Hematologic & Cancer PRACTICE
6. A child with hemophilia A fell and injured a knee while playing outside. The knee is swollen and painful. Which of the following measures should be taken to stop the bleeding? Select all that apply. 1. The extremity should be immobilized. 2. The extremity should be elevated. 3. Warm moist compresses should be applied to decrease pain. 4. Passive range-of-motion exercises should be administered to the extremity. 5. Factor VIII should be administered.
125
The nurse is taking care of a child with sickle cell disease. The nurse is aware that which of the following problems is (are) associated with sickle cell disease? Select all that apply. 1. Polycythemia. 2. Hemarthrosis. 3. Aplastic crisis. 4. Thrombocytopenia. 5. Splenic sequestration. 6. Vaso-occlusive crisis.
1356
55. When caring for a child with lymphoma, the nurse needs to be aware of which of the following? 1. The same staging system is used for lymphoma and Hodgkin disease. 2. The aggressive chemotherapy with central nervous system prophylaxis will give the child a good prognosis. 3. All children with lymphoma need a bone marrow transplant for a good prognosis. 4. Despite high-dose chemotherapy, the prognosis is very poor for most children with a diagnosis of lymphoma.
2
The nurse is evaluating lab results to determine if her patient is experiencing a diagnosis of DIC. The nurse should anticipate the following results: increased red blood cell count, low platelet counts, and an increased fibrinogen level. Is this statement true or false?
FALSE
38. School-age children with cancer often have a body image disturbance related to hair loss, moon face, or debilitation. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate? 1. Encourage them to wear a wig similar to their own hairstyle. 2. Emphasize the benefits of the therapy they are receiving. 3. Have them play only with other children with cancer. 4. Use diversional techniques to avoid discussing changes in the body because of the chemotherapy.
1
The nurse is taking a health history from a young adult with hemophilia. e nurse should ask the client whether he is experiencing any signs and symptoms of which of the following chronic illnesses? 1. Osteoarthritis 2. Diabetes mellitus 3. Asthma 4. Hypothyroidism
1
12. Which of the following measures should the nurse implement to help with the nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy? Select all that apply. 1. Give an antiemetic 30 minutes prior to the start of therapy. 2. Continue the antiemetic as ordered until 24 hours after the chemotherapy is complete. 3. Remove food that has a lot of odor. 4. Keep the child on a nothing-by-mouth status. 5. Wait until the nausea begins to start the antiemetic.
123
5. A nurse is caring for a child with von Willebrand disease. The nurse is aware that which of the following is a (are) clinical manifestation(s) of von Willebrand disease? Select all that apply. 1. Bleeding of the mucous membranes. 2. The child bruises easily. 3. Excessive menstruation. 4. The child has frequent nosebleeds. 5. Elevated creatinine levels. 6. The child has a factor IX deficiency.
1234
A 12-year-old boy with a history of sickle cell anemia and a diagnosis of vaso-occlusive crisis is being assessed by the admitting nurse in the emergency department. Which of the following signs/symptoms would the nurse expect to see? Select all that apply. 1. Priapism 2. Pain level of 2/10 3. Hematuria 4. Elevated liver enzymes 5. Hematocrit 39%
134
A child with sickle cell anemia weighs 68 lb. How many mL of uid should this child consume per day (i.e., what are this child's daily maintenance uid needs)? (If rounding is needed, please calculate to the nearest tenth.) ________mL
1718
17. The nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell disease who is scheduled to have a splenectomy. What information should the nurse explain to the parents regarding the reason for a splenectomy? 1. To decrease potential for infection. 2. To prevent splenic sequestration. 3. To prevent sickling of red blood cells. 4. To prevent sickle cell crisis.
2
21. A 10-year-old with severe factor VIII deficiency falls, injures an elbow, and is brought to the ER. The nurse should prepare which of the following? 1. An IM injection of factor VIII. 2. An IV infusion of factor VIII. 3. An injection of desmopressin. 4. An IV infusion of platelets.
2
A young child is admitted to the emergency department in vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following orders is the highest priority for the nurse to perform? 1. Morphine 1 mg sub STAT 2. IVD5W1⁄4NSat90mL/hr 3. Oxygen 2 L/min 4. Arterial blood gases STAT
2
50. The nurse is caring for a child who is receiving extensive radiation as part of the treatment for Hodgkin disease. Which intervention should be implemented? 1. Administer pain medication prior to the child's going to radiation therapy. 2. Assess the child for neuropathy since this is a common side effect. 3. Provide adequate rest, as the child may experience excessive malaise and lack of energy. 4. Encourage the child to eat a low-protein diet while on radiation therapy.
3
The mother of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) states that their family is employing complementary therapies to improve the child's chances of survival. e child is also receiving chemotherapy. e nurse should discuss with the mother that which of the following therapies may actually be in con ict with the child's medical care? 1. Therapeutic touch 2. Healing meals 3. Pet therapy 4. Folic acid supplements
4
The nurse is caring for a child with stomatitis a er receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following food items would be appropriate for the nurse to provide the child? 1. Orange juice 2. Whole-grain crackers 3. Dried apple chips 4. Milkshake
4
An assessment of a 7-month-old infant with a hemoglobin level of 6.5 mg/dL is likely to reveal an infant who is a. Lethargic, pale, and irritable b. Thin, energetic, and sleeps little c. Anorexic, vomiting, and has watery stools d. Flushed, fussy, and tired
A
In teaching family members about their child's von Willebrand disease, what is the priority outcome for the child that the nurse should discuss? a. Prevention of injury b. Maintaining adequate hydration c. Compliance with chronic transfusion therapy d. Prevention of respiratory infections
A
The mother of a child with hemophilia asks the nurse how long her child will need to be treated for hemophilia. What is the best response to this question? a. "Hemophilia is a lifelong blood disorder." b. "There is a 25% chance that your child will have spontaneous remission and treatment will no longer be necessary." c. "Treatment is indicated until after your child has progressed through the toddler years." d. "It is unlikely that your child will need to be treated for his hemophilia because your first child does not have the disease."
A
What is the priority nursing intervention for a child hospitalized with hemarthrosis resulting from hemophilia? a. Immobilization and elevation of the affected joint b. Administration of acetaminophen for pain relief c. Assessment of the child's response to hospitalization d. Assessment of the impact of hospitalization on the family system
A
What is true about the genetic transmission of sickle cell disease? a. Both parents must carry the sickle cell trait. b. Both parents must have sickle cell disease. c. One parent must have the sickle cell trait. d. Sickle cell disease has no known pattern of inheritance.
A
The nurse is caring for a child with iron-deficiency anemia. What should the nurse expect to find when reviewing the results of the complete blood count (CBC)? Select all that apply. a. Low hemoglobin levels b. Elevated red blood cell (RBC) levels c. Elevated mean cell volume (MCV) levels d. Low reticulocyte count e. Decreased MCV levels
ADE
A condition in which the normal adult hemoglobin is partly or completely replaced by abnormal hemoglobin is known as a. Aplastic anemia b. Sickle cell anemia c. Thalassemia major d. Iron-deficiency anemia
B
What are the nursing priorities for a child with sickle cell disease in vaso-occlusive crisis? a. Administration of antibiotics and nebulizer treatments b. Hydration and pain management c. Blood transfusions and an increased calorie diet d. School work and diversion
B
What is the nurse's best response to a parent with questions about how her child's blood disorder will be treated? a. "Your child may be able to receive home care." b. "What did the physician tell you?" c. "Blood diseases are transient, so there is no need to worry." d. "Your child will be tired for awhile and then be back to her old self."
B
The nurse is caring for a child with aplastic anemia. What nursing diagnoses are appropriate? Select all that apply. a. Acute Pain related to vaso-occlusion b. Risk for Infection related to inadequate secondary defenses or immunosuppression c. Ineffective Protection related to thrombocytopenia d. Ineffective Tissue Perfusion related to anemia e. Ineffective Protection related to abnormal clotting
BCD
How should the nurse respond when asked by the mother of a child with beta-thalassemia why the child is receiving deferoxamine? a. "To improve the anemia." b. "To decrease liver and spleen swelling." c. "To eliminate excessive iron being stored in the organs." d. "To prepare your child for a bone marrow transplant."
C
What describes the pathologic changes of sickle cell anemia? a. Sickle-shaped cells carry excess oxygen. b. Sickle-shaped cells decrease blood viscosity. c. Increased red blood cell destruction occurs. d. Decreased red blood cell destruction occurs
C
What is a priority intervention in planning care for the child with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)? a. Hospitalization at the first sign of bleeding b. Teaching the child relaxation techniques for pain control c. Management in the intensive care unit d. Provision of adequate hydration to prevent complications
C
What is the best response to a parent who asks the nurse whether her 5-month-old infant can have cow's milk? a. "You need to wait until she is 8 months old and eating solids well." b. "Yes, if you think that she will eat enough meat to get the iron she needs." c. "Infants younger than 12 months need iron-rich formula to get the iron they need." d. "Try it and see how she tolerates it."
C
Which statement best describes beta-thalassemia major (Cooley anemia)? a. All formed elements of the blood are depressed. b. Inadequate numbers of red blood cells are present. c. Increased incidence occurs in families of Mediterranean extraction. d. Increased incidence occurs in persons of West African descent.
C
A nurse is teaching home care instructions to parents of a child with sickle cell disease. Which instructions should the nurse include? Select all that apply. a. Limit fluid intake. b. Administer aspirin for fever. c. Administer penicillin as ordered. d. Avoid cold and extreme heat. e. Provide for adequate rest periods.
CDE
A child who has been in good health has a platelet count of 45,000/mm3, petechiae, and excessive bruising that covers the body. The nurse is aware that these signs are clinical manifestations of a. Erythroblastopenia b. von Willebrand disease c. Hemophilia d. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
D
What action is not appropriate for a 14-month-old child with iron deficiency anemia? a. Decreasing the infant's daily milk intake to 24 oz or less b. Giving oral iron supplements between meals with orange juice c. Including apricots, dark-green leafy vegetables, and egg yolk in the infant's diet d. Allowing the infant to drink the iron supplement from a small medicine cup
D
What is the priority in the discharge plan for a child with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)? a. Teaching the parents to report excessive fatigue to the physician b. Monitoring the child's hemoglobin level every 2 weeks c. Providing a diet that contains iron-rich foods d. Establishing a safe, age-appropriate home environment
D
What should the discharge plan for a school-age child with sickle cell disease include? a. Restricting the child's participation in outside activities b. Administering aspirin for pain or fever c. Limiting the child's interaction with peers d. Administering penicillin daily as ordered
D
Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect when a child with sickle cell anemia experiences an acute vaso-occlusive crisis? a. Circulatory collapse b. Cardiomegaly, systolic murmurs c. Hepatomegaly, intrahepatic cholestasis d. Painful swelling of hands and feet; painful joints
D
16. A child diagnosed with HIV is prescribed a combination of antiretroviral drugs to delay ______________________.
Drug resistance
45. Which of the following best describes the action of chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of cancer in children? 1. Suppress the function of normal lymphocytes in the immune system. 2. Are alkylating agents and are cell-specific. 3. Cause a replication of DNA and are cell-specific. 4. Interrupt cell cycle, thereby causing cell death.
1
48. Which of the following confirms a diagnosis of Hodgkin disease in a 15-year-old? 1. Reed-Sternberg cells in the lymph nodes. 2. Blast cells in the blood. 3. Lymphocytes in the bone marrow. 4. VMA in the urine.
1
56. Where is the primary site of origin of the tumor in children who have neuroblastoma? 1. Bone. 2. Kidney. 3. Abdomen. 4. Liver.
3
A 10-year-old child, diagnosed with hemophilia A, is in the emergency department a er experiencing a fall on the school playground. Which of the following laboratory data would the nurse expect to see? 1. Leukocyte count 15,000 cells/mm3 2. Platelet count 75,000 cells/mm3 3. Partial prothrombin time (PTT) 90 sec (normal 60-70 sec) 4. Prothrombin time (PT) 9 sec (normal 11-12.5 sec)
3
57. Which of the following is the most common opportunistic infection in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? 1. CMV. 2. Encephalitis. 3. Meningitis. 4. Pneumocystic pneumonia.
4
A school-age child has sickle cell anemia. e child's parents ask the school nurse regarding the high-risk nature of 4 activities the child is requesting to participate in. Which of the following activities should the nurse advise the parents is most high risk for the child to perform? 1. Perform the lead role in the school play. 2. Play the violin in the school orchestra. 3. Create an oil painting in art class. 4. Join the a er-school wrestling team.
4
An 11-month-old child is receiving chemotherapy for a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Which of the following vaccinations is safe for the nurse to administer to the child? 1. Var (varicella) 2. MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) 3. LAIV (live attenuated in uenza vaccine) 4. PCV (pneumococcal)
4
A pregnant woman with a family history of hemophilia B and who has been seen by a genetic counselor makes the following statements. The nurse must clarify the information in which of the statements? 1. "Because the disease is X-linked, only my daughters can be born with hemophilia B." 2. "Prenatal testing can be performed to determine whether my fetus has hemophilia B." 3. "Some children with hemophilia B have worse bleeding problems than other children with the same genetics." 4. "Children with hemophilia B are lacking one of the important factors needed to clot blood."
1
The maximum safe dosage of elemental iron for a child 6 months to 2 years of age is 6 mg/kg/day in divided doses tid or qid. Which of the following prescriptions is safe for an 18-month-old child weighing 22 pounds? 1. 15mgqid 2. 20mgqid 3. 25mgtid 4. 30mgtid
1
59. The nurse is instructing the parent of a child with HIV about immunizations. Which of the following should the nurse tell the parent? 1. Hepatitis B vaccine will not be given to this child. 2. Members of the family should be cautioned not to receive the varicella vaccine. 3. The child will need to have a Western blot test done prior to all immunizations. 4. Pneumococcal and influenza vaccines are recommended.
4
15. A nurse is caring for a 15-year-old who has just been diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Which of the following should the nurse include in teaching the parents about this lymphoma? Select all that apply. 1. The malignancy originates in the lymphoid system. 2. The presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in the biopsy is considered diagnostic. 3. Mediastinal involvement is typical. 4. The disease is diffuse rather than nodular. 5. Treatment includes chemotherapy and radiation.
1345
3. Which of the following factors need(s) to be included in a teaching plan for a child with sickle cell anemia? Select all that apply. 1. The child needs to be taken to a physician when sick. 2. The parent should make sure the child sleeps in an air-conditioned room. 3. Emotional stress should be avoided. 4. It is important to keep the child well hydrated. 5. It is important to make sure the child gets adequate nutrition.
1345
36. Which of the following should be done to protect the central nervous system from the invasion of malignant cells in a child newly diagnosed with leukemia? 1. Cranial and spinal radiation. 2. Intravenous steroid therapy. 3. Intrathecal chemotherapy. 4. High-dose intravenous chemotherapy.
3
19. The nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell anemia who is scheduled to have an exchange transfusion. What information should the nurse teach the family? 1. The procedure is done to prevent further sickling during a vaso-occlusive crisis. 2. The procedure reduces side effects from blood transfusions. 3. The procedure is a routine treatment for sickle cell crisis. 4. Once the child's spleen is removed, it is necessary to do exchange transfusions.
1
25. Which of the following measures should be implemented for a child with von Willebrand disease who has a nosebleed? 1. Apply pressure to the nose for at least 10 minutes. 2. Have the child lie supine and quiet. 3. Avoid packing of the nostrils. 4. Encourage the child to swallow frequently.
1
10. The nurse is caring for a child with leukemia. The nurse should be aware that children being treated for leukemia may experience which of the following complications? Select all that apply. 1. Anemia. 2. Infection. 3. Bleeding tendencies. 4. Bone deformities. 5. Polycythemia.
12
A child has been diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). With which of the following signs/symptoms did the child likely present to the primary health-care provider? Select all that apply. 1. Bruising 2. Lethargy 3. Jaundice 4. Leukopenia 5. Erythema
12
11. Which of the following is a (are) reason(s) to do a lumbar puncture on a child with a diagnosis of leukemia? Select all that apply. 1. Rule out meningitis. 2. Assess the central nervous system for infiltration. 3. Give intrathecal chemotherapy. 4. Determine increased intracranial pressure. 5. Stage the leukemia.
23
8. Which of the following describe(s) idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP)? Select all that apply. 1. ITP is a congenital hematological disorder. 2. ITP causes excessive destruction of platelets. 3. Children with ITP have normal bone marrow. 4. Platelets are small in ITP. 5. Purpura is observed in ITP.
235
18. Which of the following analgesics is most effective for a child with sickle cell pain crisis? 1. Demerol. 2. Aspirin. 3. Morphine. 4. Excedrin.
3
4. A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old with sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following orders should the nurse question? Select all that apply. 1. Position the child for comfort. 2. Apply hot packs to painful areas. 3. Give Demerol 25 mg intravenously every 4 hours as needed for pain. 4. Restrict oral fluids. 5. Apply oxygen per nasal cannula to keep oxygen saturations above 94%.
34
2. An 18-month-old male is brought to the clinic by his mother. His height is in the 50th percentile, and weight is in the 80th percentile. The child is pale. The physical examination is normal, but his hematocrit level is 20%. Which of the following questions should assist the nurse in making a diagnosis? Select all that apply. 1. "How many bowel movements a day does your child have?" 2. "How much did your baby weigh at birth?" 3. "What does your child eat every day?" 4. "Has the child been given any new medications?" 5. "How much milk does your child drink per day?"
35
A child has been prescribed 20 mg of elemental iron tid. e nurse has determined that the dosage is safe for the child. Ferrous sulfate elixir is available as: 44 mg/5 mL. How many mL of medication will the child consume each day? (If rounding is needed, please calculate to the nearest tenth.) ___________mL
6.8
7. Which of the following activities should a nurse suggest for a client diagnosed with hemophilia? Select all that apply. 1. Swimming. 2. Golf. 3. Hiking. 4. Fishing. 5. Soccer.
1234
What is descriptive of most cases of hemophilia? a. Autosomal dominant disorder causing deficiency is a factor involved in the blood-clotting reaction b. X-linked recessive inherited disorder causing deficiency of platelets and prolonged bleeding c. X-linked recessive inherited disorder in which a blood-clotting factor is deficient d. Y-linked recessive inherited disorder in which the red blood cells become moon shaped
C
An accurate description of anemia is a. Increased blood viscosity b. Depressed hematopoietic system c. Presence of abnormal hemoglobin d. Decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
D
31. The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of ALL who is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse notes that the child's platelet count is 20,000/mm3. Based on this laboratory finding, what information should the nurse provide to the child and parents? 1. A soft toothbrush should be used for mouth care. 2. Isolation precautions should be started immediately. 3. The child's vital signs, including blood pressure, should be monitored every 4 hours. 4. All visitors should be discouraged from coming to see the family.
1
40. The nurse is caring for a child being treated for ALL. Laboratory results indicate that the child has a white blood cell count of 5000/mm3 with 5% polys and 3% bands. Which of the following analyses is most appropriate? 1. The absolute neutrophil count is 400/mm3, and the child is neutropenic. 2. The absolute neutrophil count is 800/mm3, and the child is neutropenic. 3. The absolute neutrophil count is 4000/mm3, and the child is not neutropenic 4. The absolute neutrophil count is 5800/mm3, and the child is not neutropenic.
1
43. A child diagnosed with leukemia is receiving allopurinol as part of the treatment plan. The parents ask why their child is receiving this medication. What information about the medication should the nurse provide? 1. Helps reduce the uric acid level caused by cell destruction. 2. Used to make the chemotherapy work better. 3. Given to reduce the nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. 4. Helps decrease pain in the bone marrow.
1
49. The parent of a teen with a diagnosis of Hodgkin disease asks what the child's prognosis will be with treatment. What information should the nurse give to the parent and child? 1. Clinical staging of Hodgkin disease will determine the treatment; long-term survival for all stages of Hodgkin disease is excellent. 2. There is a considerably better prognosis if the client is diagnosed early and is between the ages of 5 and 11 years. 3. The prognosis for Hodgkin disease depends on the type of chemotherapy. 4. The only way to obtain a good prognosis is by chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant.
1
51. The parent of a 4-year-old brings the child to the clinic and tells the nurse the child's abdomen is distended. After a complete examination, a diagnosis of Wilms tumor is suspected. Which of the following is most important when doing a physical examination on this child? 1. Avoid palpation of the abdomen. 2. Assess the urine for the presence of blood. 3. Monitor vital signs, especially the blood pressure. 4. Obtain an accurate height and weight.
1
9. The nurse is caring for a child who is receiving a transfusion of packed red blood cells. The nurse is aware that if the child had a hemolytic reaction to the blood, the signs and symptoms would include which of the following? Select all that apply. 1. Fever. 2. Rash. 3. Oliguria. 4. Hypotension. 5. Chills.
134
13. Which of the following can be manifestations of leukemia in a child? Select all that apply. 1. Leg pain. 2. Fever. 3. Excessive weight gain. 4. Bruising. 5. Enlarged lymph nodes.
1245
A child is receiving chemotherapy for a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). e nurse monitors the child for which of the following common side e ects? Select all that apply. 1. Malaise 2. Alopecia 3. Priapism 4. Anorexia 5. Epistaxis
1245
14. Which of the following can lead to a possible diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a child? Select all that apply. 1. Repeated respiratory infections. 2. Intermittent diarrhea. 3. Excessive weight gain. 4. Irregular heartbeat. 5. Poor weight gain.
125
20. A nurse instructs the parent of a child with sickle cell anemia about factors that might precipitate a pain crisis in the child. Which of the following factors identified by the parent as being able to cause a pain crisis indicates a need for further instruction? 1. Infection. 2. Overhydration. 3. Stress at school. 4. Cold environment.
134
23. The parent of a child with hemophilia is asking the nurse what caused the hemophilia. Which is the nurse's best response? 1. It is an X-linked dominant disorder. 2. It is an X-linked recessive disorder. 3. It is an autosomal dominant disorder. 4. It is an autosomal recessive disorder.
2
29. Which of the following should the nurse expect to administer to a child with ITP and a platelet count of 5000/mm3? 1. Platelets. 2. Intravenous immunoglobulin. 3. Packed red blood cells. 4. White blood cells.
2
30. Which test provides a definitive diagnosis of aplastic anemia? 1. Complete blood count with differential. 2. Bone marrow aspiration. 3. Serum IgG levels. 4. Basic metabolic panel.
2
33. The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old with leukemia who is receiving chemotherapy. The child is on neutropenic precautions. Friends of the child come to the desk and ask for a vase for flowers. Which of the following is the best response? 1. "I will get you a special vase that we use on this unit." 2. "The flowers from your garden are beautiful but should not be placed in the room at this time." 3. "As soon as I can wash a vase, I will put the flowers in it and bring it to the room." 4. "Get rid of the flowers immediately. You could harm the child."
2
41. Which of the following is the best method to prevent the spread of infection to an immunosuppressed child? 1. Administer antibiotics prophylactically to the child. 2. Have people wash their hands prior to contact with the child. 3. Assign the same nurses to care for the child each day. 4. Limit visitors to family members only.
2
46. A child has completed treatment for leukemia and comes to the clinic with the parents for a checkup. The parents express to the nurse that they are glad their child has been cured of cancer and is safe from getting cancer later in life. Which of the following should the nurse consider in responding? 1. Childhood cancer usually instills immunity to all other cancers. 2. Children surviving one cancer are at higher risk for a second cancer. 3. The child may have a remission of the leukemia but is immune to all other cancers. 4. As long as the child continues to take steroids, there will be no other cancers.
2
54. What are the clinical manifestations of non-Hodgkin lymphoma? 1. Basically the same as those in Hodgkin disease. 2. Depends on the anatomical site and extent of involvement. 3. Those that affect the abdomen, as non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a fast-growing cancer in very young children. 4. Changes that occur in the lower extremities.
2
60. The parent of a 2-year-old who is HIV+ questions the nurse about placing the child in day care. Which of the following is the best response? 1. The child should not go to day care until older, because there is a high risk for transmission of the disease. 2. The child can be admitted to day care without restrictions and should be allowed to participate in all activities. 3. The child can go to day care but should avoid physical activity. 4. The child may go to day care, but the parent must inform all the parents at the day care that the child is HIV+.
2
A 16-year-old male has hemophilia A. e nurse is assessing the actions performed by the family when administering the teen's medications. Which of the following actions would the nurse expect to see? 1. His mother draws up the factor replacement into a syringe. 2. The young man washes his hands carefully and puts on sterile gloves. 3. The missing factor is infused every night while the teen sleeps. 4. Anti brinolytic medication is taken before each factor infusion.
2
A toddler has been diagnosed with iron-de ciency anemia. Which of the following information should the nurse educate the parents regarding medication administration? 1. Add the iron elixir to his morning bottle. 2. Have the child drink orange juice right a er he takes his medicine. 3. Administer the medicine right before his meals. 4. Crush the tablets and mix the medicine with his applesauce.
2
39. The nurse receives a call from a parent of a child with leukemia in remission. The parent says the child has been exposed to chickenpox. The child has never had chickenpox. Which of the following responses is most appropriate for the nurse? 1. "You need to monitor the child's temperature frequently and call back if the temperature is greater than 101°F (38.3°C)." 2. "At this time there is no need to be concerned." 3. "You need to bring the child to the clinic for a chickenpox immunoglobulin vaccine." 4. "Your child will need to be isolated for the next 2 weeks."
3
47. A teen is seen in clinic for a possible diagnosis of Hodgkin disease. The nurse is aware that which of the following symptoms should make the physicians suspect Hodgkin disease? 1. Fever, fatigue, and pain in the joints. 2. Anorexia with weight loss. 3. Enlarged, painless, and movable lymph nodes in the cervical area. 4. Enlarged liver with jaundice.
3
52. The parent of a child diagnosed with Wilms tumor asks the nurse what the treatment plan will be. The nurse explains the usual protocol for this condition. Which information should the nurse give to the parent? 1. The child will have chemotherapy and, after that has been completed, radiation. 2. The child will need to have surgery to remove the tumor. 3. The child will go to surgery for removal of the tumor and the kidney and will then start chemotherapy. 4. The child will need radiation and later surgery to remove the tumor.
3
A 12-week-gestation African American woman asks her obstetrician's nurse whether her baby could be born with sickle cell disease. Which of the following replies is appropriate for the nurse to give? 1. It is possible because one out of every 500 African Americans is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia. 2. If either you or the baby's father has sickle cell anemia, your child may be born with the disease. 3. e baby could only have sickle cell anemia if both you and the baby's father carry a sickle cell gene. 4. If the child is a boy, he could have sickle cell anemia, but if the child is a girl, she will de nitely be healthy.
3
22. Which of the following will be abnormal in a child with the diagnosis of hemophilia? 1. Platelet count. 2. Hemoglobin level. 3. White blood cell count. 4. Partial thromboplastin time.
4
24. Which of the following measures should the nurse teach the parent of a child with hemophilia to do first if the child sustains an injury to a joint causing bleeding? 1. Give the child a dose of Tylenol. 2. Immobilize the joint, and elevate the extremity. 3. Apply heat to the area. 4. Administer factor per the home-care protocol.
4
34. The nurse is discharging a child who has just received chemotherapy for neuroblastoma. Which of the following statements made by the child's parent indicates a need for additional teaching? 1. "I will inspect the skin often for any lesions." 2. "I will do mouth care daily and monitor for any mouth sores." 3. "I will wash my hands before caring for my child." 4. "I will take a rectal temperature daily and report a temperature greater than 101°F (38.3°C) immediately to the physician."
4
35. Which intervention should be implemented after a bone marrow aspiration? 1. Ask the child to remain in a supine position. 2. Place the child in an upright position for 4 hours. 3. Keep the child nothing by mouth for 6 hours. 4. Administer analgesics as needed for pain.
4
37. A child with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy and is complaining of nausea. The nurse has been giving the scheduled antiemetic. Which of the following should the nurse do when the child is nauseated? 1. Encourage low-protein foods. 2. Encourage low-caloric foods. 3. Offer the child's favorite foods. 4. Offer cool, clear liquids.
4
44. Prednisone is given to children who are being treated for leukemia. Why is this medication given as part of the treatment plan? 1. Enhances protein metabolism. 2. Enhances sodium excretion. 3. Increases absorption of the chemotherapy. 4. Destroys abnormal lymphocytes.
4
58. Which of the following laboratory tests will be ordered to determine the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus antigen in an infant whose parent is HIV+? 1. CD4 cell count. 2. Western blot. 3. IgG levels. 4. p24 antigen assay.
4
