History 19-3

Pullman Strike

Stopped traffic on many railroad lines until federal courts ordered the workers to return to their jobs.

How did Samuel Gompers help the labor-union movement?

He workers for better working condition, wages, and hours.

Did the haymarket riot help or hurt the labor movement?

I think it hurt the Labor movement because there were people that thought it was violent so they didn't want to join.

Did the strikes of the 1880s and the 1890s hurt or help the labor movement in the long run? Explain.

I think it hurt the labor movements. Most people thought that the labor movements involved with strikes were violent and didn't want to join them.

Why did companies begin to use scientific management, and how did it affect workers?

They paid less attention to working conditions but efficiency increased. Injuries increased and as conditions grew worse, workers looked for ways to bring about change.

Haymarket Riot

Thousands of union workers went on strike because they wanted an 8-hour workday. 2 strikers were killed so the next night people went out to protest the killings.

How did the AFL and the Knights of Labor differ?

Unlike the knights of labor, the AFL organized individual nations unions. The Knights of Labor included both skilled and unskilled workers.

Do you think President Cleveland was right to use federal troops to end the Pullman Strike? Explain.

No. He could have done it in a more peaceful way.

Fredrick W. Taylor

Published a book that talked about scientific management

Knights of Labor

The first national labor union

How did michines lead to a decrease in jobs?

The machines could do the jobs that the people would normally do.

Do you think strikes are an effective and appropriate way to handle labor disputes.

They brought attention to the management of the company so the company would loose money and couldn't produce goods.

What led to poor working conditions in factories in the Second Industrial Revolution?

A book, published by Fredrick W. Taylor, told businesses to ignore workers and their needs so conditions got worse for workers.

Which union would have more power- a union of skilled workers, or unskilled workers.

A union of skilled workers because they would know what they are talking about.

Collective Bargaining

All workers acting collectively or together. They had much greater chance of success.

American Federation of Labor

Another early labor union led by Samuel Gompers

Terence V. Powderly

Became the leader of the Knights of Labor.

Why did labor unions have a better chance of improving working conditions than laborers on their own?

If a large group of people are working for a common cause it will influence a business more than only a few people.

Why did factories focus on specilization?

It brought costs down and production up but it was replacing jobs for workers.

What were 2 important labor unions in the late 1800s?

Knights of Labor and American Federation of Labor.

Why did collective bargaining give workers a greater chance of success?

They could work together for a common cause and get tasks done faster.

What were the effects of the early major strikes on workers?

They didn't get the paychecks from working so it also effected them. If the strikes turned violent it didn't help the workers. The company gets help from the government.

How did workers respond to the working conditions?

They formed labor unions to get better wages and working conditions.

What were union members protesting during the homestead strike.

They protested to buy new machinery and cut jobs.

Homestead Strike

Took place at Carnegie's Homestead Mill. Union members protested to buy new machinery to cut jobs.

Mary Harris Jones

Worked for better working conditions for miners.