History chapter 20

The United States loaned money to buy American supplies to what side?

The Allies

List the four major factors that led to the outbreak of World War I and explain how each contributed to the war

. 1 nationalism 2 Imperialism 3 Militarism 4 alliances

years of World War I

1914-1918

group of soldiers that were allowed to serve in the military but were assigned support roles as cooks and laborers

African American Soldiers

After the war began, what nations became the Allied Powers

Alliance of Britain,France, Russia, Italy, Numerous smaller nations, and (Later) the United States during World War I

After the war began, what nations became the Central Powers

Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and turkey (the Ottoman Empire)

American Army fought in Europe

American Expeditionary Force (AEF)

Militarism

An Increased emphasis on military might

heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary who was assassinated in Sarajevo in 1914

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

agreement to stop fighting

Armistice

reason Germany declared war on Russia

Because they were gathering forces

neutral country did Germany invade as a path to France

Belguim

How did Britain violate America's neutral rights at sea?

Britain placed mines at the entrances of the north Sea Britain Placed mines at the entrances of the North Sea to prevent nations from trading with germany and stopped all ships bound for neutral nations

members of the Triple Entente

Britain, France, and Russia

merchant ships traveling in groups protected by naval vessel

Convoys

nickname for American troops who fought in World War

Doughboys

reasons that maintaining American neutrality was difficult

First American attitudes favored the allied cause Majority of trade and loans was with allied countries, especially Britain Favoring the Allied Cause Third Americans were influenced by Allied Propaganda The Fifth and biggest difficulty in maintaining neutrality was that britain and germany were violating America's Neutral rights at sea

commander of the American forces in Europe

General John J. Pershing

members of the Triple Alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

How did America fund the war?

Income tax War Bonds

.What did the United States have to do to prepare for the war?

Instituting the draft, Train soldiers, Build ships, Make equipment, and Build tanks and aircraft

statements about the Treaty of Versailles

It blamed the war entirely on Germany and forced germany to pay reparations It forced Germany to surrender its colonies as well as some of its own land

organization where nations could settle disagreements peacefully

League of nations

British passenger ship was sunk by a German U-boat near Ireland, killing 1,198 passengers

Lusitania

America's official position on the war in Europe when it first began

Neutral

Armistice Day, the day World War I officially ended

November Eleventh

new weapons used during World War I

Tank Poison Gas Flamethrowers, Machine Guns, and Boats Zeppelins Airplanes Trucks and automobiles Rifles. Cannons, grenades, and Mines U-Boats

information spread to advance a cause or damage an opponent's cause

Propaganda

money a defeated country must pay for war damages

Reparations

established local draft boards to supply men for military service

Selective service Act

how did a fighter pilot become an "ace"

Shooting down five enemy planes

epidemic that killed millions around the world during the same period as World War I

Spanish Influenza

ways the American government managed the war effort on the home front

THe Food administration instituted voluntary food conservations programs such as "Wheat less Wednesday" and "Meatless Tuesdays" and encouraged people to plant "victory gardens"

reason Great Britain declared war on Germany

The British demanded that Germany withdraw its troops from Belgium

Nationalism

The Feeling of loyalty or devotion to one's country or cultural group

spark that led to the outbreak of World War I

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

impact of World War I

The war was so horrible that it led to despair and disillusionment Some viewed Christianity with great skepticism It Made people realize that making is not getting better After the war many rejected not only civil religion but also true religion The war had shown that sinful man was capable of committing and defending horrible deeds

style of warfare featuring long ditches dug to conceal and protect troops

Trench Warfare

German submarines

U-boats

German plan to sink all ships that entered the war zone around Britain

Unrestricted submarine warfare

How did Germany violate America's neutral right to sea?

Unrestricted submarine warfare German policy during World War I whereby all ships entering a designated war zone around britain would be subject to attack without warning how germany violated america's neutral rights to sea

leader of the Communist revolution in Russia and withdrew Russia from the war

Vladimir Lenin

President Wilson's proposed guidelines to help rebuild Europeans peace after World War I

Wilson's fourteen points

secret message from the German Foreign minister to the Mexican government offering to help it reconquer Texas and other land

Zimmerman Telegraph

purpose of the Committee of Public Information

create propaganda to convince Americans of the justness of the war and the need to support the war efforts

President Wilson's view of people and nations

president wilson was an idealist expecting nations to respond unselfishly and properly it difficult situations He believed that the winning nations at the paris Peace conference should not try to make territorial gains at the expense of the losing nations