History 17B Final Exam

The 1848 convention at Seneca Falls advocated A. women's suffrage B. Outlawing divorce C. Minimum wage for women workers D. voting rights for slaves

A. women's suffrage

What event convinced Andrew Jackson that JQA became president as the result of a "corrupt bargain"? A. Clay's letters to Adams were leaked to the press B. A newspaper revealed that Adams had paid off Clay C. Adams only appointed his own supporters to cabinet positions D. Adams made Clay his secretary of state

D. Adams made clay his secretary of state

What was the Ghost Dance? A. A religious ritual that was supposed to lead to the destruction of whites and the return of the buffalo B. A ritual performed by the Paiutes in an effort to contract their great spirit leaders for guidance C. A signal that Native Americans of the Great Plains had resigned themselves to white domination D. A ritual that the Sioux men performed as they were preparing for battle against white Americans

A. A religious ritual that was supposed to lead to the destruction of whites and the return of the buffalo

What happened at the Sand Creek Massacre in Nov. 1864? A. Colonel John M. Chivington butchered 270 Indians B. Black Kettle defeated Chivington's American forces C. The Americans executed 5 Indians who refused to surrender D. Chivington scalped and mutilated Indian men but spared the women and children

A. Colonel John M. Chivington butchered 270 Indians

What did the Supreme Court rule in its Dred Scott decision? A. Dred Scott was not a citizen of the US B. The Missouri Compromise was constitutional C. Slaves were free once they visited northern states D. Congress had the power to prohibit slavery in the territories

A. Dred Scott was not a citizen of the US

Which general won the battle of Gettysburg? A. George G. Meade B. Robert E. Lee C. George E. Pickett D. Andrew "Stonewall" Jackson

A. George G. Meade

How did President Jackson respond to South Carolina's threat of nullification? A. He sent armed ships to Charleston harbor B. He increased the tariff C. He applauded South Carolina's assertion of states' rights D. He eliminated the tariff entirely

A. He sent armed ships to Charleston harbor

Which group suffered the greatest losses in the War of 1812? A. Indians B. British C. Americans D. War Hawks in Congress

A. Indians

Why did the "twenty-Negro law" enrage many white Southerners during the Civil War? A. It exempted from military service one white man on every plantation with twenty of more slaves B. It paid slaveholders scarce gov't funds for every 20 slaves they owned or supervised C. It forced every slaveholder with at least 40 slaves to turn over 20 of them for use by the gov't D. It targeted for military service every slaveholder with at least 20 slaves

A. It exempted from military service one white man on every plantation with 20 or more slaves

Why did President Lincoln criticize General George B. McClellan early in the war? A. McClellan had assumed a huge military force but refused to attack B. McClellan frequently requested to be reassigned C. McClellan took too many unnecessary risks on the battlefield D. Congress had appointed McClellan without Lincoln's approval

A. McClellan had amassed a huge military force but refused to attack

What happened to Robert R. Livingston approached the French about buying New Orleans? A. He purchased the entire Louisiana territory B. It could not stem the tide of French immigrants into the territory C. He bought New Orleans for $60 million D. Jefferson fired him for disobeying orders

A. Purchased the entire Louisiana territory

Who triumphed at the Alamo in March 1836? A. Santa Ana B. Davy Crockett C. James Bowie D. William B. Travis

A. Santa Ana

Why did southerners believe they had a real chance of winning the Civil War? A. Southern men believed they were physically tougher than northern men B. The South had greater industrial than the North C. The South had a larger population of white men who could enlist in the military D. The southern military planned to enlist the massive slave population into its ranks

A. Southern men believed they were physically tougher than northern men

Which statement describes AA experiences in the Union Army? A. The Union placed blacks in segregated units B. A few AA became commissioned officers C. Black soldiers earned the same pay as white soldiers D. Harsh treatment kept most blacks from enlisting in the military

A. The Union placed blacks in segregated units

The American Party, or Know-Nothings, appeared in the mid-1850s as A. a reaction to large #s of Roman Catholics coming to the US B. a political organization designed to include all Americans C. part of the political movement to unite Americans in support of slavery D. an organization advocating equal rights for all immigrants

A. a reaction to large #s of Roman Catholics coming to the US

During their senatorial campaign debates, Douglas depicted Lincoln as A. an abolitionist who loved blacks B. uninformed on key issues C. an avid supporter of the Fugitive Slave Act D. a political chameleon who changed his opinions to get votes

A. an abolitionist who loved blacks

Most Northerners viewed secession as A. attack on the rule of law B. constitutionally viable but impractical C. Too expensive and therefore illegal D. a concept they wished they had thought of first

A. an attack on the rule of law

Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1866 extraordinary? A. It made discrimination in state laws illegal B. It declared martial law in the South C. It expanded the states' authority to write their own civil rights laws D. It prolonged the life of the Freedmen's Bureau

A. it made discrimination in state laws illegal

What did plantation owners mean when they described the master-slave relationship in terms of "paternalism?" A. Masters has no direct contact with their slaves B. A slav's labor and obedience were exchanged for the master's care and guidance C. The master's relationship with his slave mirrored his relationship with God D. The relationship between master and slave was like that of gov't and citizen

B. A slave's labor and obedience were exchanged for the master's care and guidance

Who was disappointed in the voting rights provisions in the Fourteenth Amendment? A. Northern members of the Republican party B. Advocates of female suffrage C. Frederick Douglass and other abolitionists D. Ex-slaves in the South

B. Advocates of female suffrage

Who led the Mormon exodus to the Great Salt Lake? A. Joseph Smith B. Brigham Young C. Sarah Everett D. Thomas Hart Benton

B. Brigham Young

What was the outcome of the Dawes Allotment Act of 1887? A. Expansion of the area covered by the reservation system to include all Native Americans B. Division of reservations and allotment of individual plots of land to Native Americans C. Prohibition of white settlement in Oklahoma D. Restoration of much of the land in the Southwest to Native Americans

B. Division of reservations and allotment of individual plots of land to Native Americans

Why did King Cotton diplomacy fail? A. The Union destroyed too many southern plantations B. European nations turned to Egypt and India for cotton C. The Union refused to trade with Great Britian D. Southern slaves refused to work during the war

B. European nations turned to Egypt and India for cotton.

How did James Buchanan respond as the secession crisis loomed over the final weeks of his presidential administration? A. He called several ineffective special sessions of Congress B. He remained in Washington and did nothing C. He urged the Supreme Court to rule on secession before Lincoln took office He prodded Congress to beef up the military in case there was a war

B. He remained in Washington and did nothing

What made Abraham Lincoln an attractive candidate for the Republican nomination? A. He supported high tariffs B. He represented the crucial state of Illinois C. His extreme racial views appealed to anti-slavery southerners D. He was good friends with powerful Democrats

B. He represented the crucial state of Illinois

What occurred under the "outing system" of the 1880s? A. Young children from rural areas were sent to live with families in cities B. Indian children were forced to live with white families over summer vacation C. Indian children who did not succeed at school were returned to their tribes D. White men who had taken Indian wives were asked to leave the reservation

B. Indian children were forced to live with white families over summer vacation

What was the purpose of the 1862 Homestead Act? A. It granted every former slave a homestead with forty acres and a mule B. It offered Western land to settlers who would live and labor on it C. It instituted America's first public education system D. It ended speculation on western land purchases

B. It offered Western land to settlers who would live and labor on it

How did Congress respond to the sinking of the ship Chesapeake in June 1807? A. Congress passed a law prohibiting arms sales to France B. It prohibited US ships from traveling to all foreign ports C. Congress declared war on Great Britain D. It declared an alliance with Great Britain against France

B. It prohibited US ships from traveling to all foreign ports

What were the terms of the alliance Thomas Jefferson established with the Osage Indians in 1804? A. Jefferson refused to promise the Osage protection from Indian refugees B. Jefferson wanted the Osage to adopt agriculture C. Jefferson pledged to respect the Osage's hunting lifestyle D. Jefferson forced Osage women to work in the fields

B. Jefferson wanted the Osage to adopt agriculture

What peace terms did Grant offer Lee at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865? A. Grant allowed Lee to keep his slaves B. Lee's men could keep their horses C. Grant required Confederate officers to serve prison time D. Lee would be tried for treason in a military court

B. Lee's men could keep their horses

The typical plantation belt yeoman aspired to A. Overthrow slavery B. Move up to the planter class C. Leave the farm and open a shop in town D. Earn an education

B. Move up to the planter class

For what reason were AA troops, known as Buffalo soldiers, serving in the West during the Indian Wars? A. The first black regiment to come west originated in Buffalo, New York B. Native Americans thought their hair resembled that of the bison C. They were as scarce as the buffalo on the Great Plains of the late 1800s D. They were soldiers primarily responsible for the extinction of buffalo herds

B. Native Americans thought their hair resembled that of the bison

What was the primary cause of the growth in the southern slave population between 1790 and 1869? A. The importation of slaves from Africa B. Natural reproduction C. Miscegenation D. Southerners buying slaves from the North

B. Natural reproduction

Which group attracted scrutiny owing to its members' dress, eating habits, and recreational use of opium during the California gold rush? A. Californios B. The Chinese C. Indians D. Rancheros

B. The Chinese

What prompted an Irish-led riot that took the lives of at least 105 people in New York City in the summer of 1863? A. The prejudices immigrant workers faced B. The newly enacted draft law C. Inadequate living conditions and high rents D. Dangerous working conditions

B. The newly enacted draft law

What was the purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882? A. To respond to Chinese Laborers' demands for higher wages and better working conditions B. To decrease the Chinese population of the American West C. To limit the # of Chinese immigrants to America for a period of 3 years D. To reduce the anti-Asian prejudice in California and other areas of the West

B. To decrease the Chinese population of the American West

According to the Military Reconstruction Act of 1867, what did a state have to do before gaining readmission to Congress? A. Allow men and women to vote on a new constitution B. Write a new constitution that guaranteed black suffrage C. Elect a Republican governor D. Guarantee permanent employment for AA

B. Write a new constitution that guaranteed black suffrage

In 1831, William Lloyd Garrison launched the Liberator in order to advocate for A. the paid transport of slaves back to Africa B. an immediate end to slavery C. gradual abolition D. the relocation of freed slaves in the North

B. an immediate end to slavery

Elite Southerners maintained their power over the yeoman majority by A. using violent intimidation to gain votes B. convincing yeomen of their shared interests C. raising voter requirements to weed out poor voters D. Proclaiming their moral superiority

B. convincing yeomen of their shared interests

In Lincoln's plan for reconstruction, what did a Confederate state need to do to qualify for readmission into the Union? A. The state legislature had to guarantee the right to vote to all former slaves B. 50% of the voting population needed to pledge allegiance to the US before forming a new gov't C. 10% if the voting population needed to take an oath of allegiance before forming a new gov't D. High-ranking Confederate officials had to renounce their allegiance to the gov't in Richmond

C. 10% of the voting population needed to take an oath of allegiance before forming a new gov't

Historians use the term planter to identify whites who owned at least how many slaves? A. 5 B. 10 C. 20 D. 50

C. 20

What was the infamous Trail of Tears? A. The route taken by Cherokee warriors when they had retreated after their defeat by the US army B. The Cherokee trip home from Washington after a failed attempt to keep some of their land C. A 1,200-mile forced march of Cherokees who were expelled from their land D. A Cherokee ritual mourning the loss of hundreds of their people in an unprovoked massacre

C. A 1,200-mile forced march of Cherokees who were expelled from their land

Per the Compromise of 1850, which state entered the union as a free state? A. New Mexico B. Utah C. California D. Arizona

C. California

Who went on to found the Red Cross after serving as a nurse in Union battlefield units during the Civil War? A. Dorothea Dix B. Clement Vallandigham C. Clara Barton D. Justin Morrill

C. Clara Barton

What was the result of the impeachment trial of President Johnson? A. The Court found him guilty of violating the Tenure of Office Act B. He was found guilty of the misuse and abuse of constitutional powers C. He no longer interfered in Reconstruction D. A not guilty verdict made him more powerful than ever

C. He no longer interfered in Reconstruction

What happened when the 1st territorial legislature in Kansas met? A. It voted to settle the slavery issue peacefully B. It voted to secede from the Union C. It enacted tough proslavery laws D. It voted to repeal the Fugitive Slave Act

C. It enacted tough proslavery laws

How did the Embargo Act of 1807 affect the United States? A. It raised the nation's stature with European powers B. It destroyed the Federalist party once and for all C. It increased unemployment in the US D. It led most citizens to rally in support of President Jefferson

C. It increased unemployment in the US

Why did Spain return its trans-Mississippi territory to France in 1800? A. It could no longer afford to fight the Indians who lived on the land B. It could not stem the tide of French immigrants into the territory C. It wanted a buffer zone between its holdings in northern Mexico and the Americans D. It wanted France to sell Louisiana to England and then split the profits

C. It wanted a buffer zone between its holdings in northern Mexico and the Americans

What did Lincoln personally believe about slavery? A. It would be acceptable with a few humane modifications B. It should be abolished immediately C. It was morally wrong D. It was dangerously misunderstood by northerners

C. It was morally wrong

What did former slaves hope to gain from the Reconstruction labor transformation? A. Better wages B. Fair contracts C. Land ownership D. Jobs for women

C. Land ownership

What was the result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates? A. The Democrats shunned Douglas B. Douglas scored a landslide victory against Lincoln C. Lincoln became nationally known D. Lincoln defeated Douglas and became a US senator

C. Lincoln became nationally known

Which activity was open to single women in every state in the early republic? A. Practicing law B. Serving on juries C. Paying taxes D. Voting

C. Paying Taxes

What idea was promoted by the theory of social Darwinism in the late nineteenth century? A. Certain inequities should be ameliorated by gov't intervention B. Charles Darwin actually was writing about people when he authored On the Origin of Species C. Progress is the result of competition where the strong survived and the weak died out D. Competition led rich Americans to have an unfair advantage over the poor

C. Progress is the result of competition where the strong survived and the weak died out

Which was the first state to secede from the Union after Lincoln's election? A. Virginia B. Mississippi C. South Carolina D. Texas

C. South Carolina

Andrew Johnson was impeached on what charge? A. That he attempted to block Republican Reconstruction plans B. That he undermined the Freedmen's Bureau C. That he violated the Tenure of Office Act D. That he replaced Union generals with conservative officials in the South

C. That he violated the Tenure of Office Act

What was the result of the Battle of Vicksburg in July 1863? A. A Confederate victory forced Union commanders to question whether they could win the war B. Weeks of battle and horrendous casualties produced only a stalemate C. The Union army's victory opened up a large portion of the Mississippi River D. The Confederates forced the Union army of of the deep South

C. The Union army's victory opened up a large portion of the Mississippi River

How did white settlers who traveled west in wagon trains during the mid-1800s bring devastation to the Plains Indians? A. They killed of great herds of deer and antelope B. They attempted to kill all Indians they came in contact with C. They brought with them alcohol and deadly diseases D. They deliberately destroyed Indian farms

C. They brought with them alcohol and deadly diseases

What happened to the whites who killed 81 blacks during the Colfax massacre? A. AA broke them out of jail and killed them B. They received lifetime prison sentences C. They went free b/c nobody would prosecute them D. The Supreme Court found them guilty on all charges

C. They went free b/c nobody would prosecute them

The 15th Amendment A. Prohibited the states from infringing on the rights of citizens B. Defined US citizenship C. Extended black male suffrage to the entire nation D. outlawed slavery

C. extended black male suffrage to the entire nation

What was the purpose of the second Confiscation Act, passed by Congress on July 17, 1862? A. It freed all slaves in Union and Confederate states B. It made it legal to use slaves as Union army laborers C. It freed the slaves of rebel masters D. It emancipated slaves in the border states

C. it freed the slaves of rebel masters

What did the Supreme Court rule in Worcester v. Georgia? A. Cherokees could not use the US court system to sue anyone B. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was unconstitutional C. The laws of Georgia had no jurisdiction over the Cherokee D. Cherokee people had the rights of American citizenship

C. the laws of Georgia had no jurisdiction over the Cherokee

What event marked the official beginning of armed hostilities between the North and South in April 1861? A. Confederates firing on the frigate Star of the West B. An assault on Washington DC C. The assault on federal troops passing through Baltimore D. Confederates firing on Fort Sumter

D. Confederates firing on Fort Sumter

Which territory did the US obtain from Spain in the Adam-Onis Treaty? A. Louisiana B. Minnesota C. Missouri D. Florida

D. Florida

What did Mexico agree to do under the terms of the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo? A. Mark the Nueces River as the Texas boundary B. Pay $15 million to American citizens for claims against Mexico C. Give up Arizona, New Mexico, and southern Utah D. Give up all claims to Texas above the Rio Grande

D. Give up all claims to Texas above the Rio Grande

What was General William T. Sherman's strategy for defeating the Confederates in Georgia in 1864? A. He planned to recruit former plantation slaves for the Union army B. He planned to have his man confiscate Georgians' cotton and sell it to England C. He intended to infect Confederate camps with typhoid fever D. He orchestrated a scorched-earth military campaign aimed at destroying the will of the southern people

D. He orchestrated a scorched-earth military campaign aimed at destroying the will of the southern people

Why did Zachary Taylor anger southerners when he became president in 1849? A. He proposed a 10-year program to phase out slavery throughout the nation B. He introduced a new tariff bill that would affect cotton plantation owners C. He unveiled a new railroad-building plan that favored the North over the South D. He urged Congress to admit California and New Mexico to the Union as free states

D. He urged congress to admit California and New Mexico to the Union as free states

What happened to John Brown after his raid on Harper's Ferry? A. He escaped to Massachusetts B. He was deported to Canada C. He was pardoned by the Republican governor D. He was executed

D. He was executed

What did the federal gov't do to the Plain Indians who lived in what became Nebraska? A. It concentrated Indians on reservations in Nebraska and Kansas B. It deported the Indians to Canada C. It relocated the Indians in Iowa D. It pushed them farther west

D. It pushed them farther west

Who were the Redeemers in the South? A. Reformers who hoped to establish public education in the South B. Politicians who believed Confederate dollars should be redeemed for US dollars C. Ministers who hoped to heal the breach between northern and southern churches D. Southern Democrats who wanted to restore white supremacy in the South

D. Southern Democrats who wanted to restore white supremacy in the South

Why did the South experience greater inflation than the North during the Civil War? A. The South increased it taxes B. The Confederacy issued war bonds C. The South owed substantial debt to the North D. The Confederacy printed more money

D. The Confederacy printed more money

Why did relatively few white northerners get involved in the campaign to eradicate slavery? A. They were disconnected from racial issues B. Whites did not known about the violence of slavery C. Abolition societies charged exorbitant membership fees D. They tended to be racists, even when they opposed slavery

D. They tended to be racists, even when they opposed slavery

Why did many slaves travel immediately after gaining freedom? A. Planters no longer wanted their work B. They refused to work C. Planters threatened them with violence D. They wanted to reunite their families

D. They wanted to reunite their families

The KKK developed into a paramilitary organization, but it began as A. a group of yeoman farmers who were angry about Radical Reconstruction B. a fraternity in Tennessee that wanted to intimidate blacks C. an elitist order that wanted to destroy the Republican party by lynching blacks D. a social club for Confederate veterans who wanted to restore white supremacy

D. a social club for Confederate veterans who wanted to restore white supremacy

The purpose of the black codes passed in 1865 was to A. Provide blacks with economic opportunities B. extend civil rights, although limited, to freedmen C. extend to blacks the same rights that whites enjoyed D. subordinate blacks to whites

D. subordinate blacks to whites

Unlike theological seminaries that trained men for the clergy, Troy Female Seminary and Hartford Seminary prepared their female students A. for family life B. to do housework C. to work in politics D. to teach

D. to teach