Hemodialysis chapters 1,2,3,and 14
What is the AAMI standard for Dialysate Condutivity (ranges)
13.0-15.5
What is the AAMI standard for Dialysate temperature (range)
34-38 C
What is the AAMI standard for Dialysate pH?
6.0-8.0 (ideally 7.2)
What is the difference between Acute and Chronic Renal failure
Acute is sudden and reversible Chronic is slow and for life
What hormone regulates the amount of water to be excreted as urine
Anti diuretic hormone
What system mixes the dialysate
Bicarbonate solution, Acid concentrate, Reverse Osmosis water
Two compartment of the dialyzer
Blood and dialysate
What is the name of the 2 compartment in the dialyzer
Blood and dialysate
Dialyer
Blood compartment (positive) Dialysate compartment (negative)
What are the 2 main leading causes of Renal Failure
Diabetes Hypertension
Causes of Chronic Renal Failure
Diabetes, Hypertension, Glomerulonephritis, polycystic disease
Hormones secreted by the kidney
Erythropoieting factor, Anti-diuretic, Remin
What is ultrafiltration and describe how it works in the Hemodialysis treatment
Filtration caused by a pressure gradient 2 sides of a porous filtering material
What is Osmosis
From area of lower concentration to an area of high particle concentration
What is the functioning unit of the Nephrone
Glomerulone
Diffusion is
Greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration.
Name the least six effects that Uremic Syndrome can have in the body
Hypertension Parlor skin Nausea Vomiting Loss of appetite Weight loss
What is the combination to take a solution
Is a combination of a solvent and solute
What is Dialysate
Is a solution in which water is the solvent and many dissolved substance such as electrolytes and glucose are present in concentration similar to the levels normally found in the pt's blood
List 3 excretory functions of a normal kidney
Maintain Fluid Balance, Electrolyte Balance, Acid
Define diffusion and describe how it works in the Hemodialysis treatment
Movement of salutes from greater concentration to less concentration
List 3 signs and symptoms of Uremic Syndrome
Nausea, vomiting, hypertension
Functional unit of the kidney
Nephron
Describe what is ultrafiltration
Pressure gradient between two sides of a porous filtering material
List the patient information that goes on a reuse label (6 things)
Pt name Reuse time Reuse date Pass or fail Number of reuses Reuse tech initial
What safety checks MUST be performed on a reuse dialyzer before initiating the Hemodialysis treatment
Pt's name Cleaned properly Sterilized and working Passed visual test
What separates the blood and dialysate containers
Semipermeable Membrane
Principles ions in body fluids
Sodium Potassium Calcium Magnesium Chloride Bicarbonate Phosphate
What electrolytes does the Dialysate concentrate contain
Sodium, calcium, potassium
Define semipermeable membrane
Thin filter that allows only particles smaller than a certain size to pass through it
What does TMP stand for and what does it mean
Transmembrane pressure Is the pressure across the dialyzer membrane
What must be checked on a dialyzer that is reused
Visually inspect the casing Label for pass or fell
Define Uremic Syndrome
Waste products build up in the body
Explain counter current flow
When blood and dialysate go in opposite directions