. mandalas. C. placebos. D. mantras.
A. hormones.
In most women, the basal body temperature _____ after ovulation. A. increases approximately 1 degree B. increases approximately 5 degrees C. remains the same D. decreases approximately 1 degree
A. increases approximately 1 degree
Frustration most commonly occurs when a person: A. is blocked from attaining a goal. B. imagines that she or he is going to be hurt. C. has been attacked. D. imagines that she or he was blamed for something.
A. is blocked from attaining a goal.
The current epidemic of sexually transmitted diseases: A. is fostered by attitudes that link sexual infections to immorality. B. is lessened by the use of oral contraceptives because their chemicals kill infecting organisms. C. affects people between ages 30 and 40 the most. D. will continue unabated because there are no effective treatments for sexual infections.
A. is fostered by attitudes that link sexual infections to immorality.
An aneurysm: A. is the ballooning out of an artery or vein. B. often accompanies a heart attack. C. is caused by varicose veins. D. is the same as a stroke.
A. is the ballooning out of an artery or vein.
The greatest number of cancer deaths in both men and women is caused by _____ cancer. A. lung B. uterine C. stomach D. breast
A. lung
Quieting thoughts in the mind by focusing on an internal sound or image is called: A. meditation. B. daydreaming. C. the relaxation response. D. hypnosis.
A. meditation.
Under the Transtheoretical Model, an individual in the termination stage is: A. no longer tempted to return to the previous behavior. B. not interested in changing a particular behavior. C. strengthening the change in behavior. D. making plans to change a specific behavior.
A. no longer tempted to return to the previous behavior.
Any microorganism that causes disease is called a: A. pathogen. B. virus. C. vector. D. T cell.
A. pathogen.
About 70% of people with _____ will develop type 2 diabetes within 10 years. A. prediabetes B. type 1 diabetes C. type 3 diabetes D. insulin-resistant diabetes
A. prediabetes
Emotions and conscious and unconscious beliefs are aspects of the _____ dimension of a person's sexuality. A. psychological B. orientation C. physical D. relationship
A. psychological
Hypnosis has been shown to help: A. reduce pain. B. induce remission in patients with cancer. C. eliminate infection. D. prevent transmission of disease.
A. reduce pain.
An ongoing, pervasive worry of being observed and evaluated by others is called: A. social anxiety disorder. B. obsessive-compulsive disorder. C. panic disorder. D. depression.
A. social anxiety disorder.
A warning sign of a stroke is: A. sudden weakness in an arm or leg. B. sudden stomach upset. C. breathlessness. D. unexplained buzzing in the ears.
A. sudden weakness in an arm or leg.
The holistic approach to health emphasizes all of the following except: A. treatment of symptoms and diseases. B. self-healing practices. C. prevention of illness. D. promotion of health.
A. treatment of symptoms and diseases.
The monthly flow of blood known as menstruation is due to the degeneration of the lining of the: A. uterus. B. vagina. C. ovaries. D. fallopian tube.
A. uterus.
Progestin-only contraceptives may lead to all of the following except: A. weight loss. B. decreased sex drive. C. menstrual irregularities. D. depression.
A. weight loss.
Leukemia is caused by overproduction of immature _____ cells. A. white blood B. muscle C. skin D. red blood
A. white blood
Chemicals in the environment that mimic the action of hormones are called: A. xenoestrogens. B. agent orange. C. estrogens. D. acrylamides.
A. xenoestrogens.
Which statement is an example of self-disclosure? A. "Would you like to go to the movies tomorrow?" B. "I really miss my mum—she died when I was 6 but it's still hard without her." C. "I'm looking forward to the end of semester; they say it will be a hot summer." D. "Did you hear that Marie has split up from Bobby?"
B. "I really miss my mum—she died when I was 6 but it's still hard without her."
If a close friend tells you that he or she is contemplating suicide, what is the best response? A. "Things can't be that bad. Shape up." B. "Tell me more about why you want to kill yourself." C. "What am I supposed to do about it?" D. "Cheer up. You're better off than I am."
B. "Tell me more about why you want to kill yourself."
When performing CPR, you should give _____ hard, rapid compressions for every 2 full breaths. A. 20 B. 30 C. 50 D. 10
B. 30
A baby is born with an inactive gene that prevents him from digesting lactose in breast or cow's milk. What condition does he have? A. Phenylketonuria B. Alactasia C. Hemophilia D. Lactose intolerance
B. Alactasia
What is an arrhythmia? A. An arterial blockage B. An irregular heartbeat C. A lack of oxygen in the blood D. A weakened portion of an arterial wall
B. An irregular heartbeat
Which of the following best describes a stressor? A. The same thing as stress B. Any physical or psychological situation that produces stress C. An emotional or physical effect of stress D. All of these are correct.
B. Any physical or psychological
At what time in the pregnancy is an amniocentesis generally performed? A. Approximately 10 weeks B. Approximately 15 weeks C. Approximately 8 weeks D. Approximately 12 weeks
B. Approximately 15 weeks
What is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease in the United States? A. Stroke B. Coronary heart disease C. Pericarditis D. Rheumatic heart disease
B. Coronary heart disease
All pregnant women over age 35 are advised to undergo genetic tests of fetal cells to determine whether they are carrying a fetus with which condition? A. Turner's syndrome B. Down syndrome C. Sickle cell anemia D. Klinefelter's syndrome
B. Down syndrome
What is the term that best describes stress in the form of positive life change? A. Alarm B. Eustress C. Distress D. None of these are correct.
B. Eustress
What is atherosclerosis? A. Swelling of the veins resulting from defective valves in the veins of the legs B. Fatty deposits (plaque) built up in the arteries that block the flow of blood C. Chest pain caused by coronary heart disease D. Decreased blood flow due to weakness of the arterial and venous walls
B. Fatty deposits (plaque) built up in the arteries that block the flow of blood
_____ is caused by a virus. A. Chlamydia B. Hepatitis B C. Pubic lice D. Gonorrhea
B. Hepatitis B
The majority of new cases of AIDS in the United States are among which population? A. Heterosexual alcoholics B. Intravenous drug users and their sexual partners C. Prostitutes D. Homosexuals
B. Intravenous drug users and their sexual partners
Which of these can be a psychosomatic illness? A. Meningitis B. Irritable bowel syndrome C. Bowel cancer D. Influenza
B. Irritable bowel syndrome
Excess cholesterol in the blood is processed by which organ? A. Kidney B. Liver C. Pancreas D. Spleen
B. Liver
What do statins do? A. Regulate the heartbeat B. Lower blood cholesterol levels C. Reduce blood pressure D. Increase blood oxygen levels
B. Lower blood cholesterol levels
All of the following are types of parasomnia except: A. Nightmares B. Narcolepsy C. Sleepwalking D. Sleep apnea
B. Narcolepsy
What anxiety disorder often involves individuals performing repetitive behaviors, such as handwashing? A. Panic disorder B. Obsessive-compulsive disorder C. Posttraumatic stress disorder D. Agoraphobia
B. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
What phase of the menstrual cycle does this describe? Hormones from the hypothalamus trigger the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland, which circulates through the blood to the ovaries and stimulates the production of estrogen and the maturation of an egg. Estrogen stimulates the proliferation of the lining of the uterus and uterine blood vessels. A. Secretary phase B. Proliferative phase C. Menstrual phase D. Ovulation phase
B. Proliferative phase
What do you do when you forgive someone? A. Prevent yourself from attaining psychological closure on the incident B. Release yourself from the physiological tension of internalized anger C. Agree that you want to have a relationship with him or her D. Say that his or her transgression is okay
B. Release yourself from the physiological tension of internalized anger
Numerous studies have shown that people with abundant social support live longer and more healthfully. Why? A. Social support provided transport to and from hospital appointments. B. Social support helped patients carry out rehabilitative activities and lessened the propensity to worry about their medical situation. C. Social support helped patients to fund their health care and so reduced anxiety relating to finances.
B. Social support helped patients carry out rehabilitative activities and lessened the propensity to worry about their medical situation.
In the United States, about 50% of the population is infected with H. pylori, which can cause: A. Mononucleosis B. Ulcers C. Lyme disease D. Hepatitis
B. Ulcers
Stress refers to: A. circumstances and events that enhance mind-body harmony. B. a disruption of a person's psychobiological balance and sense of harmony. C. diseases caused by overwork. D. All of these are correct.
B. a disruption of a person's psychobiological balance and sense of harmony.
A test for birth defects involving the capture and analysis of fetal cells from the amniotic sac is called: A. an ELISA test. B. amniocentesis. C. an HCG antibody test. D. chorionic villus sampling.
B. amniocentesis.
In the Health Belief Model, inconvenience, cost, unpleasantness, and pain are examples of: A. perceived susceptibility. B. barriers to taking action. C. perceived benefits of taking action. D. cues to action.
B. barriers to taking action.
A precise image of the flow of blood through the coronary arteries is obtained by a procedure called: A. cardiopulmonary resuscitation. B. cardiac catheterization. C. coronary artery bypass. D. an electrocardiogram.
B. cardiac catheterization.
Genital warts, caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), can predispose a woman to cancer of the: A. ovaries. B. cervix. C. breast. D. endometrium.
B. cervix.
Sperm/egg and embryo genome editing are currently illegal in many countries because the technology: A. is likely to introduce new diseases into the genome. B. could be used to enhance normal human traits. C. has been misused in the past, with severe results. D. is currently hypothetical and serves no practical purpose.
B. could be used to enhance normal human traits.
Most birth defects occur: A. during delivery. B. during the first trimester. C. during the second trimester. D. prior to fertilization.
B. during the first trimester.
If a protein necessary for bone formation is defective, _____ results. A. muscular dystrophy B. dwarfism C. spina bifida D. PKU
B. dwarfism
Mental health issues of college students include: A. consumption of sugary high-fat foods due to time constraints. B. feelings of isolation among nontraditional students. C. getting into automobile accidents while commuting. D. contracting infectious diseases due to poor personal hygiene.
B. feelings of isolation among nontraditional students.
Evidence indicates that known sexual partners of individuals diagnosed with STDs are most likely to be informed and treated if the individual diagnosed with an STD is: A. politely asked to tell his or her partners about the infection and recommend that they seek treatment. B. given antibiotics to distribute to his or her partners so that they can treat themselves anonymously. C. asked to provide contact information for his or her partners so that the medical facility can contact them and recommend seeking treatment. D. firmly instructed to tell his or her partners about the infection and recommend that they seek treatment.
B. given antibiotics to distribute to his or her partners so that they can treat themselves anonymously.
Scientific studies have confirmed that _____ increases levels of natural killer cells that help prevent infections. A. fasting B. humor C. placebo medication D. stress
B. humor
Meditation has been found to: A. eliminate infection. B. lower blood pressure. C. impair cognition. D. decrease blood flow.
B. lower blood pressure.
Examples of communicable diseases are: A. malaria and cirrhosis. B. measles and the common cold. C. heart disease and kidney disease. D. cancer and asthma.
B. measles and the common cold.
The first sign of HIV infection is usually: A. shingles. B. mononucleosis-like symptoms. C. Kaposi's sarcoma. D. thrush.
B. mononucleosis-like symptoms.
Cancers are medically classified according to the: A. degree of likelihood of full surgical excision of the tumor. B. organ or kind of tissue in which the tumor originates. C. suspected cause of the tumor. D. age of the person at diagnosis.
B. organ or kind of tissue in which the tumor originates.
People become more open to suggestion when they are: A. distracted. B. relaxed. C. stressed. D. frightened.
B. relaxed.
Childbirth preparation courses: A. are required for mothers who want to give birth in a hospital. B. teach breathing and relaxation exercises to help ease the delivery process. C. focus on how to deliver a child at home. D. generally discourage the father's attendance.
B. teach breathing and relaxation exercises to help ease the delivery process.
When HPV warts are removed: A. the individual becomes immune from reinfection with HPV. B. they can still reappear because HPV still survives in the cells. C. they must be sent to a lab for testing to determine whether they are cancerous. D. the individual is still infected, but is no longer contagious.
B. they can still reappear because HPV still survives in the cells.
The reason AIDS causes death is that it: A. weakens the blood and eventually prevents the delivery of oxygen to the body's tissues and organs. B. weakens the immune system, which makes an infected individual unable to fight off infections. C. targets nerve tissue and eventually causes necrosis of the meninges, leading to brain death. D. causes pelvic inflammatory disease.
B. weakens the immune system, which makes an infected individual unable to fight off infections.
About _____ of cancer deaths are caused by nutritional problems. A. 25% B. 80% C. 50% D. 67%
C. 50%
When should a diaphragm be removed? A. About 20 to 24 hours after intercourse B. Within an hour after intercourse C. About 6 to 8 hours after intercourse D. Immediately after intercourse
C. About 6 to 8 hours after intercourse
_____ is a secondary sex characteristic of a male. A. Thinning hair B. The presence of a penis C. Body hair D. Attraction to women
C. Body hair
Which measure of health is an estimate of the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability, or early death? A. Health-Related Quality of Life and Well-Being B. Chronic disease incidence C. Disability Adjusted Life Year D. Infant mortality
C. Disability Adjusted Life Year
What is the term for the stress that results from challenging situations? A. Mental stress B. Distress C. Eustress D. Physiological stress
C. Eustress
What does it mean when an infant is weaned? A. He or she has a congenital medical condition. B. His or her immune system is fully developed. C. He or she has stopped nursing altogether. D. He or she has developed sufficiently to survive outside of the womb.
C. He or she has stopped nursing altogether.
What is the treatment for heart failure? A. Statins B. Aspirin C. Heart transplant D. Electrocardiogram
C. Heart transplant
How does personal control affect the experience of stress? A. Individuals who believe they can influence the course of their lives are likely to experience more stress than individuals who believe that their fate is determined by factors outside of their control. B. Individuals who do not believe they can influence the course of their lives are likely to experience less stress than individuals who believe that their fate is determined by factors outside of their control. C. Individuals who believe they can influence the course of their lives are likely to experience less stress than individuals who believe that their fate is determined by factors outside of their control.
C. Individuals who believe they can influence the course of their lives are likely to experience less stress than individuals who believe that their fate is determined by factors outside of their control.
Most of the organisms of the human microbiome inhabit which part of the body? A. Pancreas B. Brain C. Intestines D. Liver
C. Intestines
Which of these fertility control methods is highly effective and has no health-related side effects associated with it? A. Vaginal contraceptive ring B. Withdrawal C. Male latex condom D. IUD
C. Male latex condom
Which of these locations is the best place to keep male condoms to prevent deterioration? A. Wallet B. Back pocket of one's pants C. Nightstand drawer D. Glove compartment of car
C. Nightstand drawer
What is the term for the release of an ovum each month? A. Menstruation B. Fertilization C. Ovulation D. Invagination
C. Ovulation
What does cortisol do in the acute response to stress? A. Suppress the immune system B. Dilate the pupil of the eye to improve vision C. Prepares the body for fighting an infection D. Increase motility in the intestines
C. Prepares the body for fighting an infection
What is the primary cause of all skin cancers? A. Smoking B. Excessive alcohol use C. Sun exposure D. Lack of exercise
C. Sun exposure
Sperm and sex hormone production take place in which part of the male sexual anatomy? A. Bladder B. Epididymis C. Testes D. Cowper's gland
C. Testes
Nitroglycerin is used to relieve symptoms of: A. stroke. B. headache. C. angina. D. hypertension.
C. angina.
Most prostate cancers: A. are detected by a low PSA level. B. should be operated on as soon as discovered. C. are slow-growing and may never become life-threatening. D. are initially detected by sigmoidoscopy.
C. are slow-growing and may never become life-threatening.
Medication abortion can be performed: A. following surgical abortion. B. during the third trimester. C. as soon as pregnancy is confirmed. D. within a few days of conception.
C. as soon as pregnancy is confirmed.
Arguments in close relationships should: A. continue until one partner has persuaded the other to her or his point of view. B. have a "winner" and a "loser." C. be about only one specific issue. D. focus on you-statements rather than I-statements.
C. be about only one specific issue.
Individuals who experience periods of depression followed by periods of euphoria suffer from: A. schizophrenia. B. anxiety. C. bipolar disorder. D. panic attacks.
C. bipolar disorder.
Oxytocin causes the muscle cells that line the milk ducts to contract and eject milk from the nipple, and also: A. promotes the production of ova. B. helps to thin the placenta. C. causes uterine contractions. D. stimulates healing of the seminiferous tubules.
C. causes uterine contractions.
Influenza viruses are easily and commonly transmitted through: A. sexual contact. B. a vector such as an insect bite. C. droplets from people who are coughing or sneezing. D. contaminated water.
C. droplets from people who are coughing or sneezing.
The coping strategy of judging a distressing situation as less difficult than someone else's is an example of all of the following, except: A. changing thoughts and beliefs about the situation. B. reducing the feelings associated with the situation. C. engaging in denial. D. changing your interaction with the situation.
C. engaging in denial.
A physiological response to a frightening threat is called: A. mind-body harmony. B. social support. C. flight-fight response. D. a challenge situation.
C. flight-fight response.
Supplementing the diet of pregnant women with _____ has dramatically reduced the incidence of spina bifida. A. calcium B. iron C. folic acid D. vitamin C
C. folic acid
A diet rich in _____ can help protect the heart and arteries. A. herb teas B. saturated fats C. fresh fruits D. trans fats
C. fresh fruits
The feeling of thankfulness or appreciation associated with the realization that you've been helped, supported, or affirmed by something outside yourself is called: A. forgiveness. B. anxiety. C. gratitude. D. compassion.
C. gratitude.
The majority of adoptions are: A. independent adoptions. B. private adoptions. C. handled through adoption agencies. D. international adoptions.
C. handled through adoption agencies.
Methods that elicit the relaxation response: A. are practiced in a lively environment. B. involve a moderate amount of physical movement. C. involve focusing the mind's attention. D. requires an assertive mental state.
C. involve focusing the mind's attention.
Illnesses that result from choices and behavior are called: A. health indicators. B. holistic illnesses. C. lifestyle diseases. D. infectious diseases.
C. lifestyle diseases.
Suggestions for getting a good night's sleep include: A. exercising immediately before going to sleep. B. drinking alcohol an hour before going to sleep. C. making the bedroom a place for sleeping only. D. getting up early during the week and sleeping in late on the weekends.
C. making the bedroom a place for sleeping only.
A tumor usually contains _____ of abnormal cells before it can be detected or diagnosed. A. tens of thousands B. thousands C. millions D. hundreds
C. millions
Under the wellness model of health, _____ wellness involves being able to enjoy what you are doing to earn a living and contribute to society. A. intellectual B. spiritual C. occupational D. physical
C. occupational
A very important use of virtual reality therapy is in the treatment of: A. leukemia. B. influenza. C. posttraumatic stress disorder. D. schizophrenia.
C. posttraumatic stress disorder.
The _____ is the opposite of autonomic nervous system activation. A. nocebo effect B. image visualization C. relaxation response D. biofeedback
C. relaxation response
Surgical abortion involves terminating a pregnancy by: A. administering medications that stop pregnancy and force expulsion of the uterine contents. B. laparoscopically clamping the umbilical cord and allowing the uterine contents to expel on their own. C. removing the post-fertilization contents of the uterus with a vacuum instrument. D. surgically severing the umbilical cord and manually removing the uterine contents.
C. removing the post-fertilization contents of the uterus with a vacuum instrument.
Researchers experimenting with gene therapy are not studying the use of this method to: A. replace mutated or defective genes. B. inactivate a gene that is functioning improperly. C. splicing different types of genes to create new artificial traits. D. introduce a new gene into the body to help fight a disease.
C. splicing different types of genes to create new artificial traits.
Hemophilia results from an altered gene on: A. the Y chromosome only. B. both the X chromosome and the Y chromosome. C. the X chromosome only. D. neither the X chromosome nor the Y chromosome.
C. the X chromosome only.
Data that describes the degree of sickness and death in a population is called: A. cost control data. B. prevalence. C. vital statistics. D. incidence.
C. vital statistics.
What is the life expectancy of a person with Down syndrome? A. 20 to 30 years B. 60 to 70 years C. 25 years or less D. 40 to 50 years
D. 40 to 50 years
What happens during a biopsy? A. A tumor is directly exposed to a targeted blast of radiation. B. Chemotherapy drugs are injected directly into a tumor. C. An entire tumor is removed from the patient's body. D. A very small portion of a tumor is removed for testing.
D. A very small portion of a tumor is removed for testing.
Which of these ethnic groups faces the highest risk of developing lung cancer? A. Japanese Americans B. Latinos C. White Americans D. African Americans
D. African Americans
Which of these is a way that an STD can enter the body? A. Through breaks in the skin B. Through mucous membranes of the body's orifices C. Through blood D. All of the above are correct.
D. All of the above are correct.
Stress-related illness is the result of: A. stress-induced changes in the hormone and nervous systems. B. self-harming behaviors that are intended to reduce stressful thoughts and/or feelings. C. changes in the immune system that eventually lead to illness. D. All of these are correct.
D. All of these are correct.
Which of these is a harm-and-loss situation? A. Death of a family member B. Physical injury C. Loss of self-esteem D. All of these are correct.
D. All of these are correct.
Which of these is a warning sign of stress? A. Trouble falling asleep B. Difficulty staying asleep C. Waking up feeling tired D. All of these are correct.
D. All of these are correct.
When is the best time to discuss fertility control? A. During intercourse B. After intercourse C. After impregnation D. Before intercourse
D. Before intercourse
Which organ produces hormones? A. Liver B. Heart C. Lung D. Brain
D. Brain
What type of cancer affects the skin or the membranes surrounding body organs? A. Sarcoma B. Lymphosarcoma C. Lymphoma D. Carcinoma
D. Carcinoma
Which factor increases a woman's risk of developing breast cancer? A. Never having undergone estrogen replacement therapy B. Going through menopause by age 50 C. Bearing her first child by age 25 D. Consuming more than 3 ounces of alcohol a day
D. Consuming more than 3 ounces of alcohol a day
What do the pulmonary veins do? A. Deliver oxygenated blood from the lungs to the right atrium B. Deliver deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs C. Deliver deoxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the lungs D. Deliver oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
D. Deliver oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
_____ refers to the tendency for individuals to classify themselves and be classified by their social group according to their biological sex. A. Sexual orientation B. LGBTQ C. Heterosexual D. Gender
D. Gender
How do we know that environmental factors play a role in the development of congenital defects? A. Examination of blood samples from the placenta B. Testing of both parents C. Observation at birth D. Identical twin studies
D. Identical twin studies
Which of the following statements is true? A. Sexual desire always results in sexual behavior. B. The excitement phase of sexual response occurs directly before orgasm. C. Alcohol enhances the body's ability to respond sexually. D. It is possible for males to experience orgasm without ejaculation.
D. It is possible for males to experience orgasm without ejaculation.
Which is not one of the six basic autosuggestions? A. My lungs breathe for me. B. My heartbeat is calm and regular. C. My arms and legs are heavy. D. My forehead is warm.
D. My forehead is warm.
What is a possible serious complication of IUD use? A. Blood clots B. Uterine cancer C. High blood pressure D. Pelvic inflammatory disease
D. Pelvic inflammatory disease
What is the number one life-shortening behavior an individual can practice? A. Alcohol use B. Tobacco use C. Use of illicit drugs D. Poor diet
D. Poor diet
Which is an effective time management strategy? A. Striving to be a perfectionist in all of your assignments B. Answering texts as soon as they come in C. Taking evening classes if you're a morning person D. Resisting multitasking and focusing instead on one task at a time
D. Resisting multitasking and focusing instead on one task at a time
Jen is talking to her husband, Phil, about the argument they had last night. They argued because he came home late and hadn't told her that was his plan. In what way can Phil show effective listening skills? A. Saying "You're wrong. I was home by 10:30." B. Listening silently C. Looking at his feet to show how embarrassed he is D. Saying "I can understand why you were angry."
D. Saying "I can understand why you were angry."
During which stage of labor should the mother begin to push? A. Fourth stage B. First stage C. Third stage D. Second stage
D. Second stage
What happens during the first stage of labor? A. The mother experiences her first Braxton-Hicks contractions. B. The infant fully descends into the birth canal. C. The baby's head emerges from the mother's body. D. The cervix fully dilates.
D. The cervix fully dilates.
What is the Recent Life Changes Questionnaire used for? A. To determine whether a person is type A or type B B. To measure people's memories of stressful events C. To quantify the stages of GAS for specific occupations D. To assign stress ratings to common life changes
D. To assign stress ratings to common life changes
Which hereditary disease is associated with a missing chromosome? A. Down syndrome B. Klinefelter's syndrome C. XXX syndrome D. Turner's syndrome
D. Turner's syndrome
The surest way to reduce the risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease is to: A. use a latex condom. B. use an IUD. C. use a sponge with a spermicidal gel. D. abstain from sexual intercourse.
D. abstain from sexual intercourse.
The belief that one can influence the nature and quality of one's life is called: A. chi. B. pessimism. C. self-efficacy. D. agency.
D. agency.
Anxiety is a response to: A. a situation interpreted as threatening. B. a positive experience the person is looking forward to. C. an event that occurred long ago. D. an imaginary situation.
D. an imaginary situation.
Physicians generally prescribe daily low-dose _____ to people who have had a heart attack or stroke. A. acetaminophen B. ibuprofen C. naproxen D. aspirin
D. aspirin
The risk of urethritis or cystitis can be lessened by drinking _____ to prevent bacteria from clinging to the cells lining the urinary tract. A. green tea B. alcohol C. skim milk D. cranberry juice
D. cranberry juice
A person with social wellness is able to: A. appreciate natural forces in the universe. B. feel a sense of accomplishment in his or her work. C. make informed choices about medicinal use and medical care. D. develop positive relationships with loved ones.
D. develop positive relationships with loved ones.
One symptom of adult ADHD is: A. impairment in interpersonal interaction. B. persistent fatigue. C. thinking for a long period before speaking. D. difficulty focusing on activities.
D. difficulty focusing on activities.
One way to practice emotion-focused coping is to: A. alter your perception of the stressful situation. B. deny that you are experiencing stress. C. reduce physical tension. D. ease your mind.
D. ease your mind.
According to the wellness model, headaches are most often caused by: A. eye problems. B. head injuries. C. other illnesses. D. emotional stress.
D. emotional stress.
All of the following are components of mental well-being except: A. social well-being. B. psychological well-being. C. emotional well-being. D. financial well-being.
D. financial well-being.
Foundation Health Status, part of Healthy People 2020, is intended to: A. encourage students to pursue a career in health care in order to increase the size of the medical workforce by 2020. B. encourage the FDA to streamline the process involved in approving new medications. C. collect and distribute healthy food to public schools to improve childhood nutrition and prevent starvation. D. help people more easily understand the overall health of the U.S. population.
D. help people more easily understand the overall health of the U.S. population.
Methods to enable the immune system to work better against cancer are called: A. metabolic therapies. B. chemotherapies. C. radiation therapies. D. immunotherapies.
D. immunotherapies.
Stress can contribute to illness by all of the following except: A. motivating unhealthy behaviors. B. causing the mind and body to become exhausted. C. weakening immunity. D. inhibiting the general activation syndrome (GAS).
D. inhibiting the general activation syndrome (GAS).
The mental component of stress involves: A. weakening the nerve signals that control the relaxation response. B. the placebo effect. C. too many negative experiences (harm-or-loss situations) and not enough positive ones (challenges). D. interpreting a situation as threatening to one's survival and overtaxing her or his resources to cope.
D. interpreting a situation as threatening to one's survival and overtaxing her or his resources to cope.
Alcohol use during pregnancy increases the risk of _____ in the fetus. A. depression B. heart damage C. spina bifida D. mental retardation
D. mental retardation
The feeling that there are too many demands on your time is called: A. distancing. B. coping. C. prioritizing. D. overload.
D. overload.
Test anxiety is a form of: A. coping. B. PTSD. C. denial. D. performance anxiety.
D. performance anxiety.
If the mother drinks alcohol while she is pregnant, the alcohol will: A. not enter the fetal blood, so the fetus will be unaffected. B. reach a much higher level in the fetal blood than in the mother's blood. C. reach a much higher level in the mother's blood than in the fetal blood. D. remain in the fetal blood much longer than it will remain in the mother's blood.
D. remain in the fetal blood much longer than it will remain in the mother's blood.
Each of the following is one of the six substances that cause 90% of all food allergic reactions except: A. soy. B. wheat. C. fish. D. sugar.
D. sugar.
Effective listening can be enhanced by: A. avoiding direct eye contact. B. faking complete attention if you are dead tired. C. judging what the speaker is saying in order to offer advice. D. summarizing the speaker's message in your own words.
D. summarizing the speaker's message in your own words.
Any environmental agent that causes a defect in a developing fetus is called a(n): A. karyotype. B. villus. C. irradiant. D. teratogen.
D. teratogen.
The healing that results from a person's belief in substances or treatments that have no medicinal value in themselves is called: A. the nocebo effect. B. autosuggestion. C. autogenic training. D. the placebo effect.
D. the placebo effect.
Tanning lamps emit mostly: A. UVA. B. UVB. C. UVC. D. visible light.
D. visible light.
All humans satisfy their basic needs the same way. True False
False
An employer in the United States can legally fire or refuse to hire an individual based on information obtained from genetic testing. True False
False
Antibiotics kill only harmful bacteria in the body. True False
False
Anxiety disorders are characterized by hopelessness, self-recrimination, and reduced enjoyment of activities. True False
False
Being mentally healthy means that you will never feel angry, anxious, lonely, or depressed. True False
False
Biofeedback is a device designed to measure hormones in the head region. True False
False
Children raised on farms tend to have more allergies and asthma than children raised in urban environments. True False
False
Chlamydia is also known as the clap. True False
False
Conception is highly improbable unless at least 10,000 viable sperm are deposited in the vagina. True False
False
Depressed individuals benefit from remaining in seclusion. True False
False
During periods of chronic stress, the immune system is stimulated. True False
False
Eating for two means that a pregnant woman should consume at least twice as many calories as she did before she became pregnant. True False
False
Emergency contraception is intended for use as a primary birth control method. True False
False
Exercise during pregnancy contributes to the development of varicose veins in the lower legs. True False
False
Factors such as age, religion, race, education, and social background have little influence on choice of intimate partners. True False
False
Genetic testing is mandatory for all births in the United States. True False
False
Good health simply means eating well and getting exercise. True False
False
HIV is more infectious than the viruses that cause colds, flu, and hepatitis. True False
False
Having a cigarette before going to bed will help in getting a good night's sleep. True False
False
Health officials advocate testing everyone for HIV infection. True False
False
Hormonal contraceptives for women became available in the United States in the 1940s. True False
False
If the mother drinks alcohol early in the pregnancy, it will not adversely affect the baby's development. True False
False
Incidence is the total number of people in a community, country, or other group with a particular health status. True False
False
Intimacy is the feeling that the identities of two persons have merged into one. True False
False
Modern medicine tends to treat psychosomatic illnesses directly. True False
False
Morbidity refers to the number of deaths in the population. True False
False
Most combined hormonal contraceptives contain small amounts of the hormone testosterone. True False
False
Nearly all of the fetal body forms by the 5th week of pregnancy. True False
False
Once a zygote has implanted in the uterus, the hormones estrogen and progesterone are no longer needed, and the ovaries stop producing them. True False
False
Once treated, you cannot get chlamydia again. True False
False
One drink of alcohol a day increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. True False
False
Oral contraceptives are known to cause breast cancer. True False
False
PSA tests have a very high accuracy rate. True False
False
Projection is defined as keeping distressing thoughts and feelings unconscious. True False
False
Radiation and chemotherapy destroy cancer cells but leave normal cells intact. True False
False
Reducing salt intake lowers blood pressure in people with high blood pressure. True False
False
Research indicates that drinking 3 cups of coffee per day significantly increases a person's risk for cardiovascular disease. True False
False
Research shows that religiosity/spirituality is associated with reduced mortality among those who are ill. True False
False
Self-esteem has no effect on health. True False
False
Sexual orientation refers to whether an individual identifies as male or female. True False
False
Stressful situations and emotional upsets strengthen the body's defenses, making it less vulnerable to infectious microorganisms. True False
False
The Health-Related Quality of Life and Well-Being addresses medical factors that affect a person's quality of life, but disregards non-medical factors. True False
False
The cervix is the part of the uterus that connects to the fallopian tubes. True False
False
The heart utilizes about 5% of the total of oxygenated blood circulated throughout the body. True False
False
The holistic model of health requires that illness be treated with the most up-to-date medical technologies and methods. True False
False
The leading causes of death in the United States today are due to infections. True False
False
The majority of lifestyle diseases are acute diseases that last a short time. True False
False
The terms genetic and inherited are synonyms. True False
False
The use of sterile techniques in surgery was adopted quickly in the United States after the discovery of antiseptics. True False
False
Unpleasant feelings, such as fear and sadness, are usually signs of mental illness. True False
False
Using "I-statements" is a major barrier to effective communication. True False
False
Varicose veins are a life-threatening condition that can significantly interrupt blood flow throughout the body. True False
False
Ventricular fibrillation is a condition in which the ventricles contract forcefully instead of gently. True False
False
When arguing with your partner, you should continue the argument until the matter is resolved, regardless of how long it takes. True False
False
Women with larger breasts are able to produce more milk than women with smaller breasts. True False
False
A cold caused by one virus does not protect a person from catching a cold caused by a different strain. True False
True
A fertility control method's effectiveness is measured in terms of its failure rate. True False
True
A large proportion of U.S. college students has limited access to health care because their colleges do not have comprehensive services and they are without health insurance. True False
True
A major advantage of the diaphragm is that it causes no major medical problems. True False
True
A major goal of stem cell research is to one day be able to harvest stem cells from an individual with a serious disease, propagate them into embryonic stem cell lines, and then use the cells to treat the patient's disease without concern about rejection. True False
True
A person with a recent negative HIV antibody test could still be infected with HIV. True False
True
About 80% of children with cancer are cured and enter adulthood with no signs of cancer. True False
True
About half of college students are sexually active before they enter college. True False
True
An ultrasound scan can detect whether a pregnant woman is carrying multiple fetuses. True False
True
Artificial insemination is when semen from a partner or a donor is introduced into the woman's reproductive tract with a syringe. True False
True
Birth control pills may provide some protection from certain diseases. True False
True
Breast-fed babies have fewer allergies than do bottle-fed babies. True False
True
Cigarette smoking is the cause of about one-third of all cancers. True False
True
College students with undiagnosed ADHD generally struggle to complete school assignments. True False
True
Defense mechanisms are mental strategies for avoiding unpleasant thoughts and emotions. True False
True
Disclosing your discomfort about talking about STDs with your partner can help relieve anxiety about it. True False
True
Down syndrome usually is caused by inheriting an extra chromosome. True False
True
Every cancer is biologically unique. True False
True
For most people, lifestyle plays a far greater role in causing cancer than any genes that are passed on from parents. True False
True
Giving birth to and raising a child requires major adjustments in the parents' lives. True False
True
Healthy people can choose not to be involved in intimate relationships because their priorities lie in school, work, careers, or self-development. True False
True
Hereditary diseases are always caused by defective chromosomes or genes. True False
True
Human skin is mildly acidic. True False
True
If left untreated, chlamydia can cause sterility in both sexes. True False
True
If the fetus presents in the breech position, it is not in the head-down position. True False
True
Including soy products in one's diet may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. True False
True
It is normal for couples to feel an increased desire for sexual intercourse during pregnancy. True False
True
Many cancer patients who have exhausted all medical treatments turn to unconventional therapies like herbal remedies or megavitamins. True False
True
Many countries lack the resources to supply clean water and safe public sanitation. True False
True
Many people infected with gonorrhea do not show any symptoms of the infection. True False
True
Most HIV test kits advertised and sold over the Internet are faulty. True False
True
Most congenital defects are caused by a complex interaction of genes and environmental factors. True False
True
Nearly half of all deaths in the United States are due to lifestyle factors. True False
True
Once a person has been infected with genital herpes, he or she remains infected for life. True False
True
Once you have been vaccinated, if you later encounter the same active, disease-causing organisms that cause the condition against which you have been vaccinated, you are protected by "memory cells" that quickly produce the antibodies needed to destroy the infectious agents. True False
True
One purpose for amniotic fluid in pregnancy is to protect the fetus from potentially damaging jolts. True False
True
One reason relationships end is that one or both partners are unable to move the relationship into its next stage. True False
True
Permanent infertility is called sterility. True False
True
Poverty, poor nutrition, and poor sanitation increase the risk of contracting tuberculosis. True False
True
Psychosomatic illnesses are caused, in large measure, by mental states such as anxiety, depression, and stress that produce unhealthy physiological changes. True False
True
Relationships without intimacy are more likely to fail than ones that do have it. True False
True
Research suggests that a woman's post-abortion mental status reflects her mental health status prior to the abortion. True False
True
Sickle cell disease is caused by a defect in hemoglobin proteins in red blood cells. True False
True
Socialization is a process by which an individual's sexual attitudes and behaviors are formed. True False
True
Some studies have shown that oral contraceptives may increase the risk of fatal blood clots and heart attacks for some women. True False
True
Stress can weaken the immune system. True False
True
Susceptibility to breast cancer can be inherited. True False
True
Syphilis can be treated with antibiotics at any stage of infection. True False
True
Taking vitamin B supplements during pregnancy reduces the risk of birth defects. True False
True
The FDA requires new drugs to be proven effective by double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials. True False
True
The autonomic nervous system is a special group of nerves that controls some of the body's organs and their functions without conscious control. True False
True
The bone marrow, tonsils, adenoids, spleen, and thymus all produce cells that allow the body to mount an immune response against infection. True False
True
The diet we consume today, filled with excess sugar, salt, fat, and meat, may be incompatible with the body chemistry we have inherited from our ancestors. True False
True
The disclosure of intimate information produces a sense of trust between two people. True False
True
The immune system can be influenced by the mind. True False
True
The immune system protects the body from infectious diseases. True False
True
The incidence of death from cardiovascular disease in the United States has declined steadily in recent decades. True False
True
The number of infertile couples in which the factors stem from the female partner is about equal to those in which the factor is due to the male. True False
True
The prostate gland manufactures a portion of a man's seminal fluid. True False
True
The purpose of unpleasant emotions is to motivate behaviors that are expected to meet one or more basic needs. True False
True
There is no evidence that long-term fertility is affected by taking the pill. True False
True
There is no evidence that maternal diet or breastfeeding affect the risk of asthma. True False
True
Ultrasound scans can help diagnose abnormal brain development and neural tube defects. True False
True
Unlike HIV/AIDS, there is a vaccine against hepatitis B virus. True False
True
Within the medical model, the health of a population can be measured in terms of vital statistics. True False
True
Women most at risk when using the pill are those who are over 35 years old and who smoke. True False
True
You can reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease by getting at least 150 minutes of movement activity per week. True False
True