Hist 202 Unit 3

Match the following figures with their most accurate description or accomplishment: Friedrich List? - Father of the American Industrial Revolution - interchangeable parts - scientific management - assembly line and mass production - "National System" of economics

"National System" of economics

Match the following: U.S. Declaration of Independence? - "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." - "Workers of the World unite!" - Revolutionary Vanguard - The Communist International (Comintern) - "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."

Match the following: Karl Marx? - "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." - "Workers of the World unite!" - Revolutionary Vanguard - The Communist International (Comintern) - "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."

- "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." - "Workers of the World unite!"

Match the following nations with their Cold War bloc or coalition: (western bloc or eastern bloc) - Australia - Japan - Bulgaria - Soviet Union - United States - North Korea - Czechoslovakia - Great Britain

- Australia (Western Bloc) - Japan (Western Bloc) - Bulgaria (Eastern Bloc) - Soviet Union (Eastern Bloc) - United States (Western Bloc) - North Korea (Eastern Bloc) - Czechoslovakia (Eastern Bloc) - Great Britain (Western Bloc)

Correctly match the following: (Settler or non-settler) - Canada - Colombia - India - Iraq - Australia - Nigeria

- Canada (settler) - Colombia (settler) - India (non-settler) - Iraq (non-settler) - Australia (settler) - Nigeria (non-settler)

Who wrote The Wealth of Nations and is often considered the founder of modern capitalism? - John Locke - Adam Smith - Thomas Jefferson - Karl Marx - James Cook

Adam Smith

Who wrote The Wealth of Nations and is often considered the founder of modern capitalism? - Thomas Jefferson - Adam Smith - John Locke - Karl Marx - James Cook

Adam Smith

Which of the following was NOT absorbed by the expanding Russian empire in the 17th and 18th centuries? - Azerbaijan - Armenia - Afghanistan - Siberia - Georgia

Afghanistan

Which of the following is true of the Kingdom of Kongo? - Its capital, Great Zimbabwe, was known for its stone walls and buildings. - After encountering the Portuguese, its kings converted to Christianity. - Its most famous king, Mansa Musa, became known in the Islamic world for his lavish hajj pilgrimage to Mecca. - Its Swahili-speaking merchants played a key role in facilitating Portuguese trade in the Indian Ocean. - Its most famous queen, Nzinga, led a long and spirited resistance to Portuguese incursions.

After encountering the Portuguese, its kings converted to Christianity.

Which of the following statements best describes Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz? - In 1688, she helped broker a peace agreement between the Spanish and the Zapotec people of Oaxaca. - She used her linguistic skills to mediate a dispute between the Spanish and the Chinese community in Manila in 1688; however, the following year she was criticized for being too pro-Chinese and was imprisoned for the remainder of her life. - Living in Madrid in 1688, she penned a passionate criticism of the Spanish oppression and enslavement of Native American peoples. - After her protector, the marquis of Laguna, left Mexico in 1688, she was forced to renounce writing and give up her books and scientific instruments. - In 1688, she observed the transit of Venus from her Mexico City home, thus helping determine an accurate estimate of the distance between the earth and the sun.

After her protector, the marquis of Laguna, left Mexico in 1688, she was forced to renounce writing and give up her books and scientific instruments.

Who among the following was an artist who blended artistic vision and radical political ideas in large murals that he created for the appreciation of working people? - Carmen Miranda - Lazaro Cardenas - Victor Raul Haya de la Torre - Diego Rivera - Anastacio Somoza

Diego Rivera

Brazil responded to the Great Depression by? - Adopting Soviet communism - Adopting fascism - Embarking on a program of industrialization - Declaring war on Peru - None of the answers is correct

Embarking on a program of industrialization

The Chinese Ming Dynasty was known for all of the following EXCEPT . - the construction of the Great Wall of China - an imperial court increasingly dominated by eunuch servants - the widespread practice of female footbinding - Emperor Qinshihuang's immense tomb guarded by thousands of terra cotta warriors - the voyages of Zheng He and his massive treasure ships

Emperor Qinshihuang's immense tomb guarded by thousands of terra cotta warriors

The Chinese Ming Dynasty was known for all of the following EXCEPT. - the construction of the Great Wall of China - Emperor Qinshihuang's immense tomb guarded by thousands of terra cotta warriors - the voyages of Zheng He and his massive treasure ships - an imperial court increasingly dominated by eunuch servants - The Ming Dynasty was known for all of these.

Emperor Qinshihuang's immense tomb guarded by thousands of terra cotta warriors

All of the following established a colony in North America in the 17th century EXCEPT ________. - Spain - Germany - Great Britain - Holland - France

Germany

In what nation did the government give significant support to industry in the late nineteenth century? - Britain - Germany - the United States - France - Canada

Germany

The first practical automobile was developed in ________. - Great Britain - Russia - Japan - Germany - the United States

Germany

All of the following are important elements of an industrial economy EXCEPT ________. - workers - consumers - nonhuman sources of energy - the factory system - an independent class of religious clergy

an independent class of religious clergy

Coinciding with the end of the war was the death of more than 20 million people due to ________. - nuclear radiation - the Opium Wars - the continued British blockade of Germany - an influenza pandemic - unusually cold summers caused by the eruption of a volcano on Iceland

an influenza pandemic

Match the following figures with their most accurate description or accomplishment: Henry Ford? - Father of the American Industrial Revolution - interchangeable parts - scientific management - assembly line and mass production - "National System" of economics

assembly line and mass production

All of the following have prospered due to human-induced simplification of ecosystems EXCEPT ________. - chickens - pigs - dogs - cows - pandas

pandas

Revolutions in Latin America were frequently a power struggle between what two groups? - Europeans and mestizos - Europeans and indigenous peoples - colonial militias and European mercenaries - peninsulares and crioles - masters and slaves

peninsulares and crioles

Match the following individuals to their scientific discoveries. Kepler? - the principle of gravity - planetary orbits - the principle of inertia - the sun-centered model of the universe

planetary orbits

During World War I, women in many countries ________. - were ordered to remain in shelters far from the front lines for the duration of the war - worked in many war-related industries - led anti-war protests in London, Paris, Berlin, and Moscow - fought on the front lines - died in much greater numbers than men did

worked in many war-related industries

Humans have been able to domesticate all of the following animals EXCEPT the ________. - horse - zebra - dog - pig - llama

zebra

All of the following crops originated in the New World EXCEPT. - tomato - peanut - potato - wheat - chili pepper

wheat

All of the following are nations that claim to have a primordial identity EXCEPT ________. - Japan - Egypt - Greece - Yugoslavia - China

Yugoslavia

Correctly match the following: (Central Powers or Allies) - Germany - Russia - France - Austro-Hungarian Empire - Ottoman Empire - Great Britain

- Germany (Central Powers) - Russia (Allies) - France (Allies) - Austro-Hungarian Empire (Central Powers) - Ottoman Empire (Central Powers) - Great Britain (Allies)

Correctly match the following: (Neo-Malthusians or Cornucopians) - Julian Simon - Paul Ehrlich - Norman Borlaug - William Vogt

- Julian Simon (Cornucopians) - Paul Ehrlich (Neo-Malthusians) - Norman Borlaug (Cornucopians) - William Vogt (Neo-Malthusians)

Match the following nation with the period (or "wave") in which they decolonized (achieved independence): First Wave (1776-1914)? - United States - Ghana - Vietnam - Saudi Arabia - Georgia - Ireland - Peru - Ukraine

- United Stated - Peru

Match the following nations with the primary Cold War alliance: (NATO or Warsaw pact) - United States - Poland - German Democratic Republic - Turkey - Italy - USSR - Bulgaria - Canada

- United States (NATO) - Poland (Warsaw pact) - German Democratic Republic (Warsaw pact) - Turkey (NATO) - Italy (NATO) - USSR (Warsaw pact) - Bulgaria (Warsaw pact) - Canada (NATO)

Correctly match the following: (assimilation or association) - United States - Japanese Empire - India - Kenya - Mozambique - French Empire

- United States (assimilation) - Japanese Empire (assimilation) - India (association) - Kenya (association) - Mozambique (association) - French Empire (assimilation)

Correctly match the following: Martime or Land-based - United States - Russia - China (Qing Empire) - Spanish Empire - Portuguese Empire - British Empire

- United States (land-based) - Russia (land-based) - China (Qing Empire) (land-based) - Spanish Empire (maritime) - Portuguese Empire (maritime) - British Empire (maritime)

Gandhi

- fought hard to improve the status of the casteless untouchables - launched the non-cooperation movement - began the civil disobedience movement - worked to secure approval of the government of india act

Which of the following twentieth-century disease outbreaks was most deadly (largest number of people killed)? - 1916 polio epidemic - 1918-1919 Spanish flu pandemic - 1957 Asian flu pandemic - 1921 diphtheria epidemic - 1968-69 Hong Kong flu pandemic

1918-1919 Spanish flu pandemic

How many people were lifted out of poverty in China between 1980 and 2005? - 6 billion - No one was lifted out of poverty during this period. - 6 million - 600 million - 60 million

600 million

Who is Antonio Vieira? - A Spanish linguist who pioneered the idea of the Indo-European family of languages. - An Italian cartographer who developed the first European map to show Australia and New Zealand. - A Spanish mariner who sailed the first Manila galleon to the Philippines. - A Protuguese Jesuit priest who called for protecting Native American Christian converts in Brazil. - A Portuguese scientist who developed the heliocentric model of the solar system.

A Protuguese Jesuit priest who called for protecting Native American Christian converts in Brazil.

Which of the following best describes Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz? - Living in Madrid in 1688, she penned a passionate criticism of the Spanish oppression and enslavement of Native American peoples. - She used her linguistic skills to mediate a dispute between the Spanish and the Chinese community in Manila in 1688; however, in the following year she was criticized for being too pro-Chinese and was imprisoned for the remainder of her life. - After her protector—the Marquis of Laguna—left Mexico in 1688, she was forced to renounce writing and give up her books and scientific instruments. - In 1688, she observed the transit of Venus from her Mexico City home, thus helping to determine an accurate estimate of the distance between the earth and the sun. - In 1688, she helped broker a peace agreement between the Spanish and the Zapotec people of Oaxaca.

After her protector—the Marquis of Laguna—left Mexico in 1688, she was forced to renounce writing and give up her books and scientific instruments.

Which Eastern European nation formed an unlikely friendship with the People's Republic of China largely due to the fact that both had left their alliances with the Soviet Union? - Poland - Bulgaria - Czechoslovakia - Romania - Albania

Albania

Which of the following is arguably an example of "neo-imperialism" or "neo-colonialism"? - the British use of military force to retain control of the Falkland Islands - terrorist attacks on New York City, London, and Madrid - American military bases in Germany, Japan, and the Middle East - the Russian occupation and annexation of Crimea in 2014 - the continued French rule of New Caledonia

American military bases in Germany, Japan, and the Middle East

All of the following are territories claimed and administered by sovereign nation-states EXCEPT ________. - Vietnam - South Africa - Antarctica - Germany - Bolivia

Antarctica

World War One provided the pretext for the Ottoman extermination of up to one million members of which ethnic group? - Turks - Arabs - Armenians - Azeris - Kurds

Armenians

By 1750, all the world was connected by commercial networks EXCEPT ________. - Japan - South Africa - China - Iran (Persia) - Australia

Australia

The United States has directly intervened in the foreign and/or domestic affairs of all of the following American nations EXCEPT. - Nicaragua - Bahamas - Panama - Mexico - Cuba

Bahamas

Where was Germany's last-ditch attempt to turn the tide of the war in Western Europe turned back? - Battle of Midway - Battle of El Alamein - Battle of the Bulge - Battle of Britain - Battle of Stalingrad

Battle of the Bulge

Which European power's colony in Africa was particularly notorious for its brutality, including the use of amputation for not meeting rubber quotas? - Germany - Portugal - France - Great Britain - Belgium

Belgium

Which Latin American state gained independence as a monarchy? - Peru - Brazil - Mexico - Venezuela - Haiti

Brazil

The First Opium War broke out in 1839 when ________ attacked ________ for destroying opium it had illegally imported. - Britain; Japan - America; China - Britain; China - America; Japan - Portugal; China

Britain; China

Which country experienced the largest genocide during the Cold War as measured in per capita terms? - Indonesia - People's Republic of China - Cambodia/Kampuchea - Laos - Vietnam

Cambodia/Kampuchea

Who made up the First Estate in pre-Revolutionary France? - the monarchy - the nobility - the press - Catholic clergy - farmers, artisans, and workers

Catholic clergy

One significant "near-miss" in the third wave of democratization in which popular protest was suppressed and the authoritarian government remained in power (where it remains even today) took place in ________. - Romania - France - China - South Korea - the Philippines

China

What country did Japan invade starting WW2?

China

Who were the janissaries? - Christian boys taken from conquered territories and raised as special forces - eunuchs in service to the sultan - armored, light cavalry - slave women who lived in the sultan's harem - regional administrators, who were granted autonomy in exchange for loyalty and support

Christian boys taken from conquered territories and raised as special forces

What became of the Christian community in Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate? - Christians were restricted to a few carefully controlled missions. - Christianity merged with Buddhism and Shintoism into a new syncretic religion. - Christians were brutally persecuted and driven into secrecy. - Japanese Christians were sought after for their ability to translate European texts. - Japanese Christians continued to worship but lost support after European trade was restricted.

Christians were brutally persecuted and driven into secrecy.

Match the following people with the political philosophy they espoused: Edmund Burke? - Conservatism - Liberalism - Radicalism

Conservatism

How did the Berlin Blockade end? - In order to save the starving residents of West Berlin, the western powers abandoned the city, allowing the Soviets to bring in fresh supplies. - It ended with the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. - Convinced by the Berlin Airlift of the Western commitment to Berlin, the Soviets lifted the Blockade in 1949. - The United States and the Soviet Union engaged in a brief but fierce air conflict which resulted in 43 Soviet warplanes being shot down and the Soviet agreement to lift the Blockade. - Both the Americans and the Soviets agreed to allow neutral powers such as Switzerland and Sweden to resupply Berlin.

Convinced by the Berlin Airlift of the Western commitment to Berlin, the Soviets lifted the Blockade in 1949.

Match the following: Pablo Picasso? - Uncertainty Principle - theory of relativity - psychoanalysis - Cubism - The Decline of the West

Cubism

Who was the architect of American strategic bombing in the final stages of the Pacific War? - Curtis LeMay - George S. Patton - Dwight D. Eisenhower - George C. Marshall - Douglas MacArthur

Curtis LeMay

Who was the leader of China that helped the nation liberalize and modernize its economy in the 1980s? - Chiang Kai-shek - Deng Xiaoping - Sun Yat-sen - Xi Jinping - Mao Zedong

Deng Xiaoping

Which was the first European nation to abolish the slave trade? - Denmark - Spain - Italy - France - Great Britain

Denmark

Match the following figures with their correct description. William Wordsworth? - critic of capitalism; predicted revolution led by the proletariat (workers) - English Romantic poet; lamented industrialization's destruction of nature - Scottish economist; noted the productive potential of the division of labor

English Romantic poet; lamented industrialization's destruction of nature

What country did Italy invade starting WW2?

Ethiopia

Which African kingdom had its own version of Christianity and successfully resisted European imperialism until the 20th century? - Kongo - Ethiopia - Mali - Ghana - Zimbabwe

Ethiopia

Which two nations remained independent even after the Scramble for Africa? - Ghana and Senegal - Algeria and Mozambique - Kenya and Mali - Ethiopia and Liberia - Rwanda and Burundi

Ethiopia and Liberia

Which two nations remained independent even after the Scramble for Africa? - Rwanda and Burundi - Algeria and Mozambique - Kenya and Mali - Ghana and Senegal - Ethiopia and Liberia

Ethiopia and Liberia

What did the Battle of Omdurman clearly demonstrate? - Britain had fallen behind Germany by the end of the nineteenth century. - China still had the power to defeat Western powers even as late as 1794. - European troops with modern weapons could subdue a vast native army. - Japan had become a major world power. - Europeans were morally superior to Africans.

European troops with modern weapons could subdue a vast native army.

According to Wills' 1688, what is the most accurate description of European involvement in Africa in and around 1688? - Europeans had largely abandoned Africa due to uncurable tropical diseases and a lack of commercial opportunities. - With the exception of Great Britain, all European powers had banned the slave trade and cooperated in attempts to eliminate slavery in Africa. - Europeans had established a number of trading posts on the coast but seldom went into and knew almost nothing about the interior. - Europeans had divided nearly all of African among themselves in what became known as the "Scramble for Africa." - Various European nations had established large and thriving settler colonies populated by colonists from Europe in many parts of Africa.

Europeans had established a number of trading posts on the coast but seldom went into and knew almost nothing about the interior.

All of the following are true of Africa during the decades after the great war except? - Colonial taxation policies were designed to drive Africans into the labor market - Using African labor and tax monies, Europeans built economic infrastructure - Europeans promoted rapid, intensive industrialization among their colonial possessions - The Great Depression exposed the vulnerability of dependent colonial economies - All are true

Europeans promoted rapid, intensive industrialization among their colonial possessions

True or false: Humans are generally subjected to more violence—local, national, or international—today than in 1500. - True - False

False

Match the following figures with their most accurate description or accomplishment: Samuel Slater? - Father of the American Industrial Revolution - interchangeable parts - scientific management - assembly line and mass production - "National System" of economics

Father of the American Industrial Revolution

Match the following nation with the period (or "wave") in which they decolonized (achieved independence): Fourth Wave (1989-present)? - United States - Ghana - Vietnam - Saudi Arabia - Georgia - Ireland - Peru - Ukraine

Georgia Ireland

Which of the following was a consequence of European-borne diseases in the New World? - Observing the spread of smallpox, Creole professor Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora developed the germ theory of disease nearly two centuries before Louis Pasteur. - Certain diseases like smallpox and diphtheria had a disproportionate impact on women, leading to a marked gender imbalance (too many men) in the Americas. - Fearing that their local gods had abandoned them, many Native Americans converted to Christianity. - Although some European-borne diseases had an impact on Native American populations, diseases indigenous to the New World had an equally fatal impact on people from Europe. - Many Native Americans rejected Christianity because they could never worship a God responsible for so many diseases.

Fearing that their local gods had abandoned them, many Native Americans converted to Christianity.

Match the following countries with the correct chronological order in which they achieved national independence and/or unification in the period 1500-present. (First, second, third, etc) - Haiti - Germany - United States - Gran Colombia - Greece

First : United States Second : Haiti Third : Gran Colombia Fourth : Greece Fifth : Germany

Order the Cold War events in a chronological list (i.e., first, second, third, etc.): Korean War Prague Spring Berlin Wall constructed Berlin Blockade Hungarian Uprising

First: Berlin Blockade Second: Korean War Third: Hungarian Uprising Fourth: Berlin Wall constructed Fifth: Prague Spring

Who was noted for his "good neighbor policy"?

Franklin D Roosevelt

Which of the following best describes funeral practices for Japanese emperors during the twentieth century? - Despite Japan's rapid modernization, the Imperial Court refused to allow for any changes in funeral practices, insisting that ancient traditions be followed to the letter. - Despite the American bombing of Japanese cities during World War II, Japan successfully carried out a lavish traditional funeral for the Iwakura Emperor in 1944. - There were no imperial funerals during the twentieth century because the amazingly long-lived Hirohito (born in 1898) did not die until the twenty-first century! - Funeral practices show significant changes from the beginning of the twentieth century (funerals of the Meiji and Taishō Emperors) to the end of the century (Emperor Hirohito).

Funeral practices show significant changes from the beginning of the twentieth century (funerals of the Meiji and Taishō Emperors) to the end of the century (Emperor Hirohito).

WW2 Allied Power Countries

GB, Soviet Union, China, US

The May Fourth Movement ________. - galvanized the Chinese against foreign influence - was a significant turning point in the evolution of Marcus Garvey's political efforts - was typical of Gandhi's nonviolent methods - was a sign of growing Japanese nationalism - became the pretext for Japan to invade Manchuria

Galvanized the Chinese against foreign influence

Which of the following men is sometimes called the "father of Modern Egypt"? - Mustafa Kemal Ataturk - Hosni Mubarak - Gamal Adbel Nasser - George Afarian - Saddam Hussein

Gamal Adbel Nasser

What or who was Satyagraha? - the original name of the Pan-African movement - the Chinese political party headed by Jiang Jieshi - Gandhi's philosophy of passive resistance - the Islamic leader who called for the creation of Pakistan for India's Muslims - Mao Zedong's adapted philosophy of Chinese communism

Gandhi's philosophy of passive resistance

Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by. - Gavrilo Princip - Otto von Bismarck - Benito Mussolini - Vladimir Lenin - Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

Gavrilo Princip

Who assassinated Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand? - Gavrilo Princip - Otto von Bismarck - Benito Mussolini - Mustafa Kemal Ataturk - Vladimir Lenin

Gavrilo Princip

All of the following are examples of New Deal programs or agencies EXCEPT the ________. - Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) - Works Progress Administration (WPA) - General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) - Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) - Federal Reserve

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

The massive American aid program, which was designed to shore up Europe's economies in 1948, was named after whom? - George Patton - George Marshall - Harry S. Truman - Dwight D. Eisenhower - Joseph Stillwell

George Marshall

What happened after the surrender of Germany? - Germany was entirely occupied by Soviet forces. This resulted in postwar Germany being a communist country. - Germany was entirely occupied by American forces. This resulted in postwar Germany being a capitalist country. - Germany was administered as a "trusteeship" of the newly created United Nations until it made reparations to all of its war victims—both domestic and foreign—in 1962. The UN then granted Germany full independence. - Germany's neighbors—France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Austria, and Switzerland—all claimed part of Germany's territory. This resulted in the complete disappearance of Germany as an independent nation-state until it was reconstituted by the 1974 Heidelberg Accords. - Germany was divided into zones occupied by the Soviets and other Allied powers. This resulted in the separation of Germany into two independent nation-states.

Germany was divided into zones occupied by the Soviets and other Allied powers. This resulted in the separation of Germany into two independent nation-states.

WW2 Axis Power Countries

Germany, Italy, Japan

Match the following nation with the period (or "wave") in which they decolonized (achieved independence): Third Wave (1945-1989)? - United States - Ghana - Vietnam - Saudi Arabia - Georgia - Ireland - Peru - Ukraine

Ghana Arabia

Which of the following is true of the Agricultural Revolution? - The Agricultural Revolution is widely believed to have originated in the southern region of modern-day France. - A key element of the Agricultural Revolution was the development and use of the steam engine. - Despite its misleading name, the Fertile Crescent was actually inhospitable to the development of agriculture. It was adopted there only long after it was developed in several other parts of the world. - Most societies adopted metal tools and weapons and the use of writing long before they shifted to agriculture. - Global population grew following the Agricultural Revolution, but the average farmer ended up working longer hours for less nutrition than his or her hunter-gatherer counterpart.

Global population grew following the Agricultural Revolution, but the average farmer ended up working longer hours for less nutrition than his or her hunter-gatherer counterpart.

The "Great Game" was the imperialist competition for power in Central Asia by which two powers? - France and Germany - The United States and Spain - The Qing Empire and Japan - The Ottoman Empire and the Safavid Empire - Great Britain and Russia

Great Britain and Russia

All of the following statements are true of HIV-AIDS except which? - The highest rates of prevalence of HIV-AIDS in the world are found in sub-Saharan Africa. - Despite the development of effective treatments, there remain no vaccines or cures for HIV-AIDS. - HIV-AIDS has killed at least 500 million people worldwide. - The earliest documented case of HIV-AIDS was in 1959, but the disease became much more prevalent in the 1980s. - The disease compromises the immune system and was fatal to all who contracted it until the development of treatments in 1995.

HIV-AIDS has killed at least 500 million people worldwide.

What did Suleyman the Magnificent do? - He invaded the island of Sicily. - He brought the entire Arabian peninsula under Ottoman rule. - He conquered Russia. - He captured Belgrade and laid siege to the city of Vienna. - He went on the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca a record seventy-one times.

He captured Belgrade and laid siege to the city of Vienna

What did Suleyman the Magnificent do? - He brought the entire Arabian peninsula under Ottoman rule. - All of the answers are correct. - He captured Belgrade and laid siege to the city of Vienna. - He conquered Russia. - He invaded the island of Sicily.

He captured Belgrade and laid siege to the city of Vienna.

All of the following are true of Galileo Galilei EXCEPT ________. - He was an Italian mathematician who contributed greatly to the scientific revolution of the seventeenth century. - He was put under house arrest for his controversial views with regard to science, which many thought contradicted Christianity. - He championed the heliocentric theory, arguing that the earth and planets revolved around the sun rather than the earth being the center of the universe. - He first developed differential calculus. - He discovered some of the moons of Jupiter, which were later named in his honor.

He first developed differential calculus.

Which of the following is true of William Dampier? - He was killed in a duel with Captain James Cook. - He sailed with pirates in order to reach new, unexplored regions of the world. - He was so impressed by Chinese culture that he refused to return to England and adopted a Chinese name: Dan Bei-er. - He was appointed by the British East India Company to be the first viceroy of India. - He became one of the most vocal advocates for the aborigines in Australia, often criticizing British treatment of the aborigines.

He sailed with pirates in order to reach new, unexplored regions of the world.

What best describes Cristóvão [Christopher] da Gama? - He married his daughter to a Portuguese prince, thus merging the da Gama family with the Portuguese royal line. - He ruthlessly enforced Portuguese control over maritime trade in the spice islands. - He was captured by a Muslim army in Africa and was beheaded. - He rejected the wealth and materialism of his father Vasco and became a Benedictine monk. - He led a Portuguese expedition in search of a northwest passage to Asia and was never heard from again.

He was captured by a Muslim army in Africa and was beheaded.

What was the global agreement to tackle the problem of ozone depletion? - Kyoto Protocol - Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) - General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) - Montreal Protocol - Paris Agreement

Montreal Protocol

Which Eastern European nation maintained a socialist government but split with the Soviets in 1948? - Romania - Poland - Bulgaria - Yugoslavia - Czechoslovakia

Yugoslavia

What happened to Hirohito, the Japanese Emperor, after the Allied occupation of Japan? - Refusing to give up his status as an Arahitogami (a deity who is a human being), he mysteriously disappeared in 1946. - He was shielded from prosecution by General Douglas MacArthur but was forced to renounce his divinity. - He migrated to Hawaii and spent the remainder of his days perfecting his Zen Garden on Kauai. - He abdicated the throne and spent the rest of his life meditating in a Buddhist monastery. - He was tried and convicted for war crimes in the Tokyo War Crimes tribunal and was executed in 1949.

He was shielded from prosecution by General Douglas MacArthur but was forced to renounce his divinity.

Which of the following best describes Olympe de Gouges? - Her consistent and forceful demands for women's rights led Revolutionary leaders to execute her in 1793. - She poisoned Napoleon Bonaparte in 1815, which ended France's fighting with its European neighbors. - She was one of the principal authors of the Napoleonic Code. - Her cavalier declaration "Let them eat cake" symbolized elite indifference to the suffering of the masses. - She married Maximilien Robespierre and often appeared at his side at public executions.

Her consistent and forceful demands for women's rights led Revolutionary leaders to execute her in 1793.

Which two leaders saw their armies decimated by the Russian winter on the outskirts of Moscow? - Bismarck and Robespierre - Hitler and Napoleon - Tojo and Stalin - Princip and Ferdinand - Phillip II and Hideyoshi

Hitler and Napoleon

Which nationalist figure resisted foreign imperialism in Indochina and became the first leader of North Vietnam? - Ngo Dinh Diem - Ho Chi Minh - Pol Pot - Lee Kuan Yew - Norodom Sihanouk

Ho Chi Minh

What happened to many Armenians in the last years of the Ottoman Empire and the first years of the creation of modern Turkey? - Already virtually indistinguishable from Turks in matters of religion, language, and culture, most Armenians simply assimilated into the newly created Turkish nation. - Many migrated to Madagascar, where they now constitute the majority population on the island. - Many Armenians sought to flee the chaos, but were barred from entering most European and North American countries; this made the Armenians the largest stateless population of the twentieth century. - Welcomed by Ataturk's policy of multicultural inclusion and tolerance, most remained in Turkey. - Hundreds of thousands were killed in what is sometimes labeled the world's first genocide.

Hundreds of thousands were killed in what is sometimes labeled the world's first genocide.

By the end of the nineteenth century, nationalistic movements resulted in independent sovereignty for all of the following EXCEPT. - Bulgaria - Italy - Greece - Germany - Ireland

Ireland

By the end of the nineteenth century, nationalistic movements resulted in independent sovereignty for all of the following EXCEPT. - Germany - Greece - Bulgaria - Italy - Ireland

Ireland

Twelver Shiism was a Muslim sect that claimed that ________. - the Safavid were the lost tribe of Israel - all ghazi are true spokesmen of Allah - Shah Ismail was a direct descendent of the Prophet Muhammad - the qizilbash, or "red heads," should be purged from the country - Ismail was the "hidden" imam or even a reincarnation of Allah

Ismail was the "hidden" imam or even a reincarnation of Allah

After the Russian Revolution, why did the provisional government lose the support of many Russians? - It denied Russians the right to free speech and free press. - It promised to continue the war to victory. - It continued policies that discriminated against minorities. - It continued to use the police apparatus of the tsar. - It launched an all-out attack on the workers.

It promised to continue the war to victory.

What did the Catholic Church do in response to the challenges raised by the Protestant Reformation? - It summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen their spiritual commitment. - It launched a military campaign against the German states. - It split into two main branches: western (Roman) and eastern (Byzantine). - It abandoned its monasteries in Germany. - It abandoned the practice of selling indulgence.

It summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen their spiritual commitment.

Which of the following best describes the New Economic Policy (NEP)? - It temporarily restored the market economy and some private enterprise to Russia. - It contributed to Japan's impressive economic growth in the interwar years, leading to Japan's rise as one of the world's major industrial economies. - Failing to lift the American economy out of the Great Depression, it was abandoned in favor of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal in the mid-1930s. - It was seen as the first step in preparing British India for full independence. - It attempted to revive the failing economy of Weimar Germany by printing ever larger denominations of currency.

It temporarily restored the market economy and some private enterprise to Russia.

All of the following are true of the mita system EXCEPT which statement? - It affected a large portion of the indigenous population. - It led to high rates of death among workers. - It had been used by the Inca. - It was used by the Spanish at Potosi. - It was a form of slavery in that workers were not paid.

It was a form of slavery in that workers were not paid.

Which of the following is true of the Magna Carta? - It called for religious tolerance for all strands of Christianity but allowed for the continued prohibition of Islam. - It was an early attempt to limit the power of English kings. - It divided North America between Britain and France. - Its influence is felt most strongly in Russia, where annual commemorations and recitations are held to this day. - It established Protestantism (Church of England) as the official state religion in England.

It was an early attempt to limit the power of English kings.

Which of the following is true of the Magna Carta? - Its influence is felt most strongly in Russia, where annual commemorations and recitations are held to this day. - It divided North America between Britain and France. - It was an early attempt to limit the power of English kings. - It called for religious tolerance for all strands of Christianity but allowed for the continued prohibition of Islam. - It established Protestantism (Church of England) as the official state religion in England.

It was an early attempt to limit the power of English kings.

All of the following nations successfully developed nuclear weapons EXCEPT ________. - the USSR - France - Japan - the People's Republic of China - the United States

Japan

Which of the following is an example of assimilation as an imperial strategy? - British construction of railroads in India - German establishment of a sphere of influence in Shandong, China - Russian annexation of the Caucasus region - Japanese insistence that colonized Koreans and Taiwanese take on Japanese names - French purchase of rubber from plantations in Indochina

Japanese insistence that colonized Koreans and Taiwanese take on Japanese names

Mao Zedong's main rival after 1925 was?

Jiang Jieshi

Which world leader visited Berlin in 1963 and declared "Ich bin ein Berliner" (I am a citizen of Berlin)? - John F. Kennedy - Winston Churchill - Ronald Reagan - Helmut Kohl - Nikita Khrushchev

John F. Kennedy

Who championed the idea that the government can and should help an ailing economy by increasing the money supply and by direct spending on infrastructure and other projects? - Milton Friedman - John Maynard Keynes - Adam Smith - Karl Marx - Friedrich Hayek

John Maynard Keynes

Who reached the conclusion that cholera was a water-borne disease and could be prevented by boiling water? - Edward Jenner - Louis Pasteur - Edwin Chadwick - Jonas Salk - John Snow

John Snow

In the floating worlds in the major Japanese cities, one could find. - Kabuki theaters, brothels, public bathhouses, and teahouses - important Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples - decorated luxury boats floating over the river water - All of the answers are correct. - centers of neo-Confucian learning

Kabuki theaters, brothels, public bathhouses, and teahouses

What name was given to Japanese pilots who flew their planes into American ships on suicide missions? - Kamikaze - Kurosawa - Hirohito - Meiji - Tokugawa

Kamikaze

Women's suffrage was first granted in New Zealand largely due to the efforts of ________. - Susan B. Anthony - Catherine Helen Spence - Amal al Qubiasi - Emmeline Pankhurst - Kate Sheppard

Kate Sheppard

Who was the nationalist leader and first president of Ghana? - Idi Amin - Robert Mugabe - Kwame Nkrumah - Jomo Kenyatta - Jonas Savimbi

Kwame Nkrumah

Match the following people with the political philosophy they espoused: John Stuart Mill? - Conservatism - Liberalism - Radicalism

Liberalism

Match the label with the corresponding heritage. Peninsulare? - Of mixed European and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed African and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed European and African descent - People born on the Iberian peninsula - People of Iberian descent but born in the Americas

People born on the Iberian peninsula

What important occurrence happened in Nagasaki, Japan? - Tokugawa Japan created a vast fleet of "treasure ships" which traveled to Southeast Asia, India, and even the Middle East. - An attempted Chinese invasion of Japan was defeated when the invaders' fleets were destroyed by the "divine wind" (kamikaze). - Buddhist monks from India landed and introduced Buddhism to Japan. - The last feudal lord (daimyo) held out against the Tokugawa Shogun; he and his armies were destroyed only after a four-year siege. - Limited numbers of Dutch and Chinese were allowed to live and trade with Japanese.

Limited numbers of Dutch and Chinese were allowed to live and trade with Japanese.

Which of the following is true of Ferdinand Magellan's 1519-1522 voyage? - Magellan's voyage was funded by the Portuguese crown in an effort to find a western route to Asia. - Due to the stockpiling of citrus fruits on board, no members of Magellan's crew suffered from scurvy. - Magellan and the British explorer James Cook briefly met off of the coast of New Zealand. - Once Magellan demonstrated its feasibility, Europeans abandoned the previously-established trade routes around Africa in favor of his new western route across the Pacific. - Magellan himself did not complete the voyage, as he was killed in the Philippines in 1521.

Magellan himself did not complete the voyage, as he was killed in the Philippines in 1521.

Which of the following statements is true of Ferdinand Magellan's 1519-1522 voyage? - Once Magellan demonstrated its feasibility, Europeans abandoned the previously established trade routes around Africa in favor of his new western route across the Pacific. - Magellan and the British explorer James Cook briefly met off of the coast of New Zealand. - Magellan himself did not complete the voyage, as he was killed in the Philippines in 1521. - Magellan's voyage was funded by the Portuguese crown in an effort to find a western route to Asia. - Due to the stockpiling of citrus fruits on board, no members of Magellan's crew suffered from scurvy.

Magellan himself did not complete the voyage, as he was killed in the Philippines in 1521.

All of the following were seized by the Portuguese in their attempt to control Asian maritime trade EXCEPT ________. - Hormuz - Manila - Calicut - Goa - Melaka (Malacca)

Manila

Who emerged as the leader and principal theoretician of the Chinese communist movement in the 1930's?

Mao Zedong

Which of the following successfully convinced Tokugawa Japan to abandon its traditional policy of relative isolation in 1853? - Winfield Scott Schley - Matthew C. Perry - Robert Shufeldt - George Dewey - Douglas MacArthur

Matthew C. Perry

Seventeenth-century European philosopher John Locke became famous for articulating, among other things, his belief in the necessity of "rule by consent of the governed." A similar philosophy towards government was advocated centuries earlier by which East Asian philosopher? - Mencius - Siddhartha - Yi Hwang - Confucius - Rammohun Roy

Mencius

The 17th century European philosopher John Locke became famous for articulating, among other things, his belief in the necessity of "rule by consent of the governed." A similar philosophy towards government was advocated centuries earlier by which of the following East Asian philosophers? - Rammohun Roy - Siddhartha - Confucius - Yi Hwang - Mencius

Mencius

Which of the following could not be a leg of the triangular trans-Atlantic trade? - African slaves delivered to the Americas - Barbados rum sold to England - Mexican silver delivered to Manila - Barbados rum sold to North America - manufactured goods sold to Africans

Mexican silver delivered to Manila

All of the following are nations that were newly-created or resurrected immediately following the Great War EXCEPT ________. - Yugoslavia - Poland - Czechoslovakia - Moldova - Finland

Moldova

All of the following statements are true of sugar production in Portuguese-ruled Brazil EXCEPT which? - Sugar production was a complex process requiring heavy labor and specialized skills. - Most of the sugar produced in Brazil was transported to the Portuguese colony on Kamchatka, where it was sold to neighboring Russians. - Sugar initially had to be brought to Brazil because it was not native to the New World. - A ton of Brazilian sugar typically cost one human life to produce. - If a slave lasted five or six years, this allowed the plantation owner to double his investment and purchase a new slave when the old one died

Most of the sugar produced in Brazil was transported to the Portuguese colony on Kamchatka, where it was sold to neighboring Russians.

Which group fiercely resisted the Soviets in Afghanistan? - Viet Cong - Contras - Hukbalahap - Mujahideen - Shining Path

Mujahideen

Which two South African political figures worked together to dismantle apartheid and toward national reconciliation, earning them the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993? - Marcus Garvey and Bob Marley - Jomo Kenyatta and Edward Grigg - Kwame Nkrumah and the Duchess of Kent - Steve Biko and P.W. Botha - Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk

Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk

What is the difference between Neo-Malthusians or Cornucopians beliefs?

Neo-Malthusians believe there are limited resources for human survival. Cornucopians acknowledge limited resources but believe humans will always find a solution to this problem

Who is considered the "father of the Green Revolution"? - Thomas Robert Malthus - Hong Liangji - Norman Borlaug - William Vogt - Paul Ehrlich

Norman Borlaug

Match the label with the corresponding heritage. Zambo? - Of mixed European and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed African and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed European and African descent - People born on the Iberian peninsula - People of Iberian descent but born in the Americas

Of mixed African and indigenous (Native American) parentage

Match the label with the corresponding heritage. Mulatto? - Of mixed European and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed African and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed European and African descent - People born on the Iberian peninsula - People of Iberian descent but born in the Americas

Of mixed European and African descent

Match the label with the corresponding heritage. Mestizo? - Of mixed European and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed African and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed European and African descent - People born on the Iberian peninsula - People of Iberian descent but born in the Americas

Of mixed European and indigenous (Native American) parentage

All of the following statements are true of Father Eusebio Francisco Kino [Chino] except which? - On his last journey before his death, he ventured as far north as Oregon and wrote extensively about the Redwood and Sequoia forests he observed along the way. - He spent much of his adult life preaching and developing mission stations in the Sonora Desert. - He participated in the debate over the origin and significance of a comet that was widely observed in 1680. - The indigenous Pima people appeared to regard Kino as a healer-shaman. - His travels and mapmaking demonstrated that Baja California was not an island.

On his last journey before his death, he ventured as far north as Oregon and wrote extensively about the Redwood and Sequoia forests he observed along the way.

Which of the following is credited with bringing about the unification of Germany in 1871? - Hans Peter Geerdes - Helmut Kohl - Richard Wagner - Otto von Bismarck - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Otto von Bismarck

Which of the following men is credited with bringing about the unification of Germany in 1871? - Richard Wagner - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe - Hans Peter Geerdes - Otto von Bismarck - Helmut Kohl

Otto von Bismarck

Muhammad Ali Jinnah called for the creation of which country? - Palestine - Pakistan - Afghanistan - Saudi Arabia - Iraq

Pakistan

Which Latin American revolutionary was inspired by George Washington and the American Revolution? - Juan Peron - Carmen Miranda - Getúlio Vargas - Diego Rivera - Simon Bolivar

Simon Bolivar

Match the label with the corresponding heritage. Criollo? - Of mixed European and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed African and indigenous (Native American) parentage - Of mixed European and African descent - People born on the Iberian peninsula - People of Iberian descent but born in the Americas

People of Iberian descent but born in the Americas

What country did Germany invade starting WW2?

Poland

Which kingdom was "partitioned" or absorbed by Russia, Prussia, and Austria in the late 18th century, serving as a warning to other weak kingdoms to strengthen themselves or suffer a similar fate? - Romania - Switzerland - Poland - Finland - Sweden

Poland

What event is thought to have begun the "third wave" of democratization? - Czechoslovakia's "Velvet Revolution" - Ukraine's "Orange Revolution" - Lebanon's "Cedar Revolution" - Georgia's "Rose Revolution" - Portugal's "Carnation Revolution"

Portugal's "Carnation Revolution"

The Portuguese slave trade began in the mid-15th century with Portuguese raiders capturing African men and selling them in Europe. How had this trade changed by the mid-16th century? - Portuguese merchants bought slaves from African raiders and sold them to Europe and the Americas. - Portuguese raiders captured slaves and sold them to British merchants. - The Portuguese no longer participated in the slave trade. - Portuguese raiders captured slaves and sold them in the Americas. - The Portuguese bought slaves from Dutch raiders and sold them in the Americas.

Portuguese merchants bought slaves from African raiders and sold them to Europe and the Americas.

Although relations between Portugal and the Kongo were initially friendly, why was the Kongo ultimately destroyed? - Portuguese slave traders undermined the authority of the kings. - King Afonso converted to Islam. - The royal family resisted the efforts of Catholic missionaries. - The Kongo had no trade goods of any value to the Europeans. - Eighty percent (80%) of the population of Kongo died of malaria.

Portuguese slave traders undermined the authority of the kings.

Which individual is incorrectly paired with a scientific discovery? - Galileo and the principle of inertia - Newton and the principle of gravity - Kepler and the planetary orbits - Copernicus and the sun-centered model of the solar system - Ptolemy and the moons of Jupiter

Ptolemy and the moons of Jupiter

Match the following people with the political philosophy they espoused: Thomas Paine? - Conservatism - Liberalism - Radicalism

Radicalism

During the Great Depression, Latin American nations experienced all of the following except? - Rapidly rising investment in the region by U.S. bankers - Rapidly increasing unemployment rates - A sharp decline in the price of the region's exports - The drying-up of foreign capital investments - Rising tariffs and restrictions on foreign trade

Rapidly rising investment in the region by U.S. bankers

Match the following: V.I. Lenin? - "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." - "Workers of the World unite!" - Revolutionary Vanguard - The Communist International (Comintern) - "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."

Revolutionary Vanguard

All the nations of Eastern Europe saw their Communist regimes end peacefully EXCEPT ________. - Hungary - Czechoslovakia - Poland - Romania - East Germany

Romania

Correctly match the following nations with their Great War (World War I) alliance or coalition (Allies or Central Powers): - Russia - Austro-Hungarian Empire - Ottoman Empire - France - Great Britain - Germany

Russia (Allies) Austro-Hungarian Empire (Central Powers) Ottoman Empire (Central Powers) France (Allies) Great Britain (Allies) Germany (Central Powers)

Which Islamic empire expelled the Portuguese from Hormuz? - Mughal - Mali - Safavid - Songhay - Ottoman

Safavid

Match the following nation with the period (or "wave") in which they decolonized (achieved independence): Second Wave (1914-1945)? - United States - Ghana - Vietnam - Saudi Arabia - Georgia - Ireland - Peru - Ukraine

Saudi Arabia Ukraine

Match the following figures with their correct description. Adam Smith? - critic of capitalism; predicted revolution led by the proletariat (workers) - English Romantic poet; lamented industrialization's destruction of nature - Scottish economist; noted the productive potential of the division of labor

Scottish economist; noted the productive potential of the division of labor

What was Doña Marina's role in the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs? - She unwittingly infected many of her people with smallpox. - She bore Cortés a child, who would bring unity between both peoples. - She could speak several native languages and served as an interpreter. - She was the first Catholic convert. - She betrayed the secret entrance to Tenochtitlan.

She could speak several native languages and served as an interpreter.

How did Doña Marina (Malintzin) aid the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire? - She recognized the danger that smallpox posed to the Aztec and helped Cortés spread the disease by presenting gifts of smallpox-infected cloth to the Aztec. - She interpreted for Cortés, helping the Spanish communicate with and understand the Nahuatl-speaking Aztec. - She didn't help the Spanish. Rather, she led a brave but ultimately failed attempt to defeat Cortés and his armies. - She was given by Motecuhzoma to Cortés in marriage, which meant that their son inherited rulership of the Aztecs. - She guided Cortés and his soldiers through a secret passage into the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan.

She interpreted for Cortés, helping the Spanish communicate with and understand the Nahuatl-speaking Aztec.

Which Latin American revolutionary was inspired by George Washington and the American Revolution? - Diego Rivera - Getúlio Vargas - Carmen Miranda - Juan Peron - Simon Bolivar

Simon Bolivar

Which of the following best describes the present-day status of slavery? - Slavery is universally illegal but widely practiced, with between 21 and 46 million people still enslaved today. - Slavery is illegal in the industrialized world but still legal in parts of Africa and Asia, with more than 10 million people still enslaved today. - Slavery is universally illegal and widely eradicated, with fewer than 23,000 people still enslaved today. - Slavery is permitted only in cases of people captured in wars; some 5 million people have fallen into slavery in this manner. - Slavery was once universally illegal, but dozens of nations have "backslid" and now legally allow slavery, with more than 20 million people still enslaved today.

Slavery is universally illegal but widely practiced, with between 21 and 46 million people still enslaved today.

What is the current status of smallpox in the world? - Once entirely absent in human populations, smallpox is making a comeback in places like Western Europe and the United States due to the refusal of some families to be vaccinated. - Smallpox has been eradicated everywhere except for Afghanistan and Somalia, both of which have refused to allow UN-sponsored vaccination campaigns within their borders. - Smallpox has been entirely eradicated in human populations and exists only in research laboratories. - Smallpox has been eliminated in most of the advanced industrial world but remains an endemic feature in much of the "Global South." - The failure to develop an effective vaccine has meant that smallpox remains one of the deadliest diseases today.

Smallpox has been entirely eradicated in human populations and exists only in research laboratories.

Gandhi embraced a moral philosophy of tolerance and nonviolence (ahimsa) during the twenty-five years he spent in?

South Africa

East Asia can be categorized by Japan and the Four tigers/ Four dragons. What countries constitute the four?

South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore

Why did the production of sugar differ from that of other agricultural commodities of the western hemisphere? - Sugar production was particularly hard on the environment. - African slaves were the only ones who knew how to grow sugar cane. - Sugar was extremely profitable with very little investment. - Sugar cane required extensive processing to turn it into a profitable export. - It was only possible to grow in Brazil, and it had an extremely short growing season.

Sugar cane required extensive processing to turn it into a profitable export.

All of the following are true of sugar production in Portuguese-ruled Brazil EXCEPT which statement? - If a slave lasted five or six years, this allowed the plantation owner to double his investment and purchase a new slave when the old one died. - A ton of Brazilian sugar typically cost one human life to produce. - Sugar plantation (egenho) owners relied primarily on Portuguese indentured servants for labor. - Sugar plantation (egenho) owners relied first on indigenous (Native American) labor but soon turned to African slaves. - Sugar production was a complex process requiring heavy labor and specialized skills.

Sugar plantation (egenho) owners relied primarily on Portuguese indentured servants for labor.

In 1912, who became the first provisional president of what would become the Republic of China?

Sun Yatsen

What did the work of Isaac Newton suggest? - God was indifferent to the prayers and concerns of humanity. - Time and space were relative, not absolute constructs. - The stars and planets were part of a unified system, governed by the same natural laws. - It was possible to mathematically prove the existence of God. - The solar system was only one of many thousand such systems in an infinite universe.

The stars and planets were part of a unified system, governed by the same natural laws.

All of the following statements are true of the Taino (Arawak) EXCEPT which? - Taino weapons such as poison darts allowed the Taino to successfully resist the Spanish well into the 17th century, especially on the island of Jamaica. - The Taino were the first Native American peoples to be encountered by the Europeans. - Some Taino words—canoe, hammock, hurricane, etc.—became part of European vocabulary. - The Taino population declined in the early 16th century due to the harshness of Spanish-imposed encomienda labor requirements. - The Taino population declined in the mid-16th century due to European diseases such as smallpox.

Taino weapons such as poison darts allowed the Taino to successfully resist the Spanish well into the 17th century, especially on the island of Jamaica.

Many observers feared that ethnic tension and unrest in which region would lead to a Europe-wide conflict? - The Pyrenees - The Baltics - The Balkans - The Low Countries - Scandinavia

The Balkans

All of the following are reasons why African slaves were in demand for the New World EXCEPT which? - Sugar plantations in the Caribbean required considerable labor. - The Black Plague reduced Europe's population so much that there weren't enough Europeans to meet the New World labor demands. - Spanish and Portuguese conquerors disdained manual labor. - Native peoples frequently escaped into the hinterlands. - So many Native Americans died from imported diseases.

The Black Plague reduced Europe's population so much that there weren't enough Europeans to meet the New World labor demands.

All of the following statements are true of the British Empire in India EXCEPT which? - One aim of British rule was to force its Indian subjects to purchase cotton textiles produced by British factories. - The British constructed India's first railroad network. - After the 1857 Sepoy Rebellion, the British government dissolved East India Company rule in India and began formal administration of its holdings in India. - The British championed assimilation, seeking to make all of its Indian subjects learn and speak English. - A significant portion of the Indian subcontinent remained under the putative control of "princely states," whose rulers enjoyed autonomy as long as they remained loyal to the British.

The British championed assimilation, seeking to make all of its Indian subjects learn and speak English.

Match the following: Joseph Stalin? - "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs." - "Workers of the World unite!" - Revolutionary Vanguard - The Communist International (Comintern) - "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."

The Communist International (Comintern)

Match the following: Oswald Spengler? - Uncertainty Principle - theory of relativity - psychoanalysis - Cubism - The Decline of the West

The Decline of the West

Which of the following is true about the Haitian Revolution? - The revolution began after anti-Napoleon French revolutionaries travelled to Haiti and held secret meetings to discuss democratic values. - Napoleon was so impressed by the Haitian revolutionaries that he abolished slavery throughout the French Empire. - The French troops sent to quash the rebellion were hindered by the outbreak of yellow fever in their ranks, an ironic turn of events considering the exchange of disease that initially decimated the native populations of the Americas. - A large faction of slaves became disaffected by the broader revolutionary ideals and formed a separate group that eventually became Haiti's Konviksyon political party. - The rebellion spread to the Dominican port city Santo Domingo after several former slaves captured a French ship and began smuggling supplies into Haiti.

The French troops sent to quash the rebellion were hindered by the outbreak of yellow fever in their ranks, an ironic turn of events considering the exchange of disease that initially decimated the native populations of the Americas.

Which of the following best describes the influence of the Hajj pilgrimage on Muslim religious identity? - The Hajj had a minimal impact on Muslim religious identity because Suleyman the Great banned the pilgrimages in 1530. - The Hajj became a cause for war as Shi'ite and Sunni Muslims fought for control of pilgrimage routes and sites. - The Hajj lost legitimacy in the eyes of many Muslims after the British seized control of Mecca and Medina in 1789. - The Hajj unified Muslims as pilgrims of various backgrounds and ethnicities, and all participated in the same rituals. - The Hajj divided Muslims as pilgrims from different countries competing to have the most opulent and lavish costumes and entourages.

The Hajj unified Muslims as pilgrims of various backgrounds and ethnicities, and all participated in the same rituals.

What was the chief result of the British Macartney Embassy sent to the Qing Empire (China) in 1792-1794? - The British Empire declared war on the Qing Empire and began shelling Chinese port cities. - The British seized the Portuguese enclave of Macau. - The Qianlong Emperor rejected Macartney's requests that relations between Britain and the Qing Empire be based on Westphalian principles. - The Qing Empire sent several hundred students to study in Europe. - The Qing Empire agreed to allow a British ambassador to be stationed in Beijing.

The Qianlong Emperor rejected Macartney's requests that relations between Britain and the Qing Empire be based on Westphalian principles.

What was the chief result of the British Macartney Embassy sent to the Qing Empire (China) in 1792-1794? - The Qianlong Emperor rejected Macartney's requests that relations between Britain and the Qing Empire be based on Westphalian principles. - The British Empire declared War on the Qing Empire and began shelling Chinese port cities. - The British seized the Portuguese enclave of Macau. - The Qing Empire agreed to allow a British ambassador to be stationed in Beijing. - The Qing Empire sent several hundred students to study in Europe.

The Qianlong Emperor rejected Macartney's requests that relations between Britain and the Qing Empire be based on Westphalian principles.

Which of the following is true of the world in 1500? - The vast majority of people seldom traveled far from where they were born. - Although Eurasia was home to the most complex kingdoms and empires, the largest population centers were found in Africa and Central and South America. - The most powerful army in the world in 1500 was the Wakandan war rhino corps. - People were generally much less likely to be subjected to violence in 1500 than today. - Because of weak ruling structures, most people were free to choose where and how they labored and to keep to fruits of the labor.

The vast majority of people seldom traveled far from where they were born.

What was one legacy of the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo volcanic eruption? - The decision of the United States to abandon its military bases in the Philippines; the volcano had damaged the Subic Bay Naval Base, which made heeding the calls of the Filipino people to leave all the easier. - The decision of China to seek reconciliation with the Soviet Union; Chinese leaders feared that the volcano was a signal that they had lost the Mandate of Heaven. - The success of Canadian rocker Bryan Adams, who penned several songs about the volcano. - The decision of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) to lay down their arms and enter into negotiations with the Colombian government; the volcano had destroyed FARC's most lucrative coca fields. - The collapse of the Soviet Union; the damage the volcano caused to Moscow and Leningrad (later St. Petersburg) was so great that the Soviets couldn't recover.

The decision of the United States to abandon its military bases in the Philippines; the volcano had damaged the Subic Bay Naval Base, which made heeding the calls of the Filipino people to leave all the easier.

What is the central tenet of the divine-right theory of government? - Power and authority are based on a contract between the sovereign and his citizens. - The king derives his authority from God alone and is not accountable to his subjects. - God is the real sovereign, and the Church represents His authority in earthly matters. - The people and the state exist only to enrich the sovereign. - The king has a divine mandate to serve his people well; if he violates that trust, then he can be overthrown.

The king derives his authority from God alone and is not accountable to his subjects.

Which of the following best describes the results of the Tet Offensive? - The resounding defeat of the North Vietnamese and the Viet Cong led to turmoil among the communists who were saved from destruction only by direct intervention by the People's Republic of China. - The limited victory of the South Vietnamese and the Americans was overshadowed by the propaganda victory of the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong, who had proven that—contrary to American declarations—they were far from being on their last legs or "on the ropes." - The limited victory of the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong allowed them to extend the borders of North Vietnam as far south as the 15th parallel. - The resounding victory of the North Vietnamese and the Viet Cong led to the entire overthrow of South Vietnam within a matter of months. - The limited victory of the South Vietnamese and the Americans resulted in a six-month ceasefire as both sides sought a negotiated end to the conflict.

The limited victory of the South Vietnamese and the Americans was overshadowed by the propaganda victory of the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong, who had proven that—contrary to American declarations—they were far from being on their last legs or "on the ropes."

Which of the following statements best describes the American military presence in the post-Cold War world? - The number of US military bases actually increased after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. - Once the Cold War threat receded, the United States significantly reduced the number of its overseas bases, recouping a huge "peace dividend." - By the 2010s, the number of American military bases was rivaled and then eclipsed by the number of Chinese military bases. - The United States agreed to share its military bases with any of its NATO allies or APEC partners. - The United States consistently refused to give up its Cold War-era military bases even when the host country official requested it.

The number of US military bases actually increased after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks.

Which of the following is the most accurate description of global population during the period 1500-present? - The spread of beneficial food crops meant that global population in 1800 (900 million) was more than double that of 1500 (425 million). - We lack the data to make any meaningful conclusions regarding global population before 1950. - Global population remained more or less steady at 600 million until the beginning of the 19th century when fossil fuels and industrialization spurred an enormous population explosion. - While the Columbian Exchange facilitated the spread of beneficial food crops, it also facilitated the spread of deleterious crops such as sugar and tobacco, as well as the growth of the African slave trade; therefore, the population remained more or less constant. - Global population repeatedly rose and fell as new waves of disease wiped out previous population gains.

The spread of beneficial food crops meant that global population in 1800 (900 million) was more than double that of 1500 (425 million).

Which of the following is the most accurate description of global population? - Global population remained more or less steady at 600 million until the beginning of the nineteenth century when fossil fuels and industrialization spurred an enormous population explosion. - The spread of beneficial food crops meant that global population in 1800 (900 million) was more than double that of 1500 (425 million). - While the Columbian Exchange facilitated the spread of beneficial food crops, it also facilitated the spread of deleterious crops such as sugar and tobacco, as well as the growth of the African slave trade; therefore, the population remained more or less constant. - Global population repeatedly rose and fell as new waves of disease wiped out previous population gains. - We lack the data to make any meaningful conclusions regarding global population before 1950.

The spread of beneficial food crops meant that global population in 1800 (900 million) was more than double that of 1500 (425 million).

Which of the following is the most accurate description of global population? - Global population repeatedly rose and fell as new waves of disease wiped out previous population gains. - While the Columbian Exchange facilitated the spread of beneficial food crops, it also facilitated the spread of deleterious crops such as sugar and tobacco as well as the growth of the African slave trade; therefore, population remained more or less constant. - The spread of beneficial food crops meant that global population in 1800 (900 million) was more than double that of 1500 (425 million). - Global population remained more or less steady at 600 million until the beginning of the 19th century when fossil fuels and industrialization spurred an enormous population explosion. - We lack the data to make any meaningful conclusions regarding global population before 1950.

The spread of beneficial food crops meant that global population in 1800 (900 million) was more than double that of 1500 (425 million).

How did the United States acquire Hawai'i? - They made a purchase treaty with the Hawaiian people. - They annexed the islands after American planters had overthrown the monarchy. - They seized the islands by force in order to provide a naval base in the Pacific. - They purchased the islands from Spain in the wake of the Spanish-American War. - They secretly sponsored a rebellion against the Hawaiian monarchy.

They annexed the islands after American planters had overthrown the monarchy.

Which of the following is true of the Manila Galleons? - After winning the Battles of La Naval de Manila in the Philippines (1646), the Dutch took control of the Manila Galleons and profited greatly thereby. - They facilitated the transfer of New World silver to China. - In years with strong el niño currents, the Manila Galleons would return to the New World via the Indian and Atlantic Oceans rather than crossing the Pacific. - In order to maximize speed and cargo capacity, the Manila Galleons were unarmed.

They facilitated the transfer of New World silver to China.

Which of the following is true of the Manila Galleons? - In years with strong el niño currents, the Manila Galleons would return to the New World via the Indian and Atlantic Oceans rather than crossing the Pacific. - Elites in the Philippines built their homes with wood salvaged from Manila Galleon shipwrecks. - In order to maximize speed and cargo capacity, the Manila Galleons were unarmed. - After winning the Battles of La Naval de Manila in the Philippines (1646), the Dutch took control of the Manila Galleons and profited greatly thereby. - They facilitated the transfer of New World silver to China.

They facilitated the transfer of New World silver to China.

All of the following statements describe the Manchus EXCEPT which? - They established the Qing dynasty. - They ruled China from the Forbidden City in Beijing. - They spoke a different language from their ethnic Chinese subjects. - They rejected Confucian principles in favor of a Mongol-style tribal council. - They were nomadic warriors from Manchuria.

They rejected Confucian principles in favor of a Mongol-style tribal council.

All of the following are Cold War-era quotations or phrases of Ronald Reagan EXCEPT ________. - "We begin bombing in five minutes." - "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall." - "We win and they lose." - "This man has a nice smile, but he's got iron teeth." - "Evil Empire."

This man has a nice smile, but he's got iron teeth.

According to John McNeill, who "had more impact on the atmosphere than any other single organism in earth history"? - Thomas Midgley - Julian Simon - William Vogt - Andrea Bocelli - Paul Ehrlich

Thomas Midgley

Where did the PRC brutally suppress public protests in 1989? - Hong Kong - Taibei - Tiananmen Square - Xinjiang - Mount Changbai

Tiananmen Square

The 17-century French monarch Louis XIV strengthened his control over unruly nobles by encouraging them, sometimes forcefully, to spend long periods of time at his summer "hunting lodge" in Versailles. Which 17th-century Asian power employed a similar tactic for strengthening central power over potentially rebellious vassals? - Safavid Empire (Shi'ite pilgrimages) - Ottoman Empire (janissaries) - Qing Dynasty China (civil service exam) - Mughal Empire (divine faith) - Tokugawa Shogunate (alternate attendance)

Tokugawa Shogunate (alternate attendance)

Match the following: Werner Heisenberg? - Uncertainty Principle - theory of relativity - psychoanalysis - Cubism - The Decline of the West

Uncertainty Principle

Napoleon's final battlefield defeat was at ________. - Waterloo - Moscow - Austerlitz - Trafalgar - Heilsberg

Waterloo

During the Age of Anxiety, where was hyperinflation particularly acute? - Weimar Germany - British India - the United States - Great Britain - Imperial Japan

Weimar Germany

Cecil Rhodes was ________. - one of the earliest theoreticians of imperialism - a French chef who introduced baguettes to Indochina and created the Banh mi sandwich - an American inventor of the telegraph - a British imperialist and diamond magnate in Africa - an English author and poet who wrote "The White Man's Burden"

a British imperialist and diamond magnate in Africa

Who was Edmund Burke? - a British Protestant who invited William of Orange to invade England - a leading merchant in the British East India Company - a British political philosopher who championed tradition and gradual change - an American revolutionary who urged Americans to model their government after the Iroquois Confederation - a French Enlightenment thinker who attacked the power of the Catholic Church

a British political philosopher who championed tradition and gradual change

Who was Frantz Fanon? - the first non-European President of the International Monetary Fund - an American thinker who coined the term "the end of history" - a British political scientist who wrote The Great Illusion - a French West Indian psychiatrist who wrote The Wretched of the Earth - a Jewish activist who helped create the state of Israel in 1948

a French West Indian psychiatrist who wrote The Wretched of the Earth

Who was Marcus Garvey? - a leader of the Mumbo cult - a silent film star popular in Britain and the Caribbean - a Jamaican Pan-Africanist leader - a mobilizer of Africans to revolt against British rule during the Great War - a member of the "new elite" of African colonies who became president of Kenya

a Jamaican Pan-Africanist leader

What was the Kristallnacht? - a new artistic movement that flourished after World War I - the Russian term for the destructive civil war that followed the revolution - Hitler's political treatise that expressed his main ideas - a German term for the sense of disillusionment that World War I created - a Nazi-arranged attack on thousands of Jewish stores

a Nazi-arranged attack on thousands of Jewish stores

The sea route to the Indian Ocean discovered by Vasco da Gama offered European merchants ________. - the opportunity to learn from Chinese shipwrights how to build "treasure ships" - quicker access to the slave trade of West Africa - a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants - a chance to trade with Muslim intermediaries - proof that the earth was round

a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants

The sea route to the Indian Ocean sailed by Vasco da Gama offered European merchants ________. - a chance to trade with Muslim intermediaries - proof that the earth was round - the opportunity to learn from Chinese shipwrights how to build "treasure ships" - a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants - quicker access to the slave trade of West Africa

a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants

The sea route to the Indian Ocean sailed by Vasco da Gama offered European merchants ________. - quicker access to the slave trade of West Africa - proof that the earth was round - a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants - the opportunity to learn from Chinese shipwrights how to build "treasure ships" -a chance to trade with Muslim intermediaries

a chance to buy goods directly from Indian merchants

The person with the lowest status in the Chinese household was. - a daughter-in-law - an unmarried son - dead ancestors - the mother of grown sons - a young husband

a daughter-in-law

All of the following are indications or manifestations of global warming EXCEPT ________. - shrinking or vanishing glaciers - reductions in the thickness and extent of sea ice in the northern polar region - direct scientific measurements of temperature over the past several decades - Japanese cherry blossoms reaching their peak earlier and earlier in the year - a growing simplification of ecosystems dominated by humans and livestock

a growing simplification of ecosystems dominated by humans and livestock

What is laterite? - a member of militant environmental group who believes that consumption must be deferred to later - an ocean current that, stimulated by global warming, has created the Great Pacific Garbage Patch - a rare earth mineral crucial to the development of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) computer chips - a reddish soil which is often found in tropical rainforests and which hardens in direct sunlight - a chemical compound used in refrigeration and aerosol propellants

a reddish soil which is often found in tropical rainforests and which hardens in direct sunlight

What was the Chinese May Fourth Movement? - a student-led protest at the handover of the German sphere of influence in China to Japan - a group of Chinese who advocated the breaking up of the Chinese Republic into four separate nation-states - a reactionary political movement that called for a return to the fundamentals of Confucianism - a millenarian Buddhist movement who predicted the end of the world on May 4, 1919 - a group of Japanese sympathizers who openly called for Japanese colonization of China

a student-led protest at the handover of the German sphere of influence in China to Japan

What did the German Schlieffen Plan call for? - simultaneous invasions of France, Britain, and Russia with heavy reliance on the navy - a swift knockout of France combined with defensive action against Russia - a quick invasion of Russia so that the war would only be fought on one front - a blockade of France to starve that country into submission - a quick invasion of Great Britain and destruction of the British navy

a swift knockout of France combined with defensive action against Russia

European and Arab mariners in the fifteenth century determined latitude by measuring the angle of the sun or pole star above the horizon with a(n) ________. - astrolabe or cross staff - armillary sphere - mechanical clock - magnetic compass - telescope

astrolabe or cross staff

All of the following are crops that originated in the New World EXCEPT the ________. - tomato - peanut - chili pepper - banana - potato

banana

The Meiji Restoration moved aggressively to ________. - build a powerful economy - eliminate the emperor - prevent further contact with foreign nations - restore traditional values and economic practices - send thousands of Shinto missionaries throughout East Asia

build a powerful economy

After Mexico angered American oil companies by nationalizing its oil industry in 1938, the Roosevelt administration? - called for a negotiated resolution - declared war - intervened in Mexico with military forces called for economic sanction against Mexico - did nothing

called for a negotiated resolution

Who benefited most from the religious controversy generated by the Reformation? - the Islamic empires, because Europe was divided and weakened - the peasants, because they were able to leave the estates and move into the cities - the people, because they had religious freedom - centralizing monarchs, because they gained more independent authority - the Catholic Church, because it gained more committed supporters

centralizing monarchs, because they gained more independent authority

Who benefited most from the religious controversy generated by the Reformation? - the people, because they had religious freedom - the peasants, because they were able to leave the estates and move to the cities - the Islamic empires, because Europe was divided and weakened - centralizing monarchs, because they gained more independent authority - the Catholic Church, because it gained more committed supporters

centralizing monarchs, because they gained more independent authority

From the perspective of the consumer, the factory system meant. - cheaper manufactured goods - fewer choices in manufactured goods - manufactured goods priced beyond the means of many consumers - acute shortages of many manufactured items - lower quality manufactured goods

cheaper manufactured goods

According to Kenneth Pomeranz in his work, The Great Divergence, which two factors were critical in Britain's first-ever development of industrialization? - coal and colonies - pride and prejudice - leadership and learning - competition and corporations - land and liberty

coal and colonies

According to Kenneth Pomeranz in his work, The Great Divergence, which two factors were critical in Britain's first-ever development of industrialization? - competition and corporations - pride and prejudice - leadership and learning - land and liberty - coal and colonies

coal and colonies

All of the following improved communication between India and Britain EXCEPT the ________. - invention of the telegraph - use of steamships - laying of submarine cables - completion of the Suez Canal - completion of the Panama Canal

completion of the Panama Canal

According to traditional Confucian values, merchants were ________. - considered "mean people" - ineligible for civil service positions - entirely ignored - honored for their contributions to society - considered social parasites

considered social parasites

All of the following are general characteristics of imperialism in the nineteenth century EXCEPT ________. - imperial condescension - significance of technology - centrality of maritime empires - use of treaties and international law - continued global domination of the Spanish Empire

continued global domination of the Spanish Empire

All of the following are general characteristics of imperialism in the nineteenth century EXCEPT ________. - imperial condescension - significance of technology - use of treaties and international law - centrality of maritime empires - continued global domination of the Spanish Empire

continued global domination of the Spanish Empire

New institutions that supported early capitalism included all of the following EXCEPT ________. - craft guilds - joint-stock companies - stock exchanges - banks and lending institutions - insurance companies

craft guilds

Match the following figures with their correct description. Karl Marx? - critic of capitalism; predicted revolution led by the proletariat (workers) - English Romantic poet; lamented industrialization's destruction of nature - Scottish economist; noted the productive potential of the division of labor

critic of capitalism; predicted revolution led by the proletariat (workers)

All of the following are examples of Enlightenment ideals EXCEPT. - divine right of kings - equality - freedom - progress - popular sovereignty

divine right of kings

The Peace of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years' War, ensured that ________. - Germany would be unified as a single nation-state - each nation was permitted to direct its own internal affairs - the Ottoman Empire would be divided up among the victors of the War - the nations of Europe would continue to go to war over religion - the overwhelming power of the Pope was the new principle of European diplomacy

each nation was permitted to direct its own internal affairs

The Peace of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years' War, ensured that ________. - the nations of Europe would continue to go to war over religion - the overwhelming power of the Pope was the new principle of European diplomacy - the Ottoman Empire would be divided up among the victors of the War - each nation was permitted to direct its own internal affairs - Germany would be unified as a single nation-state

each nation was permitted to direct its own internal affairs

The reforms of Akbar included all the following EXCEPT ________. - a centralized administrative structure with ministers appointed to regional provinces - education and basic rights for Indian women - a syncretic religion, called "divine faith," which stressed loyalty to the emperor - religious toleration for Hindus - conquest of Gujurat and Bengal

education and basic rights for Indian women

All of the following are elements usually found in fascist polities and societies EXCEPT ________. - emphasis on class struggle - a corporatist economy - glorification of the leader - emphasis on the collective or group - glorification of the military

emphasis on class struggle

When it achieved its independence from Portugal, Brazil became a(n) . - commune - chaotic anarchy - representative republic - empire - democracy

empire

The Meiji Restoration ________. - restored the Emperor to absolute power, enabling him to make all significant decisions of state - was the return of the Emperor to Japan after three generations of exile on the island of Taiwan - slowed Japan's modernization by at least five decades - enabled a group of oligarchs to set Japan on a course of rapid industrialization and modernization - was the return of Japan to Chinese rule during the Qing Dynasty

enabled a group of oligarchs to set Japan on a course of rapid industrialization and modernization

The Napoleonic Code ________. - restored the Estates General to power - was the terms of Napoleon's surrender after the failure of war with Russia - was adopted only in France and had little influence beyond France's borders - enshrined the idea of legal equality of all French males - sent more than 40,000 French citizens to the guillotine during the Reign of Terror

enshrined the idea of legal equality of all French males

In general, Napoleon championed ________. - equality under the law but not political freedom - the restoration of the ancien régime - freedom of expression but only for the aristocracy - all the rights of citizenship proclaimed by the National Assembly - political freedom but not social equality

equality under the law but not political freedom

Olaudah Equiano's experience contributed to the abolishment of slavery because he ________. - served as a legal representative for slaves in the United States - trained an army of West Africans who successfully expelled most European slave traders from the region - returned to Africa as a Christian missionary - exposed the horrors of slavery, particularly the middle passage, to a European audience - established the underground railroad

exposed the horrors of slavery, particularly the middle passage, to a European audience

Who made up the Third Estate in pre-Revolutionary France? - the monarchy - the nobility - the press - Catholic clergy - farmers, artisans, and workers

farmers, artisans, and workers

Who were the "night witches"? - Korean and other women from the Japanese Empire who were forced to be sex slaves for Japanese soldiers and officers - British ATS spotters who warned the RAF of approaching German planes - female French resistance fighters known for their nighttime sabotage of German equipment and infrastructure - female pilots in the Soviet Union - American female workers who were famous for working the night shift at factories

female pilots in the Soviet Union

Silver mined by the Spanish in the Americas ________. - had little impact on the global economy since most of the world's economies used gold, not silver - was usually stolen by pirates before it could reach Spain - mostly ended up in Spanish royal treasuries where it was carefully guarded and hoarded - financed Spain's army and bureaucracy and lubricated markets throughout Europe - was primarily used to pay indigenous laborers for their work in mines and on plantations

financed Spain's army and bureaucracy and lubricated markets throughout Europe

Which of the following resulted in the largest number of deaths? - atomic bombing of Hiroshima - atomic bombing of Nagasaki - bombing of Dresden - firebombing of Tokyo - bombing of London

firebombing of Tokyo

In 1900, more than 50% of Americans died due to ________. - infectious diseases - diabetes - cancer - accidents - heart disease

infectious diseases

The isolationism of the Tokugawa government included ________. - forbidding scholars of neo-Confucianism from teaching in Japan - banning all foreign religions such as Confucianism and Buddhism - forbidding Chinese and Dutch merchants from trading at Nagasaki - banning writing using Chinese characters - forbidding Japanese from going abroad

forbidding Japanese from going abroad

One of the biggest results of the artistic experimentation of the 1920s and 1930s was that ________. - a set of criteria was established that allowed art students to distinguish between "good" and "bad" art - impressionism was recognized as the single best art form - generally accepted standards that distinguished between "good" and "bad" art disappeared - photography was no longer considered a legitimate art form - artists learned to adhere to accepted public definitions of reality

generally accepted standards that distinguished between "good" and "bad" art disappeared

The ideas of the Enlightenment challenged long-term assumptions about sovereignty and instead proposed that ________. - governments are bound to the will of the people - all government is inherently unjust; humans are better off living in a state of nature - true government stems from religious authority - church and state should be entirely separate - the best form of government is autocracy

governments are bound to the will of the people

The Long March _______. - was the final victory for the Guomindang - greatly strengthened Mao Zedong's leadership position - forced Mao Zedong to flee China and hide in the Soviet Union - destroyed Mao Zedong's credibility with the Chinese - left Jiang Jieshi in complete control of the Chinese Communist Party

greatly strengthened Mao Zedong's leadership position

Muhammad Ali Jinnah?

headed the Muslim League

Which of the following was NOT one of the foundations of Gandhi's philosophy? - An attempt to improve the position of the harijans - Boycotting British goods - Heavy industrialization - Passive resistance - Economic self-sufficiency

heavy industrialization

Match the following figures with their most accurate description or accomplishment: Eli Whitney? - Father of the American Industrial Revolution - interchangeable parts - scientific management - assembly line and mass production - "National System" of economics

interchangeable parts

All of the following are examples of Axis technological or tactical superiority over the Allies EXCEPT. - blitzkrieg ("lightning war") - kamikaze ("divine wind") - the V2 rocket - the Japanese Mitsubishi A6M "Zero" fighter - the Me 262 jet fighter

kamikaze ("divine wind")

Overall industrialization resulted in ________. - larger and more developed economies in the Southern Hemisphere as compared to the Northern Hemisphere - larger and more developed economies in the Northern Hemisphere as compared to the Southern Hemisphere - larger and more developed economies in the Eastern Hemisphere as compared to the Western Hemisphere - a relatively uniform and equal distribution of large and developed economies across the globe - larger and more developed economies in the Western Hemisphere as compared to the Eastern Hemisphere

larger and more developed economies in the Northern Hemisphere as compared to the Southern Hemisphere

Overall, what effect did industrialization have on economies around the globe? - larger and more developed economies in the Eastern Hemisphere as compared to the Western Hemisphere - a relatively uniform and equal distribution of large and developed economies across the globe - larger and more developed economies in the Southern Hemisphere as compared to the Northern Hemisphere - larger and more developed economies in the Western Hemisphere as compared to the Eastern Hemisphere - larger and more developed economies in the Northern Hemisphere as compared to the Southern Hemisphere

larger and more developed economies in the Northern Hemisphere as compared to the Southern Hemisphere

All of the following are animals first domesticated in Eurasia EXCEPT the ________. - sheep - horse - llama - cow - pig

llama

All of the following are economic advantages enjoyed by Britain in the eighteenth century EXCEPT ________. - access to water transportation - local sources of raw cotton - abundant skilled and unskilled labor - sources of capital for investment - abundant and accessible coal deposits

local sources of raw cotton

What best describes the PRC's current political system? - market authoritarian - communist - capitalist - military dictatorship - anarcho-syndicalist

market authoritarian

Politically, all three of the Islamic states began as ________. - military states - oligarchies, dominated by the merchant class - constitutional monarchies - feudal aristocracies - tribal councils

military states

The most valuable commodity or commodities for the Spanish in the Americas was/were ________. - furs - tobacco - sugar and rum - minerals like silver and gold - timber

minerals like silver and gold

Queen Nzinga of Ndongo (Angola) resisted the Portuguese conquest of Angola by ________. - making the hajj pilgrimage to Mecca to enlist Muslim support against the Europeans - marriage to Dutch aristocracy - mobilizing military resistance to the Portuguese - entering into a trade alliance with Portugal - forging a military alliance with neighboring Kongo

mobilizing military resistance to the Portuguese

All of the following were used in battle in the Great War EXCEPT. - nuclear weapons - dreadnoughts - poison gas - flamethrowers - airplanes

nuclear weapons

All of the following aided the Spanish conquest of the Aztec EXCEPT. - dogs - disease - numerical superiority - metal armor and weapons - horses - guns

numerical superiority

Which Western good finally broke open the Chinese market? - automobiles - clocks - woolen textiles - telegraph equipment - opium

opium

Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev was responsible for, or associated with, all of the following EXCEPT ________. - negotiating the end of the Cuban Missile Crisis with John F. Kennedy - ordering the Berlin Blockade - engaging in the "Kitchen Debate" with Richard Nixon - a "secret speech" denouncing Stalin's cult of personality - declaring "We will bury you!"

ordering the Berlin Blockade

The indigenous religions of sub-Saharan African were essentially. - monotheistic, worshiping a supreme creator - polytheistic, recognizing numerous local gods as well as a single creator god - syncretic, taking the best from a variety of religions - universal, affirming that all religions are essentially the same - messianic, worshipping a personal savior

polytheistic, recognizing numerous local gods as well as a single creator god

All of the following are general characteristics of imperialism in the nineteenth century EXCEPT the ________. - importance of technological advances such as the steamship, telegraph, and maxim gun - use of treaties and international law to support imperialism - shift to formal imperial rule in the late nineteenth-century age of "high imperialism" - practice of granting home rule and independence to colonies that attained an acceptable level of progress - importance of commerce as a motivation for imperialism

practice of granting home rule and independence to colonies that attained an acceptable level of progress

What were dreadnoughts primarily designed to do? - be quick and agile and slip through an enemy blockade - protect merchant shipping and conduct high-seas battles - launch underwater attacks with unmanned torpedoes - spy on one's enemies - kill enemies with poison gas

protect merchant shipping and conduct high-seas battles

Which of the following is one of the reasons why Eurasia was predominant in the world in 1500? - access to the most strategic metals and minerals - a large number of navigable rivers that facilitated trade - proximity to the largest number of domesticable animals - more land to farm due to the large size of Eurasia - a warmer climate compared to other continents

proximity to the largest number of domesticable animals

Which of the following is one of the reasons why Eurasia was predominant in the world in 1500? - its large size, which meant more land to farm - access to the most strategic metals and minerals - proximity to the largest number of domesticable animals - a warmer climate compared to other continents - a large number of navigable rivers, facilitating trade

proximity to the largest number of domesticable animals

Match the following: Sigmund Freud? - Uncertainty Principle - theory of relativity - psychoanalysis - Cubism - The Decline of the West

psychoanalysis

Settlements of runaway slaves in Brazil were known as ________. - bandeirantes - audiencias - quilombos - criollos - encomiendas

quilombos

What was the most decisive factor that helped Great Britain win the battle of Britain? - radar installations which warned the Royal Air Force of approaching German planes - Germany's running out of fuel after three months of non-stop sorties - secret intelligence delivered to the British by Rudolph Hess - a squadron of P-38 Lightning fighters delivered to Britain by the United States - Italy's abandonment of the Axis alliance, which forced Germany to move forces to defend its southern border

radar installations which warned the Royal Air Force of approaching German planes

All of the following were standardized or homogenized in the nineteenth century EXCEPT ________. - time - names - religious beliefs - clothing styles (particularly for men)

religious beliefs

The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb ________. - achieved a religious unity never before seen in the Mughal Empire - replaced many Hindu temples with mosques - negotiated an alliance with the French to fight against the Ottomans - surrendered the fortress of Hyderabad to the growing Golconda kingdom

replaced many Hindu temples with mosques

All of the following statements are accurate depictions of Marx's concept of revolution EXCEPT ________. - revolution should take place in the most advanced capitalist economies - revolution is inevitable - revolution comes when new ideas change the hearts and minds of the masses - revolution is a good thing - revolution is imminent (coming soon)

revolution comes when new ideas change the hearts and minds of the masses

Match the following figures with their most accurate description or accomplishment: Fredrick Taylor? - Father of the American Industrial Revolution - interchangeable parts - scientific management - assembly line and mass production - "National System" of economics

scientific management

Carmen Miranda

served as the model for an ad created by the United Fruit Company

All of the following were sold or traded to Africans by Europeans in the 17th century EXCEPT ________. - guns and gunpowder - cotton cloth - horses - silks - cowrie shells

silks

Foreign traders sought all of the following Chinese products EXCEPT. - tea - silver - porcelain - lacquerware - silk

silver

In response to the challenges raised by the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church ________. - split into two main branches: western (Roman) and eastern (Byzantine) - launched a military campaign against the German states. - summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen their spiritual commitment - abandoned the practice of selling indulgences - abandoned its monasteries in Germany

summoned a council to clarify doctrine and strengthen their spiritual commitment

The Berlin Conference in 1884-1885 established ________. - that Africa would be carved into spheres of influence similar to China - that if a European power indicated its intention to colonize and then proceeded to occupy an African territory, it could claim that colony - the procedures for purchasing African lands from local rulers - that the Americas were off-limits for further European colonization - the rules of military engagement for European forces overseas

that if a European power indicated its intention to colonize and then proceeded to occupy an African territory, it could claim that colony

What did the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 establish? - the rules of military engagement for European forces overseas - that the Americas were off-limits for further European colonization - that Africa would be carved into spheres of influence similar to China - the procedures for purchasing African lands from local rulers - that if a European power indicated its intention to colonize and then proceeded to occupy an African territory, it could claim that colony

that if a European power indicated its intention to colonize and then proceeded to occupy an African territory, it could claim that colony

Most of the world's earthquakes and largest volcanoes occur on or near ________. - the "Ring of Fire"; the edges of the Pacific Ocean in both Asia and the Americas - the "Bermuda Triangle"; an area in the Atlantic Ocean where natural disasters have resulted in the disappearance of many ships and airplanes - the "Land of Death"; a region in central Africa particularly prone to natural disasters - no particular place; earthquakes and volcanoes are more or less evenly distributed across the globe - the "Fortress of Solitude"; a region near the North Pole that has experienced any number of natural disasters and other anomalies

the "Ring of Fire"; the edges of the Pacific Ocean in both Asia and the Americas

Mary Shelley's iconic Frankenstein was written as a result of ________. - Shelley's disillusionment with scientific progress in the Age of Anxiety - the 1883 Krakatoa eruption, which led to frightening numbers of diseases that disfigured faces and limbs - Shelley's extensive research of the myths and traditions of the people of Papua New Guinea - the 1815 Tambora eruption, which led to "The Year Without a Summer" in 1816 - the injuries and scarring caused by the use of chemical weapons in the Great War (World War I)

the 1815 Tambora eruption, which led to "The Year Without a Summer" in 1816

A political conservative in nineteenth-century Europe would be likely to condemn ________. - the traditional family - the American revolution - the French revolution - religious dogma - the Russian monarchy

the French revolution

What does the "Second Thirty Years War" refer to? - the Great War and World War II considered as a single, extended conflict - the resumption of religiously-motivated warfare in central Europe in 1689 - the struggle between Jews and Palestinians during the period 1948-1978 - the repeated attempts of Hindus in India to expel all Muslims during the period 1942-1972 - the decades-long border war fought between Bolivia and Paraguay

the Great War and World War II considered as a single, extended conflict

All of the following places came under the control of the Muslim Ottomans EXCEPT ________. - Albania - Tunisia - Anatolia - the Iranian plateau - Egypt

the Iranian plateau

All of the following are manifestations of a mid-nineteenth-century crisis EXCEPT ________. - the Japanese annexation of Korea - the Sepoy Rebellion - the American Civil War - the Taiping Rebellion - European rebellions and revolutions in 1848

the Japanese annexation of Korea

All of the following are manifestations of the global "mid-nineteenth-century crisis" EXCEPT ________. - European revolutions in 1848 - the Indian ("Sepoy") Rebellion - the Japanese annexation of Korea - the Taiping Rebellion - the American Civil War

the Japanese annexation of Korea

The capitulations were special privileges and exemptions given to foreigners in ________. - Mughal India - the Qing Empire (China) - the Ottoman Empire - Russia - Tokugawa Japan

the Ottoman Empire

The Battle of Midway took place in which theater of World War II? - the Pacific - the Eastern Front - North Africa - Western Europe - Latin America

the Pacific

All of the following statements are true of the Space Race EXCEPT. - the Soviets sent their first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, to the moon in August of 1969, just weeks after Neil Armstrong's famous moon landing - the Soviets were the first to put a man-made object into orbit - the Soviets were the first to put a human into space - the Americans benefited from the assistance of former Nazi scientists brought out of Germany in Operation Paperclip - the Americans and the Soviets cooperated in the 1975 Apollo-Soyuz Test Project

the Soviets sent their first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, to the moon in August of 1969, just weeks after Neil Armstrong's famous moon landing

All of the following are examples of nations that can claim to be primordial EXCEPT ________. - Egypt - Japan - the United States - Greece - China

the United States

Which two countries fought for the longest duration during the 1930s and 1940s? - Germany and the Soviet Union - Germany and Great Britain - Japan and China - the United States and Japan - Great Britain and Japan

the United States and Japan

What was the constitutional issue at the center of the American Civil War? - conflicting claims between the individual and society - how to fulfill ideals of the Enlightenment - the balance of power between the state governments and the federal government - the rights of immigrant labor versus the rights of slave labor - the balance of power between the president and the Congress

the balance of power between the state governments and the federal government

A political conservative in 18th-century Europe would support all of the following EXCEPT ________. - the breakup of the traditional family - gradual, evolutionary change - the authority of the Church - the privileged role of the nobility - protection of property rights

the breakup of the traditional family

The colonization of the Belgian Congo is noted for ________. - fierce fighting between Belgium and Germany and between their local proxies - the brutal treatment of the Congolese people by King Leopold II - a policy of free trade that encouraged merchants from all countries - the spirited resistance of the Congolese people - the humane policies of the Belgian government toward the Congolese people

the brutal treatment of the Congolese people by King Leopold II

What is enclosure? - the Asian practice of seeking to protect indigenous traditions by keeping foreign ideas out - the British restriction of Indian cotton textile exports - the moving of all aspects of production into a single enclosed space: the factory - the Chinese practice of restricting the size of farms to no larger than 30 mou (approximately five acres) - the establishing of single ownership and control over rural land and resources that were formerly shared in common

the establishing of single ownership and control over rural land and resources that were formerly shared in common

In the decades following the Great War, the economies of most African colonies were dominated by?

the exchange of raw materials or cash crops for manufactured goods from abroad.

All of the following are indicative of the low status of Chinese women in the Ming and Qing dynasties EXCEPT ________. - the forced burning of widows - a wife's obligations to her in-laws - arranged marriages - the practice of footbinding - female infanticide

the forced burning of widows

What did the term "manifest destiny" describe? - the United States' victory over Spain and subsequent seizure of the Philippines - the superiority of the US Constitution - the inevitability of American independence from Britain - the inevitability of American dominion over all of North America - the superiority of the north to the south during the Civil War

the inevitability of American dominion over all of North America

What was the term "manifest destiny" used to describe? - the United States' victory over Spain and subsequent seizure of the Philippines - the superiority of the US Constitution - the inevitability of American independence from Britain - the superiority of the North to the South during the Civil War - the inevitability of American dominion over all of North America

the inevitability of American dominion over all of North America

In spite of the ravages of the slave trade, the population of Africa actually increased in the 18th century due to what? - the introduction of new staple foods from the Americas - resettlement of Asian workers in parts of Africa - the cessation of intertribal warfare in Africa - improved health and life expectancy - European settlement of Africa

the introduction of new staple foods from the Americas

Why did the population of Africa actually increase in the eighteenth century in spite of the ravages of the slave trade? - the introduction of new staple foods from the Americas - improved health and life expectancy - resettlement of Asian workers in parts of Africa - European settlement of Africa - the cessation of intertribal warfare in Africa

the introduction of new staple foods from the Americas

All of the following contributed to globalization in the nineteenth century EXCEPT ________. - the spread of imperialism - the development of steamships - the construction of the Suez Canal - the invention of gunpowder - the construction of transcontinental and trans-Siberian railroads

the invention of gunpowder

All of the following would be examples of religious toleration under Muslim rule EXCEPT ________. - Christian monasteries permitted at Isfahan - the Jesuit mission at the court of Goa - the jizya tax imposed by Aurangzeb - the syncretic "divine faith" of Akbar - the millet communities in the Ottoman Empire

the jizya tax imposed by Aurangzeb

All of the following are tactics or institutions used by modernist nation-building elites to foster a sense of national identity EXCEPT. - mass public education - print media - military conscription and training - the limited liability company (L.L.C.) - flags and anthems

the limited liability company (L.L.C.)

All of the following are tactics or institutions used by modernist nation-building elites to foster a sense of national identity EXCEPT. - print media - mass public education - the limited liability company (L.L.C.) - flags and anthems - military conscription and training

the limited liability company (L.L.C.)

What is the "white man's burden" as proposed by Rudyard Kipling? - the cost of creating and supporting an empire - the need for Christian missionaries to undermine Islam in Africa and Asia - the moral duty of the West to work to "civilize" the rest of the world - the cost of abolishing slavery in Africa - the suffering of victims of Western imperialism

the moral duty of the West to work to "civilize" the rest of the world

Who made up the Second Estate in pre-Revolutionary France? - the monarchy - the nobility - the press - Catholic clergy - farmers, artisans, and workers

the nobility

All of the following are manifestations of the "Great Acceleration" EXCEPT ________. - three-quarters of the human-caused loading of the atmosphere with carbon dioxide occurring since 1945 - the number of United Nations member states growing from 51 to 193 since 1945 - the number of city dwellers rising from about 700 million to 3.7 billion since 1945 - the number of motor vehicles increasing from 40 million to 850 million since 1945 - the number of people on earth nearly tripling since 1945

the number of United Nations member states growing from 51 to 193 since 1945

The volta do mar ("return through the sea") was ________. - the prophesied return of Prester John who would help Christian Europe defeat the Ottoman Turks - the belief that the sea would return treasures lost by pious Christian mariners - the practice of bringing Asian goods to Europe via the Red Sea rather than over land routes - a reference to Vasco da Gama's triumphant return to Lisbon from India - the practice of using prevailing winds and currents to reach destinations

the practice of using prevailing winds and currents to reach destinations

Match the following individuals to their scientific discoveries. Newton? - the principle of gravity - planetary orbits - the principle of inertia - the sun-centered model of the universe

the principle of gravity

Match the following individuals to their scientific discoveries. Galileo? - the principle of gravity - planetary orbits - the principle of inertia - the sun-centered model of the universe

the principle of inertia

What greatly aided Martin Luther's criticism of the Roman Catholic Church? - Ottoman Turkish support for the Protestants - the printing press - the enthusiastic support of clergy in the Catholic Church - active guilds and artisans - local newspapers

the printing press

Rural laborers new to the factory had difficulty adjusting to ________. - the relative freedom of the factory system - the absence of children in the workplace - the rigid timetables of industrial work - the segregation of men and women in the workplace

the rigid timetables of industrial work

Rural laborers new to the factory in industrializing Britain had difficulty adjusting to ________. - the rigid timetables of industrial work - the segregation of men and women in the workplace - having to choose which of many consumer goods to buy - the relative freedom of the factory system - the absence of children in the workplace

the rigid timetables of industrial work

The middle passage of the slave trade was ________. - the passage of slaves through this life of sorrow to a better existence in the afterlife - the ship's voyage across the Atlantic in the cargo decks - the public auction of slaves in the Caribbean - the holding pens where African captives were held before sale to plantation owners - the forced march of slaves through central Africa from their homelands

the ship's voyage across the Atlantic in the cargo decks

Isaac Newton's work seemed to suggest that ________. - God was indifferent to the prayers and concerns of humanity - the stars and planets were part of a unified system, governed by the same natural laws - time and space were relative, not absolute constructs - it was possible to mathematically prove the existence of God - the solar system was only one of many thousand such systems in an infinite universe

the stars and planets were part of a unified system, governed by the same natural laws

Isaac Newton's work seemed to suggest that ________. - the stars and planets were part of a unified system, governed by the same natural laws - time and space were relative—not absolute—constructs - the solar system was only one of many thousand such systems in an infinite universe - God was indifferent to the prayers and concerns of humanity - it was possible to mathematically prove the existence of God

the stars and planets were part of a unified system, governed by the same natural laws

Match the following individuals to their scientific discoveries. Copernicus? - the principle of gravity - planetary orbits - the principle of inertia - the sun-centered model of the universe

the sun-centered model of the universe

Portuguese mariners succeeded in building a trading-post empire early in the sixteenth century for all of the following reasons EXCEPT. - the use of heavy artillery to overpower other craft and onshore sites - the head start that Portugal enjoyed over other European powers in the exploration of the Indian Ocean - the Portuguese control of strategic ports such as Hormuz and Melaka - the ruthless policies of naval commander Afonso de Albuquerque - the superiority of the Portuguese navy to English and Dutch forces

the superiority of the Portuguese navy to English and Dutch forces

What made some of Galileo's discoveries possible? - the printing press - the astrolabe - the telescope - the magnetic compass - the development of calculus

the telescope

Match the following: Albert Einstein? - Uncertainty Principle - theory of relativity - psychoanalysis - Cubism - The Decline of the West

theory of relativity

Criollos differed from peninsulares only in that ________. - they were born in the western hemisphere and not the eastern hemisphere - they had not yet been baptized in the Catholic church - they had no land and were economically dependent - their mothers were part Indian - they were indentured servants, while peninsulares were free

they were born in the western hemisphere and not the eastern hemisphere

Criollos differed from peninsulares only in that ________. - they were born in the western hemisphere and not the eastern hemisphere - they had not yet been baptized in the Catholic church - they had no land and were economically dependent - they were indentured servants while peninsulares were free - their mothers were part Indian

they were born in the western hemisphere and not the eastern hemisphere

What was the principle work of the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits)? - to direct the Court of the Inquisition on behalf of the Pope - to expose witches and heretics - to be soldiers for Jesus in the battle against the Protestants - to be disciplined, educated representatives of the Church throughout the world - to raise money for the Church by selling indulgences

to be disciplined, educated representatives of the Church throughout the world

Overall, where were the majority of slaves in the trans-Atlantic slave trade sent? - to sugar plantations in the Caribbean - to rubber plantations in Brazil - to silver mines in Potosí - to cotton plantations in the southeastern part of the United States - to fight as mercenaries in European wars

to sugar plantations in the Caribbean

The Safavid Empire began with the reign of Shah Ismail, who claimed legitimacy to the throne by ________. - seizing the Peacock Throne - tracing his ancestry back to Tamerlane - marrying the daughter of Suleyman the Magnificent - tracing his ancestry back to a Sufi religious leader - killing off competitors from the Mughal royal families

tracing his ancestry back to a Sufi religious leader

African culture in the Americas included all of the following EXCEPT . - traditional kinship ties - distinctive language and dialect - distinctive handicrafts - syncretic African-American religions - distinctive foods and cuisine

traditional kinship ties

Émilie du Châtelet is perhaps best known for ________. - developing germ theory a century before Louis Pasteur - writing plays and poetry while serving as a Catholic nun - translating Isaac Newton's _Principia Mathematica_ into French - being the favorite concubine of Suleyman the Great - establishing a school for orphan girls in Paris

translating Isaac Newton's _Principia Mathematica_ into French

All of the following are general characteristics of the world in 1500 EXCEPT ________. - universality of polytheistic religions - scarcity - lack of mobility - restricted roles and autonomy for women - unfree labor

universality of polytheistic religions