hesi fundamentals

A registered nurse is explaining the term "just culture" to the student nurse. Which explanation provided by the registered nurse is accurate?

"It refers to promoting open discussion whenever error occurs without fear of recrimination.

In what instances can a minor give consent for himself or herself for medical treatment? Select all that apply.

A minor can give consent for himself or herself for medical treatment if he or she has any venereal disease. A minor can give consent for himself or herself for medical treatment if he or she is lawfully married. A minor can give consent for himself or herself for any drug or substance abuse issues. A minor cannot give consent for his or her siblings. A minor can give consent for pregnancy-related issues, except abortions.

What are the instances when an adult can give consent for medical treatment? Select all that apply.

An adult can give consent for medical treatment as a guardian for his or her ward. An adult can give consent for medical treatment as a parent for his or her unemancipated minor. An adult can give consent for the medical treatment of his or her brother or sister in case of an emergency if the client's parents are not present. An adult cannot give consent for his or her emancipated minor. An adult can only give consent as a grandparent for a minor grandchild in emergency cases when the parents are not present.

A victim of an automobile crash is brought to the hospital. The nurse notes that the client is in need of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). What factors should the nurse remember before performing CPR? Select all that apply.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency treatment provided to clients without a formal consent. CPR should not be performed on an adult client who has already consented to a do not resuscitate order, either verbally or in writing. CPR is performed on appropriate clients unless a do not resuscitate order has been placed in the client's list. The primary healthcare provider is required to review clients' DNR orders in case there is a need for change because of the client's condition.

A patient who had been receiving palliative care for cancer has deteriorated and now needs end-of-life care. The nurse identifies that which types of care will now be removed from the treatment plan? Select all that apply.

Chemotherapy radiation blood transfusion

common acts of negligence by the nurse in hospital setting

Common negligent acts of nurses include failure to notify the healthcare provider of problems, failure to follow the six rights of medication administration, and failure to ensure the safety of a client with disequilibrium problems

What does a nurse understand by the term regulatory law as applied to nursing practice?

Correct3 Regulatory law reflects the decisions made by administrative bodies such as the State Boards of Nursing

According to the most recent Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, which statement is correct?

Prevalence of gender dysphoria ranges from five to 14 in 1,000 natal males

A registered nurse is explaining healthcare settings and services to a nursing student. Which scenario mentioned by the registered nurse is considered secondary acute care

Secondary acute care includes emergency care, acute medical-surgical care, and radiological procedures for acute problems. Preparing a client for a CT scan after repeated cerebral attacks qualifies as secondary acute care. Caring for a pregnant woman by performing physical examinations and monitoring fetal movement is considered primary care (health promotion). Teaching family members about the importance of being vaccinated and the risks of missing vaccinations are examples of preventive care. Checking the client's heart rate and blood pressure before administering medication is an example of preventive care.

The waiting area of a health care facility displays a pink triangle. What does this signify?

The health care facility welcomes lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) patients.

A nursing student is evaluating statements regarding the five levels of proficiency set forth by Benner. Which statement indicates that a nurse is in the advanced beginner stage?

The nurse is able to identify the basic principles of nursing care through careful observation

According to Avedis Donabedian, which is the most important validator of quality and effectiveness of health care in a hospital?

The patient outcomes achieved by the care provided

A student nurse is listing the limitations of the total client care nursing model. Which limitation listed by the student nurse is accurately stated?

The total client care nursing model is not cost effective because of the high number of registered nurses (RNs) required to provide care. According to this model, clients may not see the RN often. In a team nursing care delivery model, the team leader needs to take time to delegate work. In the primary nursing care delivery model, the associate nurse cannot change a care plan without discussion with the primary nurse.

The nurse is entering a client's data in the electronic health record. What action should the nurse take to minimize ambiguity and confusion?

Use consistent, codified terminology.

what does the term beneficence mean in nursing ethics

actions that promote the well beings of others

A nursing student is listing the professional responsibilities and roles of the nurse. Who is the most independently functioning nurse?

advanced practice registered nurse

he nurse ensures that the client has understood the implications of the new treatment plan thoroughly and then signs the client's consent form as a witness. Which basic healthcare ethic does the nurse follow in this situation?

autonomy Autonomy refers to the commitment to include clients in decisions about all aspects of care as a way of acknowledging and protecting their independence. In the given situation, the nurse ensures that the client has thoroughly understood the new treatment plan before gaining written consent. This ensures that the client is involved in the decision-making process appropriately. Justice refers to fairness. The given situation does not deal with fairness. Beneficence refers to taking positive actions to help others. This involves keeping the interests of the client before self-interest. Nonmaleficence is the avoidance of harm or hurt. Weighing the pros and cons of the new treatment plan would involve nonmaleficence.

Which statements are appropriate for a nursing instructor to include when teaching a group of students about high-quality health care? Select all that apply. HQ healthcare is expensive HQ healthcare is competent HQ healthcare meets the needs of patients HQ healthcare meets and established care standard HQ healthcare involves using minimal hospital resources

competent, meets the needs of the patients and meets and established care standard

The nurse should understand the effects of internal and external variables to plan and deliver individualized care. Which variable is an internal variable?

emotional factors

elements of discovery of a lawsuit

experts, medical records, dispositions of witnesses

What information should the nurse provide when explaining the benefits of illness prevention activities to a client

help protect from actual or potential health threats

when a facility loses medical records what could it indicate?

negligence

Which nurse participates in the development of nursing policies and procedures?

nurse educator

Who are the members of the panel that identifies new National Patient Safety Goals?

nurses, pharmacists, risk managers

a pt receives surgery on the wrong body part, according to leapfrogs policy what should the hospital do

report to joint commission, apologize, waive costs.. the facility should do a route cause analysis

some examples of services provided by the nurse performing block and parish services at a primary care setting

respite care, running errands, and homemaking aids

A student nurse is listing the different aspects of the healthcare services pyramid. Under which type of healthcare services should the student nurse include sports medicine?

restorative

How does the International Classification of Nursing Practice (ICNP) help nurses deliver effective care to clients?

standardized terminology for nurses, provides vocabulary to include nursing data in computerized technology like medical health record

A nursing student is recalling the various stages of health behavior change. What are the characteristics of the preparation stage

the client requires assistance to plan changes in health behavior The client understands that the advantages of health behavior change exceed the disadvantages.The client makes small changes in health behavior in preparation for major changes in the next month.

During an initial survey in a health care facility, members of The Joint Commission (TJC) find that the facility does not follow regulations for seclusion set by TJC. What will be the possible consequence of this negligence by the health care facility?

the facility will receive a conditional-level deficiency certificate, if the facility does not improve the condition they may be ineligible to receive money from medicaid and medicare

t/ f the role of an interpreter in the healthcare setting is not only to translate but also to understand the culture of who they are translating for

true

What should a nurse understand about healthcare proxies or a durable power of attorney for healthcare?

Healthcare proxies enable another person or persons to make healthcare decisions on the client's behalf when the client is no longer able to make decisions on his or her own. The National Organ Transplant Act of 1984 prohibits the purchase or sale of organs. This act is not related to healthcare proxies. The ethical doctrine of autonomy ensures the client's right to refuse medical treatment. A living will is a written document that directs treatment in accordance with the client's wishes in case of a terminal illness or condition.

A client is injured from falling from a hospital bed on which the side rails were not raised appropriately. The client's family files a malpractice suit against the nurse responsible for taking care of the client. Which statements regarding the lawsuit are accurate?

In this lawsuit, the client is the plaintiff and the nurse is the defendant. The nurse selects experts to establish that appropriate care was provided to the client. In the discovery phase (which occurs before the trial), the defendant obtains all of the client's relevant medical records from before and after the treatment. The jury uses standards of care to determine whether the nurse acted appropriately or committed malpractice. In the pleadings phase, the petition is put forward in the court. The plaintiff (client) outlines what the defendant (nurse) did wrong and how his or her actions resulted in injury.

Which point is included in the World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) document regarding core principles of care for transgender patients?

Seeking informed consent before providing treatment

The nurse notes that a client has mild hypothermia based on what body temperature?

35 degrees celsius

How would the student nurse describe a quasi-intentional tort occurring during the practice of nursing?

It is an act that lacks intent but involves volitional action such as invasion of privacy and defamation of character. An intentional tort is a willful act that violates another's rights. This includes assault, battery, and false imprisonment. A tort is a civil wrong made against a person or property. An unintentional tort involves negligence and malpractice.

A client with diabetes mellitus experiences a sudden fall in blood glucose levels while travelling by air. The client is not carrying any medications or a copy of a personal medical record. Which type of health information technology would be beneficial for this client?

The PHR is an electronic health record which consists of health data and the treatment provided for the client. The client can enter the data and maintain these health records. It is easy to carry and helps healthcare providers provide treatment in emergency conditions. Health care facilities maintain an EMR for each client. The client does not have access to these records in the air. Clinical health care informatics seeks to transform client health by educating and training health care professionals. It does not help to provide emergency treatment to the client while traveling. RHIO oversees the exchange of client's information among the patient's healthcare providers and across geographic areas.

A nursing student is examining the health services pyramid. Keeping in mind that care services begin at the bottom of this pyramid, in which order should care services be arranged?

According to the health services pyramid, population-based health care services come first. Clinical preventive services form the next level of the pyramid. A nurse should then address the primary health care needs of clients; these needs include prenatal and baby care and nutrition counseling. The next level of health care is secondary health care services, which include emergency care and acute medical-surgical care. Tertiary health care forms the highest level of health care; these needs include intensive care and subacute care.

What role is the nurse expected to have in a community-based nursing practice if there is a sudden spread of malaria?

As an epidemiologist, the nurse is responsible for community surveillance for risk factors such as the sudden spread of malaria. An epidemiologist nurse protects the health level of the community, develops sensitivity to changes in the health status of the community, and helps identify the cause of these changes. As an educator in a community-based setting, the nurse provides knowledge to clients and families so they can learn how to care for themselves. As a collaborator in a community-based nursing practice, the nurse collaborates with hospice staff, social workers, and pastoral care to initiate a plan to support end-of-life care for the client and support the family. As a client advocate in a community-based setting, the nurse provides necessary information for clients to make informed decisions in choosing and using services.

A nursing student is listing examples of active and passive health promotion strategies. Which strategy is an example of a passive health promotion strategy

Passive strategies of health promotion help people benefit from the activities of others without direct involvement. The fluoridation of municipal drinking water is an example of a passive health promotion strategy. Active strategies of health promotion require clients to adopt specific programs for improving health. Weight-reduction programs, smoking-cessation programs, and drug abuse prevention strategies are examples of active health promotion activities.

A nurse is caring for an older adult with dementia who has been admitted in the special ward for further treatment. Which situation should the nurse address to meet the safety and security needs of the client according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

The nurse should attend to the safety and security needs of the client by addressing the client's fear of strangers. When the client says that he/she is on liquid diet, the nurse should consider this as a possible lack of nutrition. This is a physiological need. When the client says that his/her blood pressure level fluctuates, the nurse should consider this as an example of physiological needs. When the client says that his/her family members avoid him/her as he/she has dementia, the nurse should understand this to be a love and belonging need.

What important points should the nurse keep in mind when witnessing consent forms? Select all that apply.

When witnessing the consent form, the nurse should confirm that the client's signature is authentic. The nurse should also ensure that the client has given the consent voluntarily. The nurse should never ask the student nurse to witness consent forms because it is a legal document. The nurse should inform the primary healthcare provider or nursing supervisor if the client denies understanding of the procedure in the consent form. It is important for the nurse to check if the client, rather than the caregiver, has understood the procedures written in the consent form.

A health care worker is collecting data on the quality of health care provided in a health care center. The health care worker finds that too many nurses are attending to a single patient. What does the health care worker conclude from this?

not providing efficient care

which charge nurse is providing high quality care 1) one who included patient in care planning and changes psych med doses during mood swings 2) nurse who uses minimal resources and ensure transition of patient is respectful and efficient

nurse number 2

of the following, which do nurses play an important role in help the hospital meet quality, efficiency, and client satisfaction: "Pay for performance programs promote quality, effectiveness, and safe client care." "Six Sigma is used to analyze the collected data and to identify unnecessary steps in the processes." "Balanced scorecards are used to report data on the key performance indicators and are published publicly." "Organizations are using outcomes like employees' satisfaction to redesign how they manage and deliver care in hopes of improving quality in the long term." "The Picker Institute focuses on improvement of processes to determine if current or recommended steps add value and reduce the health care organization's time, costs, and resources."

pay for performance, six sigma, and balanced scorecards

The nurse should understand the effects of internal and external variables to plan and deliver individualized care. Which variable is an example of an external variable? Spiritual factors Developmental issues Socioeconomic factors Perception of functioning

socioeconomic