HIST2620 Chapter 19

In 1916, President Wilson sent more than 10,000 troops into Mexico in an effort (that proved unsuccessful) to arrest

"Pancho" Villa, who had killed seventeen Americans in an attack on Columbus, New Mexico.

During World War I, popular words of German origin were changed; "hamburger" became

"liberty sandwich."

A leading characterization of U.S. foreign policy in the early twentieth century was

"Dollar Diplomacy."

Who was the leader of the National Woman's Party, an organization that employed militant tactics in favor of women's suffrage?

Alice Paul

As part of the 1907 Gentlemen's Agreement, Japan agreed to end migration to the United States except for agricultural workingmen to aid in the food for troops.

False

In 1911, the U.S. Immigration Commission listed no fewer than forty-five immigrant "races" in a dictionary published that year.

True

Randolph Bourne's vision of America was one in which

a cosmopolitan, democratic society in which immigrants and natives would together create a new "trans-national" culture.

The "Open Door" Policy refers to

a liberal policy on the part of industrial a key principle of American foreign relations that emphasizes the free flow of trade, investment, and information.

In November 1917, in the midst of World War I, a communist revolution broke out in what country?

Russia

Between 1910 and 1920, half a million blacks moved away from the South; many migrated into northern cities like Chicago, New York, Akron, Buffalo, and Trenton.

True

Dollar Diplomacy, the U.S. foreign policy that emphasized economic investment and loans from American banks, rather than direct military intervention, was the policy of

William Howard Taft.

The Committee on Public Information (CPI) flooded the country with prowar propaganda, describing the Germany as

a nation of barbaric Huns.

The American foreign policy principle that held that the United States had a right to exercise "an international police power" in the Western Hemisphere was called

the Roosevelt Corollary.

President Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for helping to negotiate a settlement of

the Russo-Japanese War of 1905.

How many soldiers perished during World War I worldwide?

10 million

What was the name of the British liner sunk by a German submarine in May 1915 that resulted in the deaths of more than 1,000 passengers, including 124 Americans?

Lusitania

Ten of the twelve states that by 1916 had adopted women's suffrage were carried by Wilson in the election that year; without women's votes, Wilson would not have been reelected.

True

The 1905 Niagara movement derived its name from the fact that a group of black leaders met at Niagara Falls, Canada, since no hotel on the American side would accommodate them.

True

The worst race riot in American history occurred in 1921, when more than 300 blacks were killed and over 10,000 were left homeless after white mobs burned an all-black section of which city to the ground?

Tulsa, Oklahoma

The right to dissent from government policy during World War I

met sweeping repression.

The outbreak of World War I in 1914 was triggered by

. the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand.

This federal organization established by Wilson explained the war to the American people and compelled America to take arms in defense of its liberties and free institutions.

Committee on Public Information

At the outbreak of war in Europe in the summer of 1914, the U.S. quickly unified in its support for Great Britain and France.

False

By 1900, measured by its acquisition of new territories, the United States was an imperialist power, the equal of Great Britain and France.

False

Eugenics studied the mental characteristics of different ethnicities and races, only to discover that, for the most part and overwhelmingly, all human beings possess "good genes."

False

Major strides toward the advancement of equality for American blacks was one significant consequence of the war's aftermath due to the heroism, courage, determination, and patriotism demonstrated by black soldiers during World War I.

False

Most Progressives opposed America's entry into World War I as jingoistic, imperialist venturing. True

False

No one was ever convicted under the 1917 Espionage Act or the 1918 Sedition Act.

False

Who was the leader of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, a movement for African independence and black self-reliance?

Marcus Garvey

The experiment of Prohibition attempted to promote moral behaviors. Prohibition was appealing from a government standpoint for all of the following reasons except

Prohibition attracted many immigrants to America, particularly Irish and practicing Catholics.

Under this act, American men were required to register with the draft.

Selective Service Act

What was the West African proverb that President Theodore Roosevelt was fond of?

Speak softly and carry a big stick.

Birth of a Nation, a movie filled with the ideologies of white supremacy and the Ku Klux Klan, had its premiere showing at the White House.

True

By 1918, the wealthiest Americans were paying 60 percent of their income in taxes.

True

During 1919, more than 250 people died in riots in northern cities.

True

During World War I, attitudes toward the American flag were such a test of patriotism that persons suspected of disloyalty were forced to kiss the flag in public.

True

In 1903, when Panama declared its independence from Colombia, the United States stationed a gunboat off the Panamanian coast, preventing the Colombian army from taking back the area.

True

In 1904, President Theodore Roosevelt arranged an "executive agreement" that gave a group of American bankers control over the finances of the Dominican Republic. True

True

In the 1919 steel strike, workers demanded union recognition, higher wages, and an eight-hour day.

True

In the last year and a half of Wilson's presidency, his wife, Edith, headed the government.

True

This federal agency presided over all elements of war production from the distribution of raw materials to the prices of manufactured goods.

War Industries Board

Which of the following was not a military technology used during World War I?

atomic bombs

After America entered the World War I, antiwar opposition disappeared.

false

President Wilson's foreign policy that called for active intervention to remake the world in America's image, and which asserted the view that greater freedom worldwide would follow from increased American investment and trade abroad was called

liberal internationalism.

President Roosevelt declined to assert U.S. authority over the Canal Zone until the citizens of Panama had a chance to vote on the matter.

False

President Wilson won reelection in 1916 on the slogan, "We must fight to make the world safe for democracy."

False

Settlement house workers, social scientists, and Progressives in general placed demands for black suffrage at the forefront of their efforts.

False

The Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I was a savvy and fair, if short, document that equitably distributed culpability for the war among all warring factions.

False

W. E. B. Du Bois felt that President Wilson attempted to make strides in including black Americans in democracy, but the war effort shifted the country's attention to more global matters.

False

Presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson shared a common belief that the United States had a right, even a duty, to intervene from time to time in the affairs of other countries.

True False

What did Prohibition (the Eighteenth Amendment, ratified in 1919) prohibit?

manufacture or sale of alcoholic beverages

In Buck v. Bell (1927), the Supreme Court

upheld the constitutionality of involuntarily sterilizing insane and "feeble-minded" person so not to pass the gene on to the next generation.

W. E. B. Du Bois asserted the need for the "talented tenth" of the African-American community to step forward and take the lead in education and training to challenge inequality faced by black Americans.

True

When President Woodrow Wilson traveled to Paris at the end of World War I, he was met by tens of thousands of cheering citizens.

True

Eugene V. Debs, a Socialist Party leader, was imprisoned for delivering an antiwar speech. True

True

Following the outbreak of World War I, the Allied and Central Powers each acted to block American trade with their adversaries.

True

The United States entered World War I in April of 1917 only after Germany resumed submarine warfare against its ships in the Atlantic and

after discovery of the Zimmermann Telegram.

When U.S. troops landed at Vera Cruz, Mexico, in an effort to stop weapons from being delivered to Victoriano Huerta's forces, the Marines were greeted as liberators by the Mexican people.

False

More people were killed by the flu (epidemic of influenza) at the end of World War I than died during all the years of fighting in that war.

True

President Wilson's Fourteen Points had asserted the principle of "self-determination." In this spirit, W. E. B. Du Bois organized a pan-African Congress in Paris that put forward the idea of a self-governing nation to be carved out of Germany's African colonies. Koreans, Indians, Irish, and others also pressed claims for self-determination.

True

President Woodrow Wilson authorized more military interventions into Latin America than any other president in American history.

True

Reparations payments at the end of World War I demanded Germany pay, in effect, to repair the damages it had inflicted on the Allies (reparations payments were estimated variously to be between $33 billion and $56 billion).

True

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) launched a long battle for the enforcement of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments.

True

While many were troubled by the ongoing slaughter overseas, most Progressives regarded wartime mobilization as an extraordinary chance to remake American society.

True False

Between 1901 and 1920, the U.S. marines landed in Caribbean countries

more than twenty times.

Of the great ideologies that had arisen in the nineteenth century America, which, by 1920, had proven most powerful?

nationalism

Under the American Protective League (APL), a primary action for Americans was to

spy on their neighbors and carry out "slacker raids."

During World War I, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman empire were called

the Central Powers.

President Wilson articulated the clearest statement of American war aims and his vision of a new postwar international order in

the Fourteen Points.

Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer sent federal agents to raid the offices of radical and labor organizations in November 1919 and January 1920 as part of the Red Scare.

true