History 102 Final Exam Questions
Advocates for imperialism reacted to news of the turmoil in the Belgian and German African colonies with sentiments reflected by which statement?
A. Advocates for imperialism reacted to news of the turmoil in the Belgian and German African colonies with sentiments reflected by which statements below?
During the 1950s, Americans expressed anxiety about communism in which of the following ways?
A. Anticommunist rhetoric led to attacks on civil liberties of individuals suspected of being communists or communist sympathizers.
Which of the following was often cited by Western imperialist evidence for the improvement of women's lives under colonial rule?
A. Colonial laws prohibited sati and female genital mutilation
The tension in Europe that led to World War I was partly causes by a growing nationalist rivalry between which two states?
A. Great Britain and Germany
Which of the following techniques did Hitler use to create his racially based new world order?
A. He set up puppet governments that complied with deportation orders for Jews.
Which of the following is the reason that Tsar Nicholas II abdicated in February 1917?
A. His generals believed that protests against the tsar in the capital threatened the war effort along the Eastern Front.
How did the international division of labor in the production of goods change between the period immediately following World War II and the end of the 20th century?
A. Industrial production increasingly moved to new centers of manufacturing, especially in East Asia
At the turn of the 20th century, "modernism" reflected which of the following?
A. Intellectuals, artists, and scientists sensed that traditional answers were no longer adequate to explain these changes in society
Why was the Mexican revolution considered to be the most successful turn-of-the-century revolution?
A. It transformed the country and forced later politicians to respect peasants' rights and land reform
How did the Korean War transform Japan's relationship with the winners of World War II?
A. Japan became an important ally of the United States in the fight against communism
Which of the following led to the survival of local cultures at the end of the 20th century?
A. Local cultures lived on, and in some cases were revived, through challenges to the authority of nation-states
Which of the following was a consequence of countries' imposing protective tariffs?
A. Manufacturers cut back on production and laid off millions of workers.
Which of the following is a reason why homesteaders' attempts to farm and ranch in the Amazon rain forest ultimately were unsuccessful?
A. Rain forest soils were poor and easily eroded, and land titles were not secure
Why did Gandhi choose salt as the testing ground for his principles of civil disobedience?
A. Salt, a government monopoly, symbolized Indians' subjugation to British rule
Which of the following is a reason why some First World powers supported South Africa during the 1950s and 1960s?
A. South Africa was anticommunist
Which of the following first tested President Truman's containment policy?
A. The Berlin blockade
Which Cold War event brought the world closest to nuclear war?
A. The Cuban Missile Crisis
How did the goals of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt differ from those of the Wafd?
A. The Muslim Brotherhood wanted to use the nation-state as a means of returning to a pure form of Islam, while the Wafd was primarily a secular nationalist group
Which of the following is an example of the foreign pressure that led to the decline of Qing's dynastic authority?
A. The Sino-Japanese War
Which of the following was the main reason that the United States became involved in the conflict between North and South Vietnam?
A. The US supported South Vietnam because it feared the spread of communism throughout Southeast Asia
Which of the following is an accurate comparison between the Solidarity movement in Poland in the 1980s and the Prague Spring in 1968?
A. The goal of Solidarity was to overcome socialism, while the Prague Spring sought to reform it.
Why did Indian nationalism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries pose a different challenge to British rule than had the 1857 Indian Rebellion?
A. The nationalist leaders imagined an Indian national community that encompasses the whole of British India rather than defending local identities
Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points most directly influenced which provision of the Treaty of Versailles?
A. The organization of a League of Nations
Which of the following factors encouraged the British to transfer power quickly to the Indian National Congress following World War II?
A. The threat of radicalized peasant uprisings prompted the British to expedite the transfer of power to the middle-class leaders of the Indian National Congress
Which of the following led European Jews to migrate to Palestine during the first half of the 20th century?
A. They believed that returning to their place of origin would lead to self-determination.
Why did the development of more effective nuclear weapons ultimately decrease the risk of a direct confrontation between the United States and the USSR?
B. Any conflict that involved nuclear weapons had the potential to destroy the world/
Which of the following led to the internal migration of 12 million South Asians in 1947?
B. Both Hindus and Muslims left their homes to relocate to the new countries, India or Pakistan, after more than a million people were killed in religious conflicts
How did German chancellor Otto von Bismarck seek to defuse socialist activism in his country?
B. By enacting social welfare measures
In which African colonies was resistance to colonial rule the strongest?
B. Colonies in which Europeans had conquered African peoples, regardless of the manner in which Europeans ruled
Which of the following European claims did the systematic implementation of the Nazi genocide challenge?
B. Europeans had claimed that science, technology, and an efficient bureaucracy would make life better for all.
Which of the following led Zionist militants to use forced to attempt to gain statehood?
B. Following World War II, the British restricted the immigration of hundreds of thousands of concentration camp survivors.
What challenge did rising immigration in the latter 20th century pose to nation-states in Europe and East Asia?
B. It challenged their sense of national self hood that was built on cultural homogeneity
What was the Marshall Plan's goal?
B. Its goal was to limit the appeal of communism in Europe by providing grants for reconstruction to democratic governments.
Which of the following people provided the model for protest that Martin Luther King Jr. adopted in his pursuit of civil rights?
B. Mohandas Gandhi
Which individual was most responsible for mobilizing a mass anticolonial movement in British-controlled India?
B. Mohandas K. Gandhi
Which of the following sports most clearly exemplifies the globalizing impact of TV in the last part of the 20th century?
B. Soccer
In the late 20th century US, which of the following was often attacked by religious conservatives?
B. Social changes stemming from the liberation movements of the 1960s and 1970s
Which of the following is a reason that communism lost its appeal in post-World War II western Europe?
B. Strong economic growth led to increased standards of living and expanded access to services like education and health care.
During the 1970s and 1980s, which of the following most significantly weakened the Soviet bloc?
B. The Soviet bloc's Western rivals outpaced the bloc economically
Which of the following issues led to the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union?
B. They had diametrically opposed sides during World War I and II
How did Latin American governments respond to the decline of their export economies and access to foreign capital during the 1920s and 1930s?
B. They worked to make domestic industry their main engine of economic activity and sets goals for the society as a whole
Which of the following best describes the purpose of the White Wolf movement in China?
C. A peasant-supported band of armed men who robbed the rich to give to the poor to restore justice
What characteristic of the present-day world economy emerged during the late 19th century and early 20th century?
C. An unequal relationship between the industrialized world and the non-industrialized world
Which of the following initiated Japan's turn toward authoritarian rule?
C. Emperor Hirohito's coming to power
What prevented the republic established in China in 1911 from gaining legitimacy?
C. Factional and regional conflicts
Which of the following religiously based groups had a long tradition of offering alternatives to Western forms of government and political philosophy?
C. Islamic conservatism
Which African leader invoked precolonial traditions as a basis for resisting British colonialism in Kenya?
C. Jomo Kenyatta
Which group was most likely to resist the system created by Frederick Winslow Taylor?
C. Laborers
In what way did the Internet revolution reinforce the disparity between haves and have-nots in the 1990s?
C. Large numbers of the world's people, especially in poor or rural areas, did not have access to the Internet
In comparison with life in First World countries, which of the following best describes life for ordinary people in Second World countries?
C. Lower standards of living, but higher levels of economic security
Why did communism appeal to many Europeans after World War II?
C. Many Europeans, reacting to the horrors of fascism, looked to the Soviets for solutions to rebuild society.
Which of the following undermined the authority of national governments after the 1970s?
C. Religious groups often came into conflict with one another and with secular governments
Which of the following was a major consequence of World War I A. European claims of a superior level of culture were supported by military victories. B. The interdependence of global trade networks intensified in the 1920s and 1930s C. Social hierarchies in European societies were shaken up or overthrown D. States were free to act without the support of their citizens or subjects.
C. Social hierarchies in European societies were shaken up or subjects.
Which of the following accurately characterizes the October 1917 Bolshevik Revolution?
C. The Bolshevik Revolution was proclaimed by socialists in order to overtake the earlier "bourgeois" revolution
Which regional trade group expanded its scope to include the creation of a new international currency?
C. The European Union
Which of the following saved Chinese communists from being overwhelmed by Nationalist forced in the Chinese Civil War?
C. The Japanese invasion diverted Nationalist troops from pursuing the communists into the Chinese interior.
Why did Stalin believe that the Soviet Union deserved to dominate eastern Europe?
C. The Soviet Union had sacrificed so many people in the war against fascism.
During the 1970s and 1980s, which of the following caused internal trouble for both the Soviet Union and the US?
C. The cost of the arms build up
Following World War II, which of the following emerged as the prevailing global political organization?
C. The nation-state
By the end of the 1930s, how did most people perceive the liberal democratic model of governance?
C. Weak and vulnerable
Which of the following encouraged the European powers to surrender their African colonies?
D. European powers determined that it was time to live up to their Enlightenment ideals?
Between 1840 and 1914, which of the following led to large-scale migration within individual industrialized states' national boundaries?
D. Factory jobs in urban centers
Which of the following describes the first response of the United States government to the Great Depression?
D. It insisted on individual thrift and self-reliance, not government handouts
Which of the following led to increased agricultural production in China in the late 1970s?
D. The government broke up some collectives and restored the family as the basic economic unit in rural areas
How did discrimination against women hurt developing countries' efforts to combat poverty at the end of the 20th century?
D. Women's lack of access to education and high rates of illiteracy limited their abilities to become effective economic actors
What role did African people play in governing Europe's African colonies in the post World War I period?
D. Africans had little voice in colonial governance and made their opinions known through protest
For which of the following reasons did President Harry Truman authorize use of the atomic bomb in 1945?
D. An Allied invasion of Japan would cost hundreds of thousands of American lives, since the Japanese had vowed to defend the main islands to the last man, woman, or child
