History 112 Exam 1

The huge commitment of Chinese troops against the forces of the Japanese leader Hideyoshi during his attempted invasion of ________ from 1592 to 1598 weakened the Ming dynasty and led to the rise of the Manchus.

Korea

Dorgon crossed the Great Wall into China in 1642:

At the invitation of a Chinese general.

The Songhay empire was able to acquire gold by taxing the markets of Timbuktu and _______.

Gao

What from Eurasia had the largest impact on the Native American population?

Smallpox

_______ was the only North American colony, and later state, in which African Americans outnumbered those of European descent.

South Carolina

The Baroque artistic aesthetic could best be described as:

Spontaneous and dramatic

After Hernán Cortés arrived at the the city of ___________,he soon captured the emperor Moctezuma II who was forced to swear allegiance to Emperor Charles V.

Tenochtitlán

Succession in the Mughal empire was complicated due to the fact:

That traditional nomadic succession practices had been institutionalized

Between 250,000 and 1 million Taínos were killed when the Spanish came due to:

The Native Americans' lack of immunity against smallpox

What caused the European immigrant population to rise in Brazil during the late seventeenth century?

The discovery of Gold

One of the indicators of the success of Portuguese settlements on the Brazilian coast was:

The intermarriage of settlers with surrounding indigenous chieftain families.

Which of the following was not a Bourbon reform in the Spanish colonies?

The opening of ports to non-Spanish merchant ships.

T or F - Atahualpa was the last ruler of the Aztec empire.

false

Match each ruler with the country he controlled. 1. Frederick the Great 2. Peter the Great 3. Louis XIV 4. Charles V

1. Prussia 2. Russia 3. French 4. Spain and the "Holy Empire"

Experiments in the _______ with movable metal typeface resulted in the innovation of the printing press.

1430's

Mehmet II besieged and conquered Constantinople in less than ________ in 1453.

2 months

Which of the following was not a territory of the Spanish Habsburgs?

Bohemia

Portuguese shipwrights and their teachers from Genoa teamed up in the port of _____________ to develop new ships suited to the stormy Atlantic.

Lisbon

In America, Puritans settled mainly in which colony or region?

New England

After a victory over the western coalition of daimyos, Tokugawa Ieyasu was made ___________ in 1603.

Shogun

The most original contribution of Sinan to Ottoman architecture was:

To use up to eight slender pillars as hidden internal supports of the dome.

Ukiyo-e was a genre of ____________ that was practiced by Kitagawa Utamaro in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.

Woodblock printing

The success of Cortés and Pizzaro spurred additional expeditions to find ___________.

gold

In 1498, the king of Portugal sent Vasco da Gama on a voyage to __________.

India

Which of the following was not one of the "gunpowder empires"?

Aztec

On St. _______'s Day in August 1572, the Catholic king and aristocracy of France perpetrated a wholesale slaughter of thousands of Huguenots.

Bartholomew

The ruler Ewuare was the first to rise to dominance over chiefs and assume the title of king over _________.

Benin

Constantine XI, the last Byzantine emperor, _________ after Constantinople fell to the Turks in 1453.

Died in the massacre

T or F - Afghanistan is located southwest of Persia.

False

Which ruler brought religious conflict between the Huguenots and Catholics through the issuing of the Edict of Nantes in 1598?

Henry IV

Aurangzeb spent much of the last two decades of his life campaigning against the _________.

Hindu Marathas

The astronomers of the Kerala school had calculated elliptical orbits for the visible planets a century in advance of __________.

Johannes Kepler

Which country began the Atlantic slave trade during the 1400s?

Portugal

Jesuit missionaries were at times welcomed into China and Japan but were ultimately rejected as "subversive" elements by the ____ and the Tokugawa.

Qing

According to the infamous "_______ edict" in 1645, all males, regardless of ethnicity, were required on pain of death to adopt the Manchu hairstyle of a shaved forehead and long pigtail in the back.

Queue

What was the dominant religion of the Safavid empire?

Shiite Islam

The Ottomans protected Muslim commercial interests in the Indian Ocean by, in part, strengthening the sultan of Aceh on the island of _________.

Sumatra

The Gunpowder empires, named for their reliance on cannons and small arms in their military campaigns, included all of the following except:

The Hapsburgs

The framing device of Cervantes' Don Quixote, the figure of Cide Hamete Benengeli who chronicles the lives of Don Quixote and Sancho Panza, suggests that:

The narrator may be lying, since he is a perfidious Muslim.

The Peace of Westphalia ended which conflict in 1648?

Thirty Years war

Aided by the ease of travel within the Mongol Empire, _________ had, by the fourteenth century, become the dominant religion among the Central Asian Turkic peoples

islam

Scholars and administrators in traditional China were known as

mandarins

The indigo plant, which _____________, contributed to a booming economy in South Carolina starting in the 1740s.

was processed into a dye

Babur, holding court in the image above, claimed legitimacy based on his father being a descendant of Timur and his mother:

was related to Genghis Khan

Spurred on by China's efficient agriculture, the population grew to _______ million by 1800.

300 mil

The average slave field hand on a sugar plantation was estimated to live:

5-6 years

The basic administrative unit in Mughal India was the pargana which comprised of

A town and up to one hundred villages.

The position of the military aristocracy in Japan was:

Absolute and unquestioned, in all matters of life and death.

James Oglethorpe's vision for the colony of Georgia included all of the following except:

An adoption of native Creek patterns of interaction with the natural environment.

Coffeehouses allowed the literate urban public to meet, read __________, and exchange ideas.

Daily newspapers

The Mughals built fortresses at strategic points throughout their inner domains as well as along the frontier, and the largest was the Red Fort in _______.

Delhi

After the sack of Rome in 1527, Leo Africanus (otherwise known as Al-Hasan Ibn Muhammad al-Wazzan):

Departed from Rome, and returned to North Africa.

Louis XIV sent salaried, itinerant intendants around the provinces to:

Ensure that governmental activities functioned properly.

__________ would have been destroyed in a Muslim holy war had it not been for the timely arrival of a Portuguese fleet with artillery and musketeers in 1541.

Ethiopia

T or F - "Absolutism" meant a government in which the ruler could do literally anything he wanted, with absolutely no limitations whatsoever on his power.

False

T or F - "Mercantilism" meant free trade with little or no government regulation.

False

Brazil production of _________ in the eighteenth century, was a welcome bonanza for Portugal at a time of low agricultural prices.

Gold

Even though he was outnumbered, Babur was able to defeat the Lodi ruler at Panipat because:

He possessed matchlock muskets and field cannon.

________ turned the running of his empire over to his wife, the striking Persian princess Nur Jahan, on several occasions, and she mediated the succession wars after his death.

Jahangir

The Qianlong emperor launched military expeditions against all of the following except:

Japan

Which navigator began (though did not survive) the first round-the-world voyage in 1519?

Magellan

The Qing originated in what region on the map?

Manchuria

In a much-publicized statement, the Diggers insisted they were:

Merely cultivating public land, which was "the treasure of all people"

For Babur and his successors, their ruling family would always be "The House of Timur," prompting historians to sometimes refer to the line as the Timurids. However, because of their claims to the legacy of Genghis Khan, they would be better known to the world as the _________.

Mughals

Janissaries were soldiers of which empire?

Ottoman-Turkish Empire

The innovations of Desiderius Erasmus contributed to the field of _________.

Philology

Ships leaving from their home ports in England would exchange ___________ for slaves in West Africa.

Rum

Maria Cunitz is famous mainly for her achievements in what?

Science

What operated in Spanish and Portuguese colonies to limit the intermingling of Catholicism with traditional religion?

The Spanish Inquisition

What gave the Spanish a military advantage over their Native American opponents?

They possessed steel weapons and armor.

The Qing sought to safeguard the borders of the empire by reckoning with the Mongols and the ____________ in the 1720s.

Tibetan Buddhists

T or F - Jizya was a discriminatory tax sometimes imposed by Islamic rulers on non-Muslim subjects.

True

T or F - Maroons were people who escaped from slavery and created autonomous communities beyond the frontiers of colonial authority.

True

T or F - The Deccan is a geographical region in south-central India.

True

T or F - The balance of power between the monarchy and Parliament in Britain became known as "constitutionalism".

True

The rulers of Benin did all of the following except:

Actively resisted the encroachment of Portuguese cultural values.

The Treaty of Nerchinsk established a territorial boundary between Russian and which other country?

China

T or F - Privateers were unarmed civilian merchant ships.

False

By one estimate, in 1450 ________ of the Ming frontier military units had cannon and one-third of all troops carried firearms.

One-half

The popularity of rum promoted:

The expansion of sugar planting and slavery, to their peak after 1750.

T or F - Bartolome de Las Casas argued that Native Americans should not be enslaved.

True

Which occurred first? - The beginning of the Ming Dynasty - The death if Louis XIV - The founding of Jamestown - The beginning of the Seven Years War

The beginning of the Ming dynasty

The Janissaries were recruited from the __________ population of the empire.

Christians

By means of land-labor grants called __________, Spanish entrepreneurs were entitled to use forced indigenous or imported slave labor to exploit natural resources in the New World

Encomiendas

The practice of the dev ? irme contradicted Islamic law, which:

Forbade the enslavement of "peoples of the Book"

As in Spain, the only income tax in New Spain was the __________.

Tithe paid to the church, which the administration, at times, used for its own purposes.

The Portuguese not only included India in their commercial network, but laid claim to _______ as well.

Brazil

T or F - The ceremonial "Auto-da-Fe" served to enforce Catholic religious doctrines in the Spanish empire.

True

T or F - The term 'syncretism' refers to a mixture of different religious traditions.

True

The Banner system was the military organization of the Qing dynasty.

True

T or F - The story of Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita demonstrates the openness and willingness of the Catholic Church to compromise and accept the blending of Christianity with traditional African beliefs and practices.

False

T or F - The term "infantry" refers to breast-feeding of newborn children in upper class families by paid wet nurses hired from the lower class.

False

Around 1750, there were about 10,000 Boers (Dutch for "_______") in the Cape Colony, easily outnumbered by slaves.

Farmers

Because _________ universities and scientific academies refused to admit women, in contrast to their counterparts in other countries, the salon became a bastion of well-placed and respected female scholars.

French

The main impulse for the revivalist movement known as the "Great Awakening" of the 1730s and 1740s was:

The tour of the Methodist preachers John and Charles Wesley through Georgia.

_________ inherited Habsburg territories throughout Europe and the Inca and Aztec Empires in the Americas when he became Emperor in 1516.

Charles V

T or F - In traditional African societies, slaves were typically considered as "chattel" with no rights whatsoever.

False

T or F - Slavery was always prohibited under Islam.

False

T or F - Spain established the Cape Colony in South Africa.

False

T or F - The Battle of Lepanto in 1571 ended in victory for the Ottoman Turks.

False