History Final review

The sinking of the resulted in the deaths of 1,195 people.

Lusitania

A rising sense of nationalism in China was a reaction to the inability of Cixi to accept foreign ideas. the strong foreign influence in China. the apathy of the Chinese people. the declining economy.

b

As a result of the Crimean War, the Ottoman Empire became more reliant on Britain and France because Britain and France defeated and gained control of Crimea. Britain and France helped the empire win the war. Britain and France helped rebuild the empire after the war. Britain and France formed a protectorate with the empire.

b

Cecil Rhodes wrote that he wanted to "paint as much of the map of Africa British red as possible." Which of the following best paraphrases what he meant? British colonies are a shameful embarrassment to the world. Britain should establish as many African colonies as possible. Britain should distribute maps to schools throughout Africa. Britain should teach Africans styles of painting commonly found in Europe.

b

During the Taiping Rebellion, who rebelled? the army the peasants the wealthy the foreigners

b

How did the February Revolution in Russia differ from the October Revolution? The February Revolution led to the rise of the Bolsheviks, while the October Revolution led to the fall of the Bolsheviks. The February Revolution removed the tsar from power, while the October Revolution removed the provisional government from power. The February Revolution marked Russia's entry into World War I, while the October Revolution coincided with Russia pulling out of the war. The February Revolution sparked the public's interest in socialism, while the October Revolution sparked the public's interest in communism.

b

In China, food shortages, corruption in government, and high rates of opium addiction led to the Opium Wars. the Taiping Rebellion. the Boxer Rebellion. the Open Door Policy.

b

In saying that he wanted "peace without victory," President Wilson demonstrated that he was a(n) realist. idealist. tough negotiator. coward.

b

Nationalist movements in the Ottoman Empire resulted in growth and a stronger empire. independence or self-rule for many territories. new alliances with many European nations. a smaller but more stable empire.

b

Persia was located between the Middle East and Great Britain. Central Asia. Africa. Russia.

b

The term "white man's burden" refers to the difficulty of converting colonists to Christianity. the belief that Europe had a duty to civilize other people. the conviction that white people were superior to all others. the struggle to survive in an increasingly industrialized world.

b

Under new imperialism, Europe did not need large numbers of people to control territories because of decades of proven leadership under old imperialism. improved transportation, communication, and other advantages. carefully forged relationships with colonies' existing governments. strong central control from within European nations.

b

What key detail in "Wilson's War Message to Congress" supports his argument for entering the war? The German government acted impulsively by starting the war. Germany has sunk sea vessels regardless of the vessel's nationality. The people of the United States have sympathy for the Germans. Germany has complete control of many European ports.

b

What part did the slave trade play in helping Europeans take control of much of Africa in the 1800s? Europeans were able to enslave the people they conquered. The slave trade had weakened many African kingdoms. Europeans insisted that Africans practice slavery. The slave trade enriched the Europeans at this time.

b

What product did Britain continue to export despite objections by the Chinese government? silk fabric opium coal art

b

What was Commodore Perry's significant contribution to the beginning of Japan's transformation? He closed all embassies except the US. He opened Japan to the West. He made Japan open its ports to Europe. He sold US warships to Japan.

b

What was the significance of the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842? China got what it wanted because it showed strength during negotiation. Europeans forced the Chinese to sign it, ending the first Opium War. It prevented further wars between China and the Europeans. It was the cause of further discord leading to more wars.

b

Which statement best describes the main idea of paragraph 5, which begins "For Wilson," in "How We Entered World War I"? Once the people of the United States realized that the war would carry on, they became more involved. The economy of the United States improved greatly after the ban on trade was removed. Wilson presented a case for entering World War I based on the desire to retaliate against Germany. The people of the country sided with the Allies long before the United States entered the war.

b

Which statement describes the strategy Germany followed after Russia withdrew from the war? Germany ended submarine warfare in an effort to convince the United States to stay neutral. Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare to cut off supplies going to the Allies. Germany invaded Mexico as a means of distracting the United States from the fighting in Europe. Germany appealed to the United States to become one of the Central powers.

b

What would happen to industrialized nations' economies if they did not expand their reach abroad? Nations would avoid shortages of essential items within their nation. Nations would make what they needed with local resources. Nations would have fewer partnerships with other nations. Nations would have a smaller market in which to sell their goods.

d

What did China agree to do once the Treaty of Nanjing was signed? Check all that apply. eliminate all tariffs on imported goods create a "fair and reasonable" tariff allow Britain to trade at five ports surrender the territory of Hong Kong surrender the island of Taiwan

create a "fair and reasonable" tariff allow Britain to trade at five ports surrender the territory of Hong Kong

After the assassination of the Austrian archduke, which happened first? Germany invaded Belgium. Great Britain invaded Germany. Russia declared war on Serbia. Austria declared war on Serbia.

d

How was a colony different from a protectorate? A colony was protected by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not. A protectorate helped defend an imperial power, and a colony did not. A colony was independent of an imperial power, but a protectorate was not. A colony was controlled by an imperial power, but a protectorate was not.

d

In the early 1900s, how much contact did a Russian tsar have with the people? A tsar interacted with the public on a daily basis. A tsar met with the people often, but not every day. A tsar met with the public on special occasions only. A tsar was removed from the people and was rarely seen.

d

In the early 1900s, the Bolsheviks of Russia worked to support the provisional government. return the tsar to his position as ruler. bring about an end to communist rule. bring about a new socialist government.

d

Read the following passage from a book by modern-day author Adam Hochschild describing King Leopold's treatment of the Congo. "Talk of the lazy native accompanied the entire European land grab in Africa, just as it had been used to justify the conquest of the Americas. To an American reporter Leopold once declared, 'In dealing with a race composed of cannibals for thousands of years it is necessary to use methods which will best shake their idleness and make them realize the sanctity of work'." According to this passage, how did King Leopold justify his treatment of the Congolese people? The Congolese were not treated harshly, compared to the American Indians. The Congolese people understood the sanctity of work and needed to be punished. The Congolese had too many resources and had become lazy because of their wealth. The Congolese were an inferior people who needed harsh treatment for them to learn how to work.

d

The weakening of the Tokugawa Shogunate allowed nationalist groups to take over the Japanese military. destroy relations with the US. ask for more support from the US. demand a change in government.

d

What was social Darwinism? the change from nation to empire through imperialism the belief that social values should be shared with other nations the idea that nations evolve and adapt to new circumstances the process of natural superiority in the struggle for survival

d

Persia was divided into spheres of influence in .

1907

In which ways did the Meiji Restoration modernize Japanese government and society? Select all that apply. It appointed the emperor as head of the government. It created a democracy to model that of the US. It abolished feudalism and the samurai. It created a constitutional monarchy. It opened technology schools and universities.

It appointed the emperor as head of the government. It abolished feudalism and the samurai. It created a constitutional monarchy.

Until the mid-1800s, Japan was ruled by the Tokugawa Shogunate. What were the characteristics of Japan under its rule? Select all that apply. It was a constitutional monarchy. It was stable, with a rigid class structure. It had an agriculturally based economy. It had strong ties with China. It was isolationist. It was behind the West in technology. It had a strong navy.

It was stable, with a rigid class structure. It had an agriculturally based economy. It was isolationist. It was behind the West in technology.

The Triple Alliance (1882) was the first alliance in Europe in the years leading to World War I. Which nations were members of that alliance? Check all the apply. Great Britain France Italy Russia Germany Austria-Hungary

Italy, Germany Austria-Hungary

_________ increased competition for power among European states and led to imperialism.

Nationalism

As the Bolsheviks took control of the Soviet economy, they determined which jobs workers would hold and where workers would live. took land from peasants and gave it to members of the upper class. shipped grain and other food products from the cities to peasants. allowed businesses to decide prices and let workers set wages.

a

By building military bases around the world, imperialist nations mainly aimed to resupply naval vessels. protect far-flung colonies. initiate wars in several places at once. avoid warfare within their own nation.

a

China was easily defeated by the British in the first Opium War because China's navy was no match for Britain's advanced weaponry. Britain had help from its allies in Europe to fight the Chinese. China never had a chance after Britain's surprise attack. Britain's navy outnumbered the Chinese navy by fifty to one.

a

Each country had its own goals in negotiating the Treaty of Versailles. What was the goal of the British prime minister, David Lloyd George? He advocated a moderate approach and wanted Germany's colonies. He wanted to punish Germany for starting the war. He shared much of Wilson's vision of "peace without victory." He did not want to negotiate; he wanted to keep fighting.

a

How was Japan easily able to defeat China in the Sino-Japanese War? Japan's military was better trained and equipped. China surrendered quickly. China had fewer troops. Japan enlisted the help of its allies in Europe.

a

How would a government legally take control of another territory to add it to its own? Annex it. Append it. Incorporate it. Appropriate it.

a

Muhammad Ali tried to westernize Egypt by building a large army and expanding Egyptian territory. allowing Britain to take control of the government. expanding farms and developing a range of new crops. inviting European industries to expand to Egypt.

a

The Berlin Conference of 1885 is said to have set off a "scramble for Africa." That means that Europeans rushed to set up colonies in Africa. fought each other on African soil before leaving the continent. abandoned plans for establishing African colonies. grew interested in African music and art forms.

a

The Meiji Era changed Japanese society by modernizing the armed forces, investing in factories, and establishing universal education. encouraging Western influence, establishing universal education, and emphasizing nationalism. depending on imports from the West, reducing the military, and encouraging Western influence. modernizing the armed forces, establishing universal education, and deemphasizing nationalism

a

The Ottoman Empire contributed indirectly to the start of World War I by Balkan calls for independence, which contributed to instability in the region. by its war with Austria-Hungary, which contributed to the breakup of the Triple Entente. by Germany's declaration of war on the empire, which spurred the race for more colonies. by its rapid industrialization, which brought an economic depression in Europe.

a

The peace conference ending the Russo-Japanese War took place in which country? the US Japan Russia China

a

What is the most likely reason Persia gave economic control to Russia and Britain? It felt it had no choice because Russia and Britain were so powerful. It believed it would benefit from the deal more than Russia or Britain. It wanted to maintain peace in the region no matter the cost. It knew that Russia and Britain would not exploit its resources.

a

What part did the alliance system play in the events that led to World War I? Countries that were in alliances with other countries were obligated to support their allies when war was declared. Alliances enabled countries to cooperate in establishing large colonial empires. Countries that were in alliances with other countries were guaranteed that they would not have to go to war. The countries in one alliance system were not allowed to trade with countries in competing alliances, which further divided Europe.

a

When Russia and Britain established spheres of influence in Persia, Russia and Britain ______ each gained partial control of Persia's economy. together shared total control of Persia's government. together shared total control of Persia's economy. each gained partial control of Persia's government.

a

Which correctly lists all of the belligerents in the Crimean War? Russia, the Ottoman Empire, France, and Britain Russia, France, Britain, and India Russia and the Ottoman Empire Russia, France, and Britain

a

Which of these actions was a provision of the Treaty of Versailles? Germany lost all of its overseas colonies and territories. Germany's military was completely disbanded. Germany was to be governed by the Allies. Germany's newly manufactured weapons would go to pay reparations.

a

Which statement best summarizes "Wilson's War Message to Congress"? Wilson presents Congress with a clear argument for war against Germany, which includes an outline for implementation. Wilson urges Congress to declare war by presenting a case against Germany. Wilson presents a case to Congress for entering World War I based on the desire to retaliate against Germany. Wilson explains the support needed from Congress to successfully enter World War I.

a

Who was Vladimir Lenin? He was a leader of the Bolsheviks in Russia. He was a Russian activist who was executed. He was a Russian general during World War I. He was a member of Russia's provisional government.

a

China was insulated from the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions occurring in Europe because of its self-imposed isolation. As a result, it did not face competition and could focus more clearly on its own goals. the West continued to badger China diplomatically for cooperation. the West surged ahead of China while China began its slow decline. it grew in a parallel way in technology and science, surging ahead of Europe.

c

How did Japan become the most powerful nation in Asia? Japan doubled its territory in Asia. Japan's economy followed the US's example. Japan adopted Western military technologies and training methods. Japan's government made extremely wise alliances.

c

In the early 1920s, Lenin established the New Economic Policy, which instituted communist reforms and gave the economy a boost. instituted communist reforms and damaged the economy. reversed earlier changes and gave the economy a boost. reversed earlier changes and damaged the economy.

c

Read this passage written by British imperialist Cecil Rhodes. "I contend that we are the first race in the world, and the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race... If there be a God, I think that what he would like me to do is to paint as much of the map of Africa British red as possible." According to this passage, which of the following best describes Rhodes's view of British imperialism? It is Britain's duty to send manufactured goods to Africa. God is opposed to the colonization of Africa. It is Britain's duty to spread European ways and customs around the world. The British should be embarrassed by their dreams of a colonial empire.

c

Russia and Britain competed for Persia because it offered access to the Suez Canal. control of Central Asia. land and resources. industrial power.

c

What is the definition of imperialism? a strong belief in the superiority of one's culture over others a nation's rule by a monarch, emperor, or other powerful leader a country's political, economic, and social domination over another an intense sense of devotion to one's own country or people

c

What started the Russo-Japanese War? Russia issued a preemptive strike on Japan in the Sea of China. The conflict over Korea escalated into war near Seoul, Korea. Japan launched a surprise attack on the city of Port Arthur in Russia. Negotiations to avoid war broke down, and war ensued.

c

What was one effect of nation industrialization? Nations became more self-sufficient. Nations began to cooperate rather than compete. Nations needed more raw materials. Nations started to reduce their territories overseas

c

What was the most significant result of the Opium Wars? China's navy was exposed as incompetent. China could no longer impose tariffs. They increased Britain's influence in China. They decreased Europe's influence in China.

c

What was the most significant use of German submarines during World War I? deterring the expansion of the war Submarines were supposed to prevent a ground war in Germany. preventing the resupply of Allied Forces reducing overall casualties

c

Which is not an abundant natural resource found in Africa? Diamonds Palm oil Coal Farm land

c

Which of the following best describes the Ottoman Empire in the years just before World War I? strong and powerful eager to invade the Balkans weak and in decline allied with the Triple Entente

c

Which of the following was a political effect of European imperialism in Africa? Most manufactured goods were sent to Africa from Europe. Christianity spread across the African continent. Little experience was provided to Africans in self-government. Europeans owned most of the mines and plantations.

c

While many Russian soldiers were on the front during World War I, most of those who remained behind responded to the February Revolution by leaving the cities to fight on the front. firing into crowds of peaceful protestors. joining the riots instead of stopping them. breaking up the riots and restoring order.

c

Who was the last tsar to rule Russia? Alexandra Alexei Nicholas II Rasputin

c

Which factor made it most difficult for soldiers to cross the area between the trenches? The land was too wide to be crossed. The land was not claimed by either side, so access to it was impossible. The land was defended by civilians who prohibited fighting. The land was mined territory and was subject to artillery, shelling, and gunfire.

d

Which most likely was Persia's most valuable asset? its canals its cotton crop its mines its oil supply

d

Which statement best explains why tension grew between European leaders over colonialism in Africa? Some believed the colonization of Africa was immoral and illegal. Some feared that maintaining colonies in Africa would be too expensive. Some felt that others were too far away from Africa to have colonies there. Some were angered because other nations took over their colonies.

d

Which words best describe King Leopold II's actions in central Africa? indifferent, removed kind, concerned enlightened, civilized cruel, heartless

d

Who did John Hay negotiate with to establish the Open Door policy? only China and its leaders China and countries outside of the spheres of influence only the countries with spheres of influence China and the countries with spheres of influence

d

Read the paragraph from "Wilson's War Message to Congress." We have no quarrel with the German people. We have no feeling towards them but one of sympathy and friendship. It was not upon their impulse that their Government acted in entering this war. It was not with their previous knowledge or approval. It was a war determined upon as wars used to be determined upon in the old, unhappy days when peoples were nowhere consulted by their rulers and wars were provoked and waged in the interest of dynasties or of little groups of ambitious men who were accustomed to use their fellow men as pawns and tools. The text structure used to support the viewpoint in the paragraph is .

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