Hemingway Midterm Quotes

i was always embarrassed by the phrases sacred, in vain...only numbers had dignity" "nothing ever happens to the brave, they only die once" "we could feel alone when we were together, alone from others...if people bring so much courage in the world the world has to kill them to break them" "I'm not brave anymore I am broken"

A farewell to arms. (1st quote) Henry saying that words can be lies and can divide people and can convince people to do things against their interests; concrete reality of individual life and neighborhoods counteract this. (2nd quote) It's not bravery to not be afraid, but rather to be aware of your circumstances and be afraid ands till take action and go on (whether in battlefield or relationship) (3rd quote) It foreshadows Catherine's death. It feels so perfect that he worries it will go away (4th quote) Catherine while in labor at hospital on gas.

"it's a dirty trick"

A farewell to arms. Catherine's last words, says she does not fear death. Significance: It's a dirty trick that the soldier survives the war just for the wife to die in childbirth (relates to in another country, with the major losing his wife after the war) Trick is the exchange of her and the child (who she thinks is alive) It is the fruit of their love that causes her death (dirty trick); something that should be natural that kills

we're all cooked

A farewell to arms. Highlights the fixed nature of life; how there is no winner in war.

soldiers pregnant with bullets

A farewell to arms. implicates that war perverts nature or is natural. Links with childbirth deaths at end of film (war permeating through everything).

"'Nothing ever happens to the brave.' 'I don't know...the brave dies perhaps two thousand deaths if he's intelligent. He simply doesn't mention them...Im not [brave]."

AFTA. After Catherine tells Frederick that she is pregnant, Frederick says that nothing ever happens to the brave and they only die once, while Catherine disagrees and says that they die 2000 deaths and that she is not brave. Her point is that life is fixed regardless, and so the brave and cowards die the same. She also foreshadows her death.

"Two more shots came from the thick brush and Aymo, as he was crossing the tracks, lurched, tripped and fell face down...'they weren't Germans,' I said... 'Italians,' Piani said...We are in more danger from Italians than Germans...the killing came suddenly and unreasonably"

AFTA. Aymo's death by friendly fire. His death is not glamorous. Depicts systematic failure of Italian army and Frederick losing faith in purpose of war, blurring the lines between allies and foe.

"Id rather take a chance. If you get through pay me all you can"

AFTA. Barman, after helping Frederick avoid arrest. He places a bet for more value, treating life like a game he can fix.

"Please look the other way, darling, I"ll be dressed in a minute" "But you're different. I'm having a child and that makes me contented to do anything...I think you ought to get away so you won't be tired of me" "We knew the baby was very close and it gave us both a feeling as though something were hurrying us and we could not lose any time together"

AFTA. Catherine asking Frederick to turn away so he cannot see her baby bump. She is ashamed of the pregnancy and afraid that it will change their two-person young independence, placing obligations onto them.

"I never felt like a w[h]ore before"

AFTA. Catherine feels immoral for being pregnant but not married.

"Im afraid of the rain because sometimes I see me dead in it"

AFTA. Catherine has nightmare of being dead in rain. Rain appears in death scenes at war, after childbirth etc, acting as foreshadowing.

"I want what you want...There isn't any me anymore" "I couldn't be any more married"

AFTA. Catherine saying her desires are whatever Frederick wants. This repeats throughout novel, highlighting her loss of agency, furthered by her pregnancy. Other quote deals with the novel's thoughts on marriages (not practical due to the war, nurse Catherine would be sent away if word got out; and yet cannot have a baby for an unmarried couple)

"You won't mind being arrested after breakfast...Oh let's not talk about it. Let's be happy"

AFTA. Catherine seeking to push off reality of Frederick's arrest to enjoy last bit of independence before restricting birth of child (restricting mobility like an arrest)

"I had expected to become more devout as I grow older but somehow I haven't"

AFTA. Count Greffi talks about his disillusionment from religion due to random, unrelenting horrors of war that make it hard to believe in a benevolent god.

"I leaned forward in the dark to kiss her and there was a sharp stinging flash...I felt I had a certain advantage...I was angry and yet certain, seeing it all ahead like the moves in a chess game" "I knew I did not love Catherine Barkely nor had any idea of loving her. This was a game, like bridge...Nobody had mentioned what the stakes were. It was alright with me"

AFTA. Frederick advances on Catherine and views their relationship like a game. Significant in showing him not recognizing the stakes of their relationship and what will come from it. Within the metaphor of a game, it further shows that the game of life is fixed.

"The number five won but did not pay anything. Mr Meyers was angry"

AFTA. Frederick describes how Mr. Meyers was upset about not winning anything despite fixing the horse race. It represents how life is fixed from the start, and you cannot prevent it. Life is not fair, and what you put up is not always what you get in return, just like in war.

"I was always embarrassed by the words sacred, glorious, and sacrifice and the expression in vain...abstract words such as glory, honor, courage, or hallow were obscene beside the concrete names of villages, the numbers of roads, the names of rivers, the numbers of regiments and the dates"

AFTA. Frederick despises glamorizing war, since these ideals can cause senseless sacrifice and bloodshed from believers. Concrete things are real and reveal the actual effects of war (who is hurt by it)

"They were beaten when they took them from their farms and put them the army. That is why the peasant has wisdom, because he is defeated from the start...I don't believe in victory anymore"

AFTA. Frederick explains how no one profits from the war, the priest then agrees that there is no victory. Theme of war and life being fixed, war wronging everyday people.

"I had no feeling for him. He did not seem to have anything to do with me. I felt no feeling of fatherhood...he looked like a skinned rabbit"

AFTA. Frederick feels ambivalent to stillborn child's birth. It reveals his view of the child: as an obstacle for his and Catherine's lives together.

"'Did you do any heroic act?'' 'No. I was blown up eating cheese'"

AFTA. Frederick insists to Rinaldi that he is not a hero for being wounded, unwilling to glamorize war

"'Why did you do it?' 'I don't know. There isn't always an explanation for everything'"

AFTA. Frederick is asked by nurse why he volunteered to war. He does not know, and the theme of things not being easily explained appears (war atrocities). May have volunteered to prove masculinity.

"And this was the price you paid for sleeping together. This was the end of the trap. This is what people got for loving each other...You never got away with anything. Get away hell!...What reason is there for her to die?" "You died. You did not know what it was about. You never had time to learn...Or they killed you gratuitously like Aymo. Or gave you syphilis like Rinaldi. But they killed you in the end. You could count on that."

AFTA. Frederick laments Catherine's pain as she undergoes childbirth complications. He realizes the randomness of death in life, and the costs he must pay now for his actions that he hadn't considered before. The inevitability and unfairness of death.

"We stood in the rain and were taken out one at a time to be questioned and shot...The questioners had the beautiful detachment and devotion of stern justice of men dealing with death without being in danger of it" "Anger was washed away in the river along with any obligations...that life was over"

AFTA. Frederick rounded up with others for suspected German spies, again reflecting failure of Italian army and paranoia. Frederick disillusioned by following orders now, and decides to desert and become a new man in the process (with a new higher purpose: Catherine)

"I order you to come back to the car and cut brush'...The one sergeant turned...'Halt' I said...They went a little faster. I opened up my holster, took the pistol, aimed at the one who had talked the most, and fired" "I never killed anybody in this war, and all my life Ive wanted to kill a sergeant"

AFTA. Frederick shoots at deserters. Shows his prioritization of military duty above all else. Depicts ugliness of war as he kills his own men rather than the enemy. Ironically, he deserts himself in the following chapter, losing faith in Italian army. (2nd quote) Bonello.

"Let's drop the war"

AFTA. Frederick talking to Catherine. The irony is that it cannot be dropped; the war permeates throughout nature and their relationship.

"We could feel alone when we were together, alone against others...But we were never lonely and never afraid when we were together...If people bring so much courage to this world the world has to kill them to break them, so of course it kills them...It kills the very good and the very gentle and the very brave impartially. If you are none of this you can be sure that it will kill you too but there will be no special hurry" "My life used to be full of everything...Now if you aren't with me I haven't a thing in the world"

AFTA. Frederick talks about feeling attached and courageous and whole being with Catherine, foreshadowing their relationship's eventual ending. He acknowledges that everyone dies regardless of their character, noticing the fixed and random nature of war and of life.

"'Don't talk about the war.' I said. The war was a long way away. Maybe there wasn't any war. There was no war here"

AFTA. Frederick tells a barman not to discuss the war. He seeks to escape war but realizes that the war is everywhere, permeating everyday conversation and customs. He seeks to deny this but is unable to do so.

"When I saw her I was in love with her...I was crazy about her"

AFTA. Frederick's response to seeing Catherine for the first time since his injury. Reflects that his love for her is a fear of being alone and losing her, wanting something after the war.

"There is nothing worse than war"

AFTA. Passini argues with other soldiers over whether war is worse than defeat and capture. He presents an honest account of war shortly before his death by artillery fire.

"'When you love you wish to do things for. You wish to sacrifice for. You wish to serve.' 'I don't love.' 'You will...Then you will be happy"

AFTA. Priest telling wounded Frederick what love is, and telling him that he will love one day. He provides an alternative to war, something else worthy to serve for.

"I never think. No, by God, I never think; I operate"

AFTA. Rinaldi disillusioned by war and unlike priest doesn't have god to fall back on

"'Is she good to you practically speaking?' 'Shut up'"

AFTA. Rinaldi jokes about Frederick and Catherine having sex, but Frederick views it as a sacred thing not to talk about. Reflects his desires to assert his masculinity.

"I would like you to visit Abruzzi and see my family"

AFTA. The priest provides Frederick with an alternative to drinking and sex--a more rewarding, meaningful alternative from the war.

"Use no superfluous words, no adjectives (29) "Symbols first must be natural... (29) All writers are liars...if they knew that it would cheer some of them up (18)

All from Paris Years. (1st quote) His craft is influenced by Ezra Pound (2nd quote) Symbols in his work might represent something bigger, but they also are exactly what they naturally/physically are (objective correlative) (3rd quote) The only writing that was good is what you made up...reinvented to produce an even greater truth than the facts

a farewell to arms additional quotes

End of chapter 1: Soldiers described as pregnant with ammunition -Links birth/creation with death; giving birth to death Perversion of natural world; or is war natural and has become nature Priest in frederick talk in hospital about love: frederick says he can't have it but priest says he will one day (highlights theme of not being able to put certain things into words) -Frederick describes his relationship with Catherine as a game (akin to war with a winner and loser) -Chpt 15: Henry says he can't be in bed for 6 months not because he cannot fight, but because he feels impotent (doctor then proceeds to womanize him and kiss him) -Chapter 25: henry won't tolerate being teased for being in love, considers sexual relationship with Catherine a sacred topic that Rinaldi cant approach -Chpt 29: Henry shoots at deserting sargeants; opportunity to prove masculinity -"Biological entrapment" and calling herself a "w[h]ore" - having a child outside of marriage serves as a constant reminder for Catherine that their relationship is not socially acceptable -Chpt 19: Catherine fears rain because she sees herself dead in it -Chpt 30: cold water in river takes henry away from danger (when escaping firing squad) When emerging from the river, henry decides that he is done with the war (his life is saved and he is reborn) -Chpt 29: henry and Bonello shoot the sargeants refusing orders (Loss of sensitivity and morality (lack of remorse expressed after unjustified violence that has become typical during wartime); Henry prioritizes following military orders over morality, and yet he deserts shortly later due to failure of Italian army. Insignificance of religion - ties back to role of the priest; Soldiers don't worry about the consequences of their actions due to lack of faith) -Chpt 30: Aymo dies (More blunt language - no superfluous words. Futility of Aymo's death: not romanticized in any way (he dies from friendly fire, shortly after his death everyone else finds safety). Mirrors when Henry won't romanticize or heroically describe his injury to Rinaldi) -Frederick quote on stakes: stakes, bridge, - says he didn't need to know the stakes but they were pretty high by the end of the novel (didn't realize consequences for sex with Catherine)

"But there was no need to be ashamed of tears, for tears bore witness that a man had the greatest of courage, the courage to suffer, only few men realize that"

H on courage. Courage is not the lack of fear, but how you behave in the face of your own fear and danger

"His curiosity had been gone for a long time"

Indian Camp. Describes Nick's disillusionment from his father's operation and the pains of childbirth, already exposed to violence that takes away his innocence and curiosity.

"No i think it's pretty easy"

Indian Camp. Nick's father tells Nick that dying is usually pretty easy when asked, following the man's suicide. Its meaning is ambivalent: it can be seen as a statement that living is hard in itself, or it may be a parent reassuring their child.

"her screams are not important...I don't hear them"

Indian Camp. The doctor/Nick's father tells Nick that the Native American woman, who screams in labor, does not need anesthesia since her pain does not matter or affect the operation. This is significant in reflecting the doctor's viewpoints on violence: it is normalized, bringing war's bloodshed into a domestic space. It also dehumanizes the woman, valuing a perceived greater duty (such as fighting for one's country) over her sacrifice itself.

"Isn't it pretty to think so?"

Jake's last line in the sun also rises. It shows a self awareness of Jake, but does it suggest that anything changed? Depicts, Hopelessness; hopes and dreams can't be fulfilled. Jake finally accepts that they cannot be together

"None of them minded anything once they got off the pier" "The worst thing was ... how they screamed every night at midnight. I do not know why they started screaming. We were in the harbor and they were on the pier and at midnight they started screaming." "You remember the harbor. There were plenty of nice things floating around it. That was the only time in my life I got so I dreamed about things." "those women only need a dark place and a blanket" "The Greeks were nice chaps too. When they evacuated they had all their baggage animals they couldn't take off with them, so they just broke their forelegs and dumped them in the shallow water."

On the Quai at Smyrna. (1st quote) The narrator describes the refugees not minding poor conditions after the war. It describes what war and displacement does to people, as if the refugees soon adopt the narrator's viewpoints once they are off the pier like him. Other quotes: Reflects the narrators' perspective on the normalization of dehumanizing violence

The Sun Also Rises additional quotes

Paris years 309: hemingway related to Jake (hemingway tried to differentiate himself from Jake but sometimes it might seep through) Page 67: count talks about values; Bill wanting stuffed toy and calls it an exchange of values (Jake would want life to be a simple change of values but it isn't) Jake (quote on always getting the bill from relationship with Brett) realizes he is paying but not getting anything out of his relationship with Brett

"He was the best-looking boy I have ever seen" "I've never felt such a bitch...Please stay by me and see me through this" "Why don't you see when you're not wanted?" "He has been behaving so badly." "He didn't say much, but he kept getting up and getting knocked down again. Cohn couldn't knock him out" "and finally the crowd were actively against him" "he became one with the bull"

TSAR. 1st is Jake referring to Romero. 2nd is Brett talking to Jake about cheating with Romero. 3rd and 4th are Mike and Brett talking about Robert. 5th is Bill referring to Romero getting beaten by Robert (he took it with grace, remained upright projecting ideal masculinity unlike Jake). 6th refers to Belmonte. 7th refers to Romero; homoerotic bullfighting theme.

"I overtipped him. That made him happy. It felt comfortable to be in a country where it is so simple to make people happy. You can never tell whether a Spanish waiter will thank you. Everything is on such a clear financial basis in France. It is the simplest country to live in. No one makes things complicated by becoming your friend for any obscure reason. If you want people to like you you have only to spend a little money. I spent a little money and the waiter liked me. He appreciated my valuable qualities."

TSAR. Back in France, Jake compares it to Spain and appreciates that he knows what he will get from what he puts into it. Irony in implicating an exchange-based friendship is genuine.

"I'm fonder of you than anybody on earth. I couldn't tell you that in New York. It'd mean I was a f[a]ggot"

TSAR. Bill telling Jake his affections for him while fishing. Continues a homosexual theme throughout the story, something unmentioned like Jake's impotency.

"one generation passeth away, and another cometh; but the earth abideth forever...the sun also ariseth"

TSAR. Ecclesiastes quote based on the novels title. Describes the ever-changing nature of the world; rather than view the lost generation as a permanent mark, it recognizes the changing nature of life.

"Romero's bullfighting gave real emotion, because he kept the absolute purity of lines in his movements"

TSAR. Jake compliments Romero as a good bullfighter for not having to emphasize the closeness to him and the bulls, just smoothly maneuvering around them. Romero exemplifies grace under pressure.

"Of all the ways to be wounded. I suppose it was funny"

TSAR. Jake discusses his injured penis. The repetition of the word funny emphasizes his avoidance from the traumatic experience.

"Well, that meant San Sebastian all shot to hell. I suppose, vaguely, I had expected something of that sort...Send a girl off with one man. Introduce her to another and go off with him. Now go and bring him back. Sign the wire with love"

TSAR. Jake gets Brett's telegram asking him to travel back to hotel Montoya in Madrid to be with her for emotional support, ending his relaxing beach stay there similar to how she ended his fishing trip with Bill through her telegram. He begins to realize how she takes advantage of him.

"Cohn looked up as I went in. His face was white. Why did he sit there? Why did he keep taking it like that?

TSAR. Jake is annoyed at Robert for not talking back to Frances when she ranted about him leaving her for Brett. He hates people who are passive and just take things rather than show grace under pressure (ironic due to his own passivity towards Brett's desires)

"Women made such swell friends... you had to be in love with a woman to have a basis of friendship. I had been having Brett for a friend. I had not been thinking about her side of it. I had been getting something for nothing. That only delayed the presentation of the bill. The bill always came. That was one of the swell things you could count on. I thought I had paid for everything. ...Just exchange of values. You gave up something and got something else...Enjoying living was learning to get your money's worth and knowing when you had it. You could get your money's worth. The world was a good place to buy in. It seemed like a fine philosophy. In five years, I thought, it will seem just as silly as all the other fine philosophies I've had."

TSAR. Jake realizing that life is an exchange of values, and he had been viewing his relationship with Brett differently from her, so he would get something different from it. He knew he would eventually have to pay the cost of loving someone who cannot love him back.

"It was like the certain dinners I remember from the war. There was much wine, an ignored tension, and a feeling of things coming that you could not prevent happening"

TSAR. Jake recalls the dinner after Mike and Robert first verbally fight. He talks about the issues of alienation stemming from not directly confronting the issue at hand.

"He always smiled as thought bull-fighting were a very special secret between the two of us; a rather shocking but really very deep secret that we knew about. He always smiled as though there were something lewd about the secret to outsiders, but that it was something that we understood. It would not do to expose it to people who would not understand"

TSAR. Jake referring to his relationship with Montoya; the two of them know bullfighting well. It is coded for homosexuality.

"And there's not a damn thing we can do about it...Don't we pay for all the things we do though?"

TSAR. Jake says there is nothing he and Brett can do about his impotency (they can't have sex and thus cannot be together in their eyes). Brett brings up the theme of getting for what you pay for (regarding romance, love) and how you should get for what you pay for.

"She touched me with one hand and I put her hand away" "I had picked her up because of some vague sentimental idea that it would be nice to eat with someone...I had forgotten how dull it can be"

TSAR. Jake stops Georgette's advance. It hints at his inability to emotionally open up, and more directly references his physical impotency.

"Listen, Robert, going to another country doesn't make any difference. I've tried all that. You can't get away from yourself by moving from one place to another. There's nothing to that."

TSAR. Jake tells Robert he doesn't want to go to South America. Significant in emphasizing Jake's sense of alienation.

"Is Robert Cohn going to follow Brett around like a steer all the time?"

TSAR. Mike drunkenly insults Robert. Group dynamics related to bulls (Mike, Bill), bullfighters (Brett), and steers (Jake and Robert)

"That is the secret. You must get to know the values."

TSAR. The Count explains that he is happy in life because he knows the values. He knows what he puts in to get what he wants--this is different from Jake, Brett and the other characters, who feel as if they put in more than they get and are unhappy because of that imbalanced exchange.

"the doctor was very uncomfortable...'if you think the logs are stolen, take your stuff and get out'...he liked to get into fights. He was happy...Then he turned away and walked up the hill to the cottage. They could see how angry he was" "her husband did not answer. He was sitting on his bed now, cleaning a shotgun. He pushed the magazine full of heavy shells and pumped them out again...then put the shotgun in the corner"

The doctor and the doctor's wife. (1st group of quotes) Shows Boulton calling out the doctor for stealing lumber, and then the doctor being impotent and backing down from a fight (2nd group of quotes) The doctor loading and unloading shotgun to feel powerful, but ultimately does not do anything

"I've taught you everything"

The end of something. Nick is telling Marjorie he isn't surprised that she knows how to fish. He is emasculated by the relationship similar to Hemingway himself, implicating a reason for it ending.

"I can't stand to think about him waiting in the room and knowing he's going to get it. It's too damned awful." "You better not think about it" "There isn't anything I can o about it...I'm through with all that running around"

The killers. (1st quote) Nick talking to George is upset at Ole Anderson's lack go agency when told about the killers. H writing about grace under pressure and not being passive; condemns men who "can't stand it." (2nd quote) George telling Nick not to think about Ole Anderson's predicament. Implies ignoring deaths of WW1, highlights theme of passivity and lacking grace under pressure. (3rd quote) Ole Anderson tells Nick that he won't do anything about the fact that he has assassins after him. Themes of life being fixed and death being inevitable, lacking agency to act under pressure.

"The American lady was a little deaf and she was afraid that perhaps the signals of departure were and that she did not hear them" "the train passed a farmhouse burning...Many pope were watching the house burn" "American men make the best husbands" "Two years ago this fall. It's her, you know, that I'm taking the canary to" "We were returning to Paris to set up separate residences"

a canary for one. (1st quote) The American woman critical of foreigners is deaf and afraid the train will crash. Highlights stupidity of xenophobia and her lack of emotional awareness or perception. (2nd quote) The train passes a burning farmhouse, which symbolizes domestic dysfunction. (3rd quote) The American woman says that American men are the best husbands, while foreigners cannot be trusted. The story's ending ironically contradicts this, pointing at blinding nature of American exceptionalism (4th quote) The American woman gets her daughter (whom she prevented from marrying the foreigner man she loved) a canary. It is obviously a gift that won't heal her, and the caged bird is an objective correlative for the daughter herself. (5th quote) The closing line. It reveals the irony that the American couple did not work out, and will live separately in a foreign country.

"and finally wrote to the States that there's had been only a boy and girl affair" "The major did not marry her in the spring...Luz never got an answer to the letter...A short time after he contracted gonorrhea from a sales girl...while riding in a taxicab"

a very short story. (1st quote) Luz telling the narrator that their relationship wasn't that serious, is ending. It is significant in mirroring H's own life experiences, showing downfall of passivity from narrator (does not seem masculine or with agency). (2nd quote). Depicts narrator after hearing about Luz getting gonorrhea in taxi. Representative of his downfall--story starts on rooftop and ends on street level with STD.

"As he watched them they changed their positions by quick angles, only to hold steady in the fast water again. Nick watched them a long time" "Seney was burned, the country was burned over and changed, but it did not matter. It could not all be burned. He knew that" "The grasshopper was black...he realized that they had all turned black from living in the burned-over land...he wondered how long they would stay that way" "Now it was done. It had been a hard trip. He was very tired. That was done. He had made his camp. He was settled. Nothing could touch him. It was a good place to camp...He was in his home where he had made it"

big two hearted river pt 1. (1st quote) Nick observes trout. He admires their perseverance, seeing the trout as what he needs to do. He admires the simplicity of nature. (2nd quote). Nick walks through the burned town. It marks the emotional destruction of WW1 that he needs to face before he can reintegrate into society. (3rd quote) The black grasshoppers are an objective correlative, giving Nick an example of something that adapted to adverse circumstances (4th quote) The routine and simplicity of the camp returns Nick to a good place, mirrors him following orders again, creates a safe place outside of society so he can work on himself.

"the rod came alive and dangerous" "There were plenty of days coming when he could fish in the swamp"

big two hearted river pt 2. (1st quote) Nick hooks and attempts to reel a fish. The rod's personification implies that Nick and the fish become one, and through their competitive sport test each other's resolve under pressure. (2nd quote) Nick stops fishing but agrees to fish the swamp someday. The swamp is an objective correlative for the murkiness of everyday society, or the troubles within himself, that he is willing to confront one day.

Quote on the fishing rod bending alive

big two hearted river. The quote it is not meant to be brutal senseless violence but rather a connection that the fish and Nick have; the experience confers true value on the person and the animal (both are intimately involved in the rush of the experience) The chance of failure is the thing that makes the sport a sport (provides an exhilarating test) Note to self: Look over "some quotes about hemingway's style" handout

"the wife liked him. She liked the serious way he received any complaints. She liked his dignity. She liked the way he wanted to serve her" "I want to eat at a table with my own silver and I want candles. And I want it to be Spring... - Oh shut up and get something to read, George said. He was reading again"

cat in the rain. (1st quote). American wife talking to concierge about getting cat from rain. She appreciates his service to her since her husband ignores her; implies unsatisfying relationship (2nd quote) American wife tells George her wishes. Him ignoring her can be seen as infantilizing her or mistreating her; or, her desires such as for spring can be seen as unreasonable.

"There isn't any good in promising" "Yes. Now"

cross country snow. (1st quote) Nick telling Bill there is no point in promising to each other that they will ski again, showing recognition of life's inevitable obligations. (2nd quote) Nick when asked if he is excited about being a father soon; implies Nick wasn't happy about the pregnancy at first and feels stuck due to life's obligations

"They look like white elephants" "It's really an awfully simple operation, Jig...just to let the air in...perfectly natural" "'We can have the whole world.' 'No we can't...It isn't ours anymore'" "There's nothing wrong with me. I feel fine"

hills like white elephants. (1st quote) Jig the woman refers to the hills around them at train station as white elephants, which can either be a trivial thing that is hard to get rid of, or a sacred animal in other cultures. (2nd quote). The man tells the woman to get an abortion since it is easy to get. He does not consider the emotional difficulty of the decision to terminate the fetus's life, and merely sees it as an obstacle for their current worldly lifestyle, while it means more for the woman. (3rd quote). The woman tells the man that the world isn't just for the two of them anymore. She realizes the gravity of the decision: either the three of them, or she terminates a fetus's life. (4th quote) The woman tells the man, as the train soon arrives after he had left her to get the bags, that she feels fine. Ambivalent: could mean she doesn't see the baby as an issue anymore (and wants to keep it)

"I can't resign myself" "The doctor...brought a photograph which showed a hand that had been withered almost as small as the major's, before it had taken a machine course, and after it was a little larger" "I said that I had been given the medals because I was an American. After that their manner changed a little toward me...I was a friend, but I was never really one of them...because it had been different with them and they had done very different things to get their medals. I had been wounded" but "it was an accident" "The three with medals were like hunting-hawks; and I was not a hawk, although I might seem a hawk to those who had never hunted; they, the three, knew better and so we drifted apart" "In front of the machines the major used were three photographs of hands like his that were completely restored. I do not know where the doctor got them. I always understood we were the first to use the machines. The photographs did not make much difference to the major"

in another country. (1st quote) Said by the major regarding his wife's sudden death from pneumonia. Major says he can't express grace under pressure but it is hard to judge his bravery; he expresses bravery through living (2nd and last quotes) Doctor shows wounded soldiers fake photos implying their wounds can heal. It shows skepticism from soldiers in their ability to heal emotionally from war. (3rd and 4th quotes) Narrator grows apart from other soldiers, is not a hawk like them, since his injury was from accident rather bravery. He laments that he did not get the opportunity to demonstrate bravery and prove masculinity, unable to prove himself.

"Mr. and Mrs. Elliot tried very hard to have a baby" "he had kept himself really straight for her" "Mrs. Elliot became much brighter after her girlfriend came" "Eliot had taken to drinking white wine and lived apart in his own room. He wrote a great deal of poetry during the night...Mrs. Elliot and her girlfriend slept together now...and they were all quite happy"

mr and mrs Elliot. They are content with their relationship despite inability to have kids and emotional disconnect. Eliot turns to poetry for fulfillment, while mrs Elliot turns to another woman, both seeking fulfillment outside of disappointing sex and relationship itself. Them being happy satirically criticizes mr. Elliot for being emasculated, makes fun of victorian sexual standards, implicates homosexuality.

"I didn't see how anybody could call my old man a son of a bitch, and get away with it...'you got to take a lot of things in this world, Joe'" "I'd forgot how much my old man had bet on Kircubbin. I'd wanted Kzar to win so damned bad...'wasn't it a swell race, dad?' He looked at me funny" "I thought, I wish I were a jockey and could have rode him instead of that son of a bitch. And that was funny, thinking of George Gardner as a son of a bitch because I'd always liked him and besides he'd given us the winner, but I guess that's what he is" "Riding for yourself makes an awful difference" "Well, Butler got his, all right...He had it coming to him on the stuff he's pulled...'Don't listen to what those bums said, Joe, your old man was one swell guy.' But I don't know. Seems like when they get started they don't leave a guy nothing"

my old man. (1st quote) Butler is insulted for fixing a race, and fails to show grace under pressure in taking it, which alienates him from his son Joe. (2nd 3rd, 4th quotes) Joe appreciates the sport and integrity of horse racing, while Butler only cares about fixing it for money, highlighting the disconnect between them. (5th quote) Men discuss Butler's death from riding Gilford, while Joe agrees with them that he had it coming. It highlights how you cannot always fix life before facing death; and yet, since he was riding Gilford cleanly then, it also expresses randomness of death. It shows disconnect again between father and son.

"I myself did not want to sleep because I had been living for a long time with the knowledge that if I ever shut my eyes in the dark and let myself go, my soul would go out of my body" "I had different ways of occupying myself while I lay awake. I would think of a trout stream" "But some nights I could not fish, and on those nights I was cold-awake and said my prayers over and over and tried to pray for all the people I had ever known" "She was standing there smiling, to meet him. My father looked at the fire and kicked at something" "You ought to get married, Signor Tenente. Then you wouldn't worry...A man ought to be married" "He was going back to America and he was very certain about marriage and knew it would fix up everything" "Finally, though, I went back to trout-fishing, because I found that I could remember all there streams and there was always something new about them, while the girls, after I had thought about them a few times, blurred...and all became rather the same"

now I lay me. (1st quote) Narrator Tenente doesn't fall asleep due to war trauma. Struggles to let things go after losing so much, traumatized after injury (perhaps while he was sleeping?) (2nd quote) Turns to trout fishing to ease him. It is outside of society and a simpler way of life, a competition between trout and man that requires physical exertion but is rewarded, unlike war (3rd quote) Tenente attempts to be religious (4th quote) narrator tells a family memory when his mom burned down what she thought was trash in the attic, while the arrowheads had sentimental value to the father. It highlights the family disconnect, lack of communication; shows that marriage does not solve everything but can be source of emotional pain just like war for Tenente. (5th and 6th quotes) Wounded soldier next to Tenente believes marriage solves everything. H suggests otherwise. (7th quote) Tenente thinks of trout fishing rather than girls when up at night since he finds it more rewarding. Girls/marriage displayed as superficial relationships that can be harmful, while trout fishing is simple and good.

"we are looking at it from different angles - it does not matter none of it does" "I can't understand a word he says. He must be drunk, isn't he?...[pages later] The young gentleman and wife understood nothing." "It doesn't make a difference. None of it makes any difference" "She went over the crest of the hill. She's gone! Peduzzi shouted. It shocked him" "'I may not be going', said the young gentleman, putting his purse back into his pocket...'Very probably not'"

out of season. (1st and 3rd quotes) wife telling husband about their differing perspectives on an issue doesn't matter. Downplaying a significant issue in their relationship, highlighting disconnect. (2nd quote) Wife discusses not understanding the guide Peduzzi, symbolizing the wife and husband's own disconnect (4th quote) Wife leaves fishing expedition, symbolic of leaving dysfunctional relationship. (5th quote) Young gentleman gives tour guide money despite not wanting to join him for fishing tomorrow. Important in showing that he enjoyed the time he spent drinking to escape the strains of his marriage, while knowing it is hopeless to try with the three of them again.

"to be listened to at all he had to lie" "Vaguely he wanted a girl but he did not want to work for them" "He did not want any consequences. He did not want any consequences ever again. He wanted to live without any consequences. Besides he did not really need a girl. The army taught him that." "Your father is worried too, he thinks you have lost your ambition...Don't you love your mother dear boy? No, he said. I don't love anybody" "He had tried so to keep his life from being complicated...He had felt sorry for his mother and she had made him lie"

soldier's home. (1st quote) Krebs realizing he has to be dishonest to be able to be heard and talk about war. Reflects superficial nature of post-war American society, alienation after war. (2nd quote). Krebs doesn't want the emotional commitment of a girlfriend. Afraid to invest in something due to the possibility of losing it (3rd and 4th quote as well). (4th-5th quotes) Krebs tells his mother he doesn't love her, then lies to make her feel better when she cries. He lacks ambition post-war, is too afraid to commit himself to anything and risk losing it.

"he felt hollow and happy inside himself to be teased about Prudence Mitchell" "You better watch out to keep Prudie, Nick" "She was in the woods with Frank Washburn. I ran into them. They were having quite the time...'were they happy?' 'I guess so'" "he was awake a long time before he remembered that his heart was broken"

ten indians. (1st quote) Nick talking about how he feels in wagon with Garners. It reflects a nostalgic happiness, feeling empty but happy because of it, happy but aware that its temporary (having Prudence) (2nd quote) Joe Garner tells Nick that girls leave often, so watch out. (3rd quote) Nick's father tells him that he saw Prudence and a man Frank Washburn together, while Nick shows his innocence and youth in trying to understand it. (4th quote) Nick wakes up the next day and forgets about Prudence altogether for awhile. It shows that he is already getting used to dealing with loss, or that he is too young to fully understand it yet.

"It isn't fun anymore"

the end of something. Nick telling Marjorie, as they sit apart watching the moon by the abandoned mill after fishing, that he doesn't enjoy their relationship anymore.

"the fruit had been picked and the wind blew through the fall trees" "he was also being consciously practical" "his face looked strange. He smiled at the face in the mirror and it grinned back at him...it was not his face but it didn't make a difference" "Once a man's married he's absolutely bitched said Bill...Nick said nothing" "you might get back into it again...he felt happy now. there was not anything that was irrevocable...still he could always go into town"

the three day blow. (1st quote) Wind describing blowing leaves off a tree like how quickly Nick and Marjorie's relationship ended. (2nd quote) theme of Nick being practical as in avoiding letting drunk thoughts get out on Marjorie, perhaps avoiding repressed homosexuality (3rd quote- be careful because AFTA or TSAR might also have similar quotes). Nick is getting a bit drunk, but also realizing that the end of relationship also marks a personal shift as well (4th quote) Bill trying to help Nick after relationship ends, but also implicates that he saw their relationship as threatening his own with Nick. (5th quote) Nick feeling better about relationship knowing that he can always meet someone else.