History Exam 2 Quizes

Marc Antony emerged as victor when the Second Triumvirate split, and became master of the ent

False

Romans had little use for theaters.

False

Subjects of the Hellenistic kings understood that citizenship was shared by all people within the kingdom.

False

Syncretism is the practice of fusing together different administrative styles to produce a hybrid government.

False

The Antonine Decree granted all citizens of the Empire equality under the law.

False

The Maccabeans violently rejected all Greek gods and customs.

False

The New Testament is the Jewish record of Jesus' life and teachings.

False

The Roman Empire was replaced by the Roman Republic by the end of the first century B.C.E.

False

The last emperor in the west, Romulus Augustus, was defeated and killed in a great battle with Alaric the Visigoth.

False

Trade within the Empire was conducted primarily via the extensive network of Roman roads.

False

Priests in Hellenistic sanctuaries inflicted corporal punishment on criminals.

False.

After Roman rule in the west collapsed, Greek became the language of learning and law.

False

After the fall of the western empire, Roman culture was perpetuated in Britain, ensuring its survival into the Middle Ages.

False

Alexander's defeat in India marked the first time he lost a battle, and contributed to the demise of his empire.

False

Christianity succeeded in spite of its weak organizational structure.

False

Greek poleis expanded their powers considerably during the Hellenistic Age, and became more independent.

False

Hellenistic cities were essentially just garrisons, meant to maintain the conquerors' power.

False

In the Great Persecution, Diocletian and Galerius forbade Jews to assemble for worship and ordered the destruction of all synagogues and sacred books.

False

Justinian was renowned for his tolerance of non-Christians.

False

Like the Greeks, Rome excluded defeated peoples from citizenship, leading to ension and reb e

False

Archeologists have excavated early Celtic settlements in Hallstatt, Austria.

True

Between 114 C.E. and 117 C.E., Rome conquered and lost much of Mesopotamia and Armenia.

True

Gnostics rejected the material world and considered the body a prison for the human soul.

True

Greeks considered all non-Greeks barbaric and uncivilized.

True

Hellenistic era astronomy relied on the intersection of Middle Eastern and Greek scholarly work.

True

In Ptolemaic Egypt, women could lead military conquests.

True

Justinian suppressed local laws throughout his territories

True

Natural law, international law, and jus gentium all refer to the same basic concepts.

True

Patricians were members of aristocratic clans; they occupied the top of Republican Rome's social

True

Roman aristocratic women possessed some measure of political power, as demonstrated by their appearance on coins.

True

Rome's Pantheon was built as a temple to all gods.

True

The Forum served as the administrative and judicial headquarters of the city of Rome.

True

The Pax Romana was a period of two centuries when the Mediterranean world experienced a nearl

True

The ascetic lifestyle demands the suppression of physical needs and wants to achieve spiritual enlightenment.

True

The date designation C.E. has replaced A.D., in recognition of the fact that many individuals and societies do not practice Christianity.

True

The emperors of the Antonine Age, beginning with Nerva, employed the tactic of adopting highly qualified heirs to be their successors.

True

The reforms of the Gracchi included attempts to limit the power of the aristocracy and stop a

True

Under Constantine, the apostles Peter and Paul symbolically replaced Romolus and Remus as the sacred patrons of Rome.

True

Within the city of Rome, each adult male citizen received a daily food ration.

True

During the Gallic Wars, approximately one million Celts were killed or enslaved.

True

What geographic feature facilitated the development of the city of Rome? a. Palatine Hill b. The Appian Way c. The Forum d. Tiber River e. Capitoline Hill Patricians were members of aristocratic clans; they occupied the top of Republican Rome's social 

a. Palatine Hill

The only successful revolt against Roman rule was carried out by a. Arminius b. Boudica. c. Simon Bar Kochba. d. Julius Civilis. e. Spartacus.

a. Arminius

What was pastoral poetry, and what is its significance? Select one: a. Pastoral verse describes idyllic rural settings, but the people experience tension and sadness like their urban contemporaries; Shakespeare, nineteenth-century Russians, and others have also written pastoral poetry. b. Pastoral verse describes urban settings, where people experience tension and sadness; Shakespeare, nineteenth- century Russians, and others have also written pastoral poetry. c. Pastoral verse describes urban settings, where people experience tension and sadness; it is a form unique to the Hellenistic world. d. It is a highly intellectual style that appeals to reason, not emotions; almost all later poets reacted against it. e. Pastoral verse describes idyllic rural settings, but the people experience tension and sadness like their urban contemporaries; it is a form unique to the Hellenistic world.

a. Pastoral verse describes idyllic rural settings, but the people experience tension and sadness like their urban contemporaries; Shakespeare, nineteenth-century Russians, and others have also written pastoral poetry.

In general, what differentiates Roman oratory from Greek oratory? Select one: a. Roman oratory is blunter and more effective, while Greek oratory is more elegant and subtle. b. Roman oratory is more intellectual, while Greek oratory is more dramatic. c. Roman oratory is works best with small groups, while Greek oratory is more effective with large crowds. d. Roman oratory relies more on logic, while Greek oratory relies more on historical analogy. e. Roman oratory is more political, while Greek oratory is more personal.

a. Roman oratory is blunter and more effective, while Greek oratory is more elegant and subtle.

Which of the following is NOT true of the Hellenistic world? Select one: a. The Persian Empire was politically dominant. b. Different cultures shared a common history, political system, and diplomatic etiquette. c. It was cosmopolitan. d. Greek was the common language, used for trade and intellectual life. e. Alexander the Great was the model of a successful empire-builder.

a. The Persian Empire was politically dominant.

Jews in the Christian world Select one: a. experienced persecution and often were forced to convert to Christianity. b. were protected from persecution, after 429 C.E., by the Jewish patriarch. c. married Christians in order to secure government positions. d. were fully integrated into the fabric of everyday life. e. accepted Christian converts back into the faith as dictated by the emperor.

a. experienced persecution and often were forced to convert to Christianity.

Hadrian's Wall was constructed to Select one: a. protect Rome's frontier in Britain. b. facilitate trade between Rome and the barbarians. c. control the number of people crossing from the city of Rome into the provinces. d. cheaply transport goods from one part of the Empire to the other. e. protect Hadrian's lavish palace complex in Mesopotamia.

a. protect Rome's frontier in Britain.

After the Latin War, Rome required defeated peoples to Select one: a. provide troops, and loyalty. b. give up their languages and traditions. c. trade only with Rome. d. pay tribute only. e. send all adult males to the capital for two years of forced labor.

a. provide troops, and loyalty.

For what cause did wealthy women demonstrate in 195 B.C.E.? Select one: a. repeal of the Oppian Law, which restricted women's wealth b. passage of the Oppian' Law, which would grant women stronger property rights c. repeal of the Oppian Law, which deprived them of the right to vote d. settlement of the First Macedonian War e. settlement of the Third Punic War

a. repeal of the Oppian Law, which restricted women's wealth

What is the best summary of the prevailing male view of the ideal woman in the Hellenistic period? Select one: a. sexy but discreet b. meek and unremarkable c. pretty but unavailable d. smart and powerful e. bold and demanding

a. sexy but discreet

The historical theory developed by Augustine a. shifted emphasis from Rome to the immortal "city of God." b. considered the fall of Rome the worst thing that could happen to Christianity. c. elevated the position of Rome in the historical trajectory. d. rejected the classical learning taught in Roman schools as pagan. e. proposed that Rome deserved to fall for its sinfulness and oppressiveness.

a. shifted emphasis from Rome to the immortal "city of God."

Philip II Select one: a. unified Macedonia by controlling the local nobility. b. established the League of Corinth to encourage autonomy in the poleis. c. reorganized the army into hoplite regiments. d. was lauded by Demosthenes as a hero. e. conquered the Persian Empire.

a. unified Macedonia by controlling the local nobility.

Historian Edward Gibbon, in explaining the fall of the Roman Empire, blamed Select one: a. weak government. b. plague. c. polytheism. d. famine. e. barbarian invasion.

a. weak government.

After the Third Macedonian War, Select one: a. Rome conscripted 150,000 Macedonian children into involuntary military service, and collected tribute for 120 years. b. Rome sold 150,000 people into slavery, destroyed 70 cities, and divided Macedon into four republics. c. Rome granted independence to Greece, but not Macedon. d. Rome granted independence to both Macedon and Greece. e. Rome conscripted 150,000 Macedonians into involuntary military service, and collected tribute for 12 years.

b. Rome sold 150,000 people into slavery, destroyed 70 cities, and divided Macedon into four republics.

What was the most significant way in which the governing institutions of the United States of Select one: a. There were no significant differences. b. The Roman Senate had more influence and power than the U.S. Senate. c. Legislative and executive powers were concentrated in one group in the Roman Republic, while in the United States they were divided between four bodies. d. Legislative power was divided between two groups in the United States, while in the Roman Republic it was held by only one. e. The U.S. Senate had more influence and power than the Roman Senate.

b. The Roman Senate had more influence and power than the U.S. Senate.

The fatal blow to the western half of the Roman Empire came when Select one: a. Stilicho sacked the city of Rome. b. Theodosius allowed Visigoth soldiers to serve in the Roman Army within separate units, under Visigoth commanders. c. All answers are correct. d. Palestine was destroyed by Christian pilgrims. e. Justinian persecuted all non-Christians.

b. Theodosius allowed Visigoth soldiers to serve in the Roman Army within separate units, under Visigoth commanders.

The "Year of the Four Emperors" was the result of Select one: a. a devastating plague that killed three emperors in a matter of months. b. competition between Roman armies to put their commanders on the throne. c. hereditary monarchy. d. the partitioning of the Empire into four separate administrative units. e. civil war caused by the rebelling plebian population.

b. competition between Roman armies to put their commanders on the throne.

What was the main cause of tension between Rome and the Persian Empire in late antiquity? Select one: a. All answers are correct. b. competition over Armenia and Syria c. access to the Mediterranean sea d. religious differences e. control over Constantinople

b. competition over Armenia and Syria

The First Triumvirate was responsible for Select one: a. making Latin the official language of Rome. b. granting land to Pompey's troops in the Middle East and Asia Minor. c. the assassination of Julius Caesar. d. a radical revision of the reforms of Sulla. e. ensuring the survival of the Roman Republic.

b. granting land to Pompey's troops in the Middle East and Asia Minor.

Euclid was a Hellenistic Select one: a. general. b. mathematician. c. king. d. engineer. e. philosopher.

b. mathematician.

According to Polybius, the Roman Republic benefited from its mixture of Select one: a. poor and wealthy citizens. b. monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy. c. idealism and practicality. d. patricians and plebeians. e. public and private codes of conduct.

b. monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy.

he Huns Select one: a. were conquered in the last great offensive led by the western provinces of the Roman Empire. b. occupied an empire that extended from Russia to France. c. were able to conquer Rome through peaceful negotiation. d. were led by a brutish leader, Attila, who possessed no administrative skills. e. left a great intellectual legacy that contributed to the formation of Western civilization.

b. occupied an empire that extended from Russia to France.

The Roman household was headed by a/an Select one: a. stoic. b. paterfamilias c. oligarchy. d. materfamilias. e. plebian.

b. paterfamilias

What cause did Tiberius Gracchus advocate? Select one: a. voting rights for women b. redistribution of land c. expansion of citizenship d. smaller government e. abuse by corrupt provincial governments

b. redistribution of land

What are the Gospels? Select one: a. the recollections of Jesus Christ's followers of his testimony in Roman court b. the New Testament narratives of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, written 30 to 60 years after Jesus' death c. the New Testament narratives of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, written while Jesus was alive d. the books of the Mishnah written by Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John e. the recorded testimony of Jesus Christ in his trial before Pontius Pilate

b. the New Testament narratives of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, written 30 to 60 years after Jesus' death

The greatest rival of early Imperial Rome was Select one: a. the Jews. b. the Parthian Empire. c. Babylonia. d. the Celts. e. China.

b. the Parthian Empire.

Which of the following was NOT conquered by Justinian as he attempted to reestablish control over the world of late antiquity? Select one: a. Ravenna b. Sicily c. Alexandria d. Rome e. Carthage

c. Alexandria

The conquests of Alexander the Great included Select one: a. Persia. b. Babylon. c. All answers are correct. d. Egypt. e. Mesopotamia

c. All answers are correct.

Which of the following was NOT one of the titles bestowed upon or taken by Octavian? Select one: a. Tribune b. Princeps c. Emperor d. Consul e. Augustus

c. Emperor

The counterproductive practice of medical bloodletting was championed by Select one: a. Juvenal. b. Dido. c. Galen. d. Ptolemy. e. Vergil.

c. Galen.

What was the dominant language of the Greco-Roman culture? Select one: a. Roman b. Persian c. Latin d. Egyptian e. Greek

c. Latin

Augustus' reforms of the army included Select one: a. removing the army from the provinces to concentrate on imperial expansion. b. revoking the citizenship of non-Romans who served as auxiliary troops. c. establishing regular terms of service and retirement benefits. d. dissolving the standing professional army. e. eliminating the illegal Praetorian Guard.

c. establishing regular terms of service and retirement benefits.

Hellenistic philosophers conceptualized their discipline as having these three branches. Select one: a. ethics, biology, and mathematics b. study of the individual, study of the group, and study of the natural world c. logic, ethics, and the study of the natural world d. study of the individual, study of the family, and study of the nation e. logic, science, and art

c. logic, ethics, and the study of the natural world

Julius Caesar Select one: a. was put on trial for corruption by the Senate. b. became the champion of the aristocracy. c. permanently ended the autonomy of the Senate. d. refused to march on Rome and plunged the Republic into civil war. e. had himself proclaimed Augustus, meaning "first citizen."

c. permanently ended the autonomy of the Senate.

Which of these was NOT a major responsibility of the emperor under the Augustan system? Select one: a. to serve as Pontifex Maximus, supervise the public worship of the gods of Rome b. to protect and expand imperial territory c. to subsidize foreign trade d. to administer justice and provide good government e. to be a symbol of unity for all the peoples of the Empire

c. to subsidize foreign trade

Peasant life in the Empire Select one: a. was based on close-knit family groups called clans. b. was mostly stable, through the inclusive policies of Rome. c. varied greatly. d. was marked by unprecedented agricultural independence. e. was incomprehensibly harsh.

c. varied greatly.

What factor was most responsible for the minimal direct trade between India and the Hellenistic world? Select one: a. Hellenistic navigators were inept. b. India did not engage in significant amounts of trade during the Hellenistic era. c. Hellenistic peoples had little interest in India's goods. d. Arab middlemen tried to monopolize the trade. e. Hellenistic sailors refused to leave the Mediterranean.

d. Arab middlemen tried to monopolize the trade.

As of around 290 B.C.E., which of the following was NOT one of the successor kingdoms to Alexander the Great's empire? Select one: a. Seleucid Kingdom b. Pergamum c. Ptolemaic Kingdom d. Roman Republic e. Antigonid Kingdom

d. Roman Republic

Which of the following were NOT among the first converts to Christianity? Select one: a. women b. merchants c. slaves d. Rome's elites e. Jews

d. Rome's elites

The baroque style of architecture was characterized by Select one: a. great size, and a sense of stillness. b. an impression of stability and balance. c. innovative use of materials. d. a sense of motion, and emotional appeal. e. uniformity throughout the Hellenistic world.

d. a sense of motion, and emotional appeal.

Hellenistic kings Select one: a. were conservative administrators who left the bureaucracy untouched. b. regularly intervened in urban affairs, considerably restricting the power of local governments. c. disbanded permanent professional armies in a time of peace. d. claimed a form of divine right. e. ignored the arts and sciences and concentrated on military conquest.

d. claimed a form of divine right.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the Law of the Twelve Tables? Select one: a. knowledge of legal procedures, as described in the Tables, was empowering for plebeians b. the Tables summarized existing customary law c. publication of the laws encouraged citizens to settle cases amongst themselves d. it established the jus gentium e. many specific laws were unfavorable to plebeians

d. it established the jus gentium

Romanization in the provinces was primarily conducted by Select one: a. priests. b. local governors. c. the emperor. d. the army. e. tax collectors.

d. the army.

Epicureans believed Select one: a. that all human beings have an element of divinity in them and participate in one cosmic process. b. the customs and conventions of regular society were an abomination. c. in following a life of asceticism. d. the rational pursuit of pleasure would help people gain tranquility in their troubled souls. e. All answers are correct.

d. the rational pursuit of pleasure would help people gain tranquility in their troubled souls.

Which of these was NOT a role filled by bishops in this period? Select one: a. they helped the poor and vulnerable b. they advocated for their cities in the imperial court c. bishops in the main city of each province supervised the other bishops in that province d. they collected taxes on behalf of the emperor e. they acted as judges in civil actions

d. they collected taxes on behalf of the emperor

Which of these statements is NOT true of Constantine? Select one: a. He was the first Christian emperor. b. He founded a new capital city in the Roman Empire. c. Before converting to Christianity, he had chosen the sun god Apollo as his divine protector. d. He made himself absolute ruler of both the eastern and western halves of the empire. e. He continued to permit polytheistic worship, and protected the polytheist temples.

e. He continued to permit polytheistic worship, and protected the polytheist temples.

What was the most important reform undertaken by Diocletian to rescue the empire from anarchy? Select one: a. He eradicated polytheism, the cause of social tension between different religious groups. b. He decreased the authority of the office of the emperor by abolishing the cult of the emperor. c. He diverted more funds into the military and strengthened fortifications to keep out barbarian invaders. d. He developed a new judicial arm of the government to try the increasing number of criminals in the empire. e. He divided the empire into two administrative units, each with its own emperor and junior-level emperor.

e. He divided the empire into two administrative units, each with its own emperor and junior-level emperor.

Which is the correct summary of the achievements of Hannibal? Select one: a. In the First Punic War, Hannibal led a surprise attack on Italy, marching across the Alps with 25,000 men and 18 elephants. Despite stunning victories, he was assassinated by disgruntled Carthaginian soldiers. b. In the Third Punic War, Hannibal led a surprise attack on Italy, marching across the Alps with 2,500 men and 180 elephants. Through stunning victories, he defeated the Romans. c. In the First Punic War, Hannibal led a surprise attack on Italy, marching across the Alps with 2,500 men and 180 elephants. His stunning victories led to defeat for the Romans, which they avenged in the Second Punic War. d. In the Second Punic War, Hannibal led a surprise attack on Italy, marching across the Alps with 2,500 men and 18 elephants. Despite stunning victories, he was assassinated by disgruntled Carthaginian soldiers. e. In the Second Punic War, Hannibal led a surprise attack on Italy, marching across the Alps with 25,000 men and 18 elephants. Despite stunning victories, he was ultimately defeated by the Romans.

e. In the Second Punic War, Hannibal led a surprise attack on Italy, marching across the Alps with 25,000 men and 18 elephants. Despite stunning victories, he was ultimately defeated by the Romans.

In the Hellenistic age, Greek women Select one: a. fought alongside men in professional armies. b. were more restricted to the home. c. were more appreciated in their roles as wives and mothers, and less as objects of sexual desire. d. established poleis where men were forbidden from public participation. e. achieved more social and legal freedom.

e. achieved more social and legal freedom.

Government in the Roman Republic included the Centuriate Assembly, composed of Select one: a. elders, responsible for advising the Senate. b. priests. c. the aristocratic elite. d. law-making consuls. e. all of Rome's male citizens.

e. all of Rome's male citizens.

The Corpus Juris Civilis Select one: a. took the power to interpret the law out of the hands of the emperor. b. posed no significant changes to Roman law. c. uncoupled Christianity from law and promoted a secular society. d. provided local governments a great deal of autonomy. e. became a pillar of Latin-speaking civilization in medieval Europe.

e. became a pillar of Latin-speaking civilization in medieval Europe.

At the Council of Nicaea, Select one: a. bishops voted to condemn neo-Platonism. b. the eastern orthodox church was established. c. the doctrine of separation of church and state was approved by bishops. d. the Arian belief, that Jesus could not be both fully human and divine, was upheld. e. bishops produced a creed that corresponds to the Athanasian belief in the nature of Jesus.

e. bishops produced a creed that corresponds to the Athanasian belief in the nature of Jesus.

Celtic civilization Select one: a. was conquered by the Greeks in the eighth century B.C.E. b. was rediscovered during the Age of Imperial Rome through extensive written records. c. was interrupted by massive migrations of Romans into Celtic territory in the fourth century B.C.E. d. was led by a society of philosopher kings. e. flourished in Europe during the Hellenistic Age.

e. flourished in Europe during the Hellenistic Age.

Theodoric the Ostrogoth Select one: a. demanded Romans pledge their fidelity and obedience to him. b. deposed the emperor in Constantinople and took over his provinces. c. subjected the Romans under his rule to great cruelty. d. consolidated the administrations of the Ostrogoths and the Romans into one government. e. included aristocratic Romans among his closest advisors.

e. included aristocratic Romans among his closest advisors.

The cult of the emperor was reinforced through Select one: a. the forced conversion of subjugated peoples. b. the emperor's taking of multiple wives to bear greater numbers of children. c. mandatory worship. d. mystery, since images portraying the emperor were forbidden. e. public works.

e. public works.

What happened in December, 406, that made it easier for migrating Germanic tribes to enter Roman territory? a. the Roman emperor was deposed b. a plague killed much of the empire's population c. the Tiber River flooded, inundating Rome d. many Roman troops were in Britain, suppressing a rebellion e. the Rhine River froze

e. the Rhine River froze

During the crisis in the third century C.E. Select one: a. the Christian Church broke into two factions, the Arians and the Athanasians. b. the Sasanasian king of the Persian Empire sacked the city of Rome and left it in ruins. c. the Western World slipped into the Dark Ages because the barbarians destroyed most of the written texts of the Roman Empire. d. a terrible famine killed off one third of the population of the Roman Empire. e. the assassination and swift succession of many Roman emperors left the borders of the empire vulnerable to barbarian attack.

e. the assassination and swift succession of many Roman emperors left the borders of the empire vulnerable to barbarian attack.

What is the Septuagint? Select one: a. a language spoken in trade and commerce throughout the Hellenistic world b. the informal name for the Seventh Book of Maccabees c. the great theater at Alexandria d. a new style of ship that facilitated long-distance trade in the Hellenistic world e. the name for the translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek by Alexandrian Jews

e. the name for the translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek by Alexandrian Jews

Under the Augustan imperial system, what was the primary function of the Senate? Select one: a. to control military, financial and diplomatic policy b. to engage in political debate to make laws c. to operate as a brake on the arbitrary rule of the emperor d. to serve as the judicial court and prosecute criminals e. to act as the administrative arm of imperial rule

e. to act as the administrative arm of imperial rule

The Diaspora Select one: a. transferred the focus of Judaism to Jerusalem. b. replaced rabbis with priests. c. led to the dissolution of the synagogue in the Roman world. d. resulted in the idea that only the followers of Jesus Christ would receive God's grace in the afterlife. e. was the consequence of the raid on Judea by the Romans.

e. was the consequence of the raid on Judea by the Romans.