Hi science chapter 8.2

Multiple alleles

A gene that has more than two alleles

Genotype

genetic makeup of an organism

Heterozygous organisms

hybrids

Who is the father of modern genetics?

Gregor Mendel

What are the three principles of inheritance of traits?

Heredity, segregation, and independent assortment

Polygenic inheritance

Involves two or more genes working together to express a trait

Pedigree

Oh my goodness, family history that charts a hereditary trait through past generations

Phenotype

Physical expression of a trait

Punnett squares

Squares that show the different ways that alleles can segregate

Segregation

The factors that determine a trait must separate or segregate into the reproductive cells of a plant or meiosis

Heredity

The passing of traits from one generation to another

Recessive trait

Trait that is not expressed

Sex linked traits

Traits that are controlled by six chromosomes

Homozygous organism

Two of the same alleles for a trait

Mono, hybrid cross

Across the test, only one set of alleles

Allele

Different forms of a gene

Dominant traits

Dominant allele trait that is expressed

Incomplete dominance

Blending of alleles

Co-dominance

Both inherited alleles are expressed

Dihybrid cross

Crossing two sets of alleles