hist 1302 test 1 (modules 1-3)

one major problem with the Homestead Act was that

160 acres were inadequate for productive farming on the rain-scarce Great Plains

between the arrival of the first Europeans and the end of the Civil War, the Indian population of North America dropped from one million to about

350,000

what occurred at Sand Creek?

Colorado Volunteer regiment wiped out peaceful Indians

what group of people came to the United States after the 1880s?

Eastern Europe

which individual is credited with developing a new process to make steel more affordable

Henry Bessemer

this Supreme Court case established the "separate but equal" doctrine of segregation

Plessy v. Ferguson

which two companies completed the first Transcontinental Railroad line?

Union Pacific and Central Pacific

what was the Social Gospel?

a religious movement to tackle social issu

what challenges did cities face during the period of urbanization?

all of them (sanitation, fire, overpopulation)

which of the following was included in theatrical and dime novel depictions of the American West?

amazing feats of skilled horseback riding, roping, and shooting

the bitter conflict between whites and Indians intensified

as the mining frontier expanded

the major factor in drawing country people off the farms and into the big cities was the

availability of industrial jobs

which factor helped farmers on the Great Plains overcome opposition from cattle ranchers?

barbed wire allowed farmers to enclose their lands

industrialization occurred in the United States primarily because?

businessmen and scientists worked together to make more efficient systems

which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the "New" immigrants?

came from Northern and Western Europe

which of the following was NOT a contributing factor to the growth of the American economy during the Gilded Age?

capital was in short supply

Andrew Carnegie's system of vertical integration

combined all facets of an industry, from raw material to final product, within a single company

the development of electric trolleys in the late nineteenth century transformed the American city by

creating distinct districts devoted to residential neighborhoods, commerce, and industry

all of the following were impacts of industrialization of America EXCEPT

decline in labor discontent

tenements were

designed to house as many people as cheaply as possible

between 1880 and 1900, most immigrants coming to the United States settled in cities because

factory and workshop jobs were available there

Laissez Faire was?

government did not involve itself in the economy

John Dewey was important in educational reforms because

he pushed for an end to un-imaginative and repetitive lessons

according to the authors of the Dawes Severalty Act, what constituted a civilized life for Native Americans in the later nineteenth century?

individual property ownership and farming on family plots

during the late nineteenth century, where were the reservations located that North American Indian tribes were sent to?

is sparsely populated areas of the West

nineteenth-century Americans imagined the "wild west" as all of the following EXCEPT

isolated farms, where men and women carved out difficult lives on the Great Plains

how did the passage of the Dawes Act affect Native American Indians?

it attempted to assimilate them into mainstream American culture

which of the following is true of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890

it had little immediate impact on the regulation of large corporations

what was a settlement house in the late 1800s?

it was a place where immigrants received education and child care

which of the following best accounts for the success of the American Federation of Labor in organizing labor in organizing labor in the late 1800s

its policy of organizing only skilled craftsman

the first major product of the oil industry was

kerosene

the image most clearly illustrates what new marketing development during the Gilded Age?

mail order catalogs

why did western territories take longer than eastern territories to achieve statehood?

many easterners were wary of granting statehood until white and non-Mormon settlers counterbalanced the large Latino and Mormon populations

why was the Hollywood version of the western "cowboy" based more on fantasy than reality?

most cowboys were low-paid workers, some of whom even went on strike for higher wages

the Indian victory of the Little Bighorn:

only temporarily delayed the advance of white settlement

the United States government offered land and cash grants to which industry?

railroad

the use of steel hulls and steam power in ocean ships had which of the following consequences on world trade?

regular, repeatable schedules led to a lowering of prices on goods

which demographic shift occurred in the United States in the late nineteenth century as a result of industrialization

rural residents moved into urban areas

which demographic shift occurred in the United States in the late nineteenth century as a result of industrialization?

rural residents moved into urban areas

"competition is a law of nature..." the quote above is an example in which of the following schools of thought

social darwinism

what was Social Darwinism?

survival of the fittest in relation to economic well-being

which statement accurately describes the development of the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century?

technological innovations made farming there possible

a major incentive that drove captains of industry to invent machines was

that machines would enable them to replace expensive skilled workers with cheap unskilled workers

the second industrial revolution was marked by:

the acceleration of factory production and increased activity in the mining and railroad industries

which event forced the Lakota Indians to give up their land in the Black Hills during the 1870s?

the discovery of gold

American cities increasingly abandoned wooden construction for brink and steel in their downtown districts after

the great Chicago fire of 1871

all of these were factors that increasingly made cities more attractive than farms for young adults except

the lower cost of living

one of the greatest changes that industrialization brought about in the live of workers was

the need for them to adjust their lives to the time clock

which group aided the immigrants the most?

the non-government citizens

which incited the Indian wars of the 1860s?

the sand creek massacre

in the warfare that rages between the Indians and the American military after the Civil war

there was often great cruelty and massacres on both sides

what was the aim of Carlisle, a boarding school for Indians?

to civilize the Indians, making them "American", as whites defined the term

which of the following innovations of the period in incorrectly matched with its date of development?

transatlantic cable- 1877

which of the following does NOT describe the impact of corporations on the American West?

urban populations in California declined as people moved to the centers of agricultural production

what major trend occurred to the population of the United States during the industrial expansion of the late nineteenth century?

urbanization increased

Chief Joseph:

wanted freedom for his people, the Nez Percé

political machines

were organizations that traded social services for votes

by 1890, the majority of Americans

worked for wages

Chinese immigrants to the West

worked in shoe and cigar factories in western cities