History of Rock and Roll Chapters 1-5

which of the following did western swing bands take from jazz? check all that apply

1. Syncopated rhythms, 2. improvisational practices, 3. saxophone

Which of the following features of Little Richard's music did Pat Boone try to imitate throughout his recordings?

1. The rhythmic singing style 2. The vocal inflections

Which of the following investigations became known as the payola scandal?

1. a special committee on legislative oversight formed to investigate accusations of cheating on quiz shows 2. a special committee on Legislative Oversight formed to investigate the practice of bribing disc jockeys for airplay

which of the following instruments were used by British settlers in their music?

1. guitar 2. the plucked and strummed dulcimers 3. the piano 4. the harmonica

Which of the following are features of Bill Haley's recording "(we're Gonna) Rock Around the Clock" (1955)

1. it had saxophones playing in riff patterns, 2. it followed the twelve-bars blues form.

Identify the features of Phil Spector's products.

1. many instruments 2. added chimes, castanets, triangles, timpani, and gongs to an already full sound

Identify the ways in which surf rock is different from other types of pop music of New York and Philadelphia

1. surf bands played their own instruments 2. it's vocals were not based on the old crooner vocal tradition

which of the following are features of country music?

1. the beats are patterned with five beats per bar. 2. the steel guitar is played with a bar and pedals that can bend entire chords.

Identify the features of the country blues composers and performers (check all that apply)

1. they sang texts that were often rough yet highly expressive. 2. they usually accompanied themselves on battered guitars.

Call and Repsonse

A leader sings out a phrase and the group then sings a copy of a version to that phrase

Field holler

An individual worker sings laments about the tasks required of him/her

Which of the following is true of the developments associated with musical interest in NOLA during the late nineteenth century?

Bands vied with each other for audience acclaim at Sunday parades.

As a performer, Willie Dixon played _________ on many Chess recordings.

Bass

Which of the following is a spirited and rhythmic piano style developed by African Americans in the South during the 20's and copied by many white performers?

Boogie-Woogie

True or False: The popularity of the rockabilly style was dying with the rise of teen idol pop stars in the late 50's. Eddie Cochran tired to incorporate more standard accompaniment and falsetto vocals into his last hit, "Three Steps to Heaven"

False

By the late 19th century, the main emphasis of musical interest in NOLA had shifted from

Opera and classical music to popular band music

What was used by John Lee Hooker to create an effective type of call-and-response that was used in other blues and blues rock recordings as well?

The Break

B.B. King came from Mississippi, the homeland of____ _____

The Delta Blues

Phil Spector's productions had such a distinctive effect that his style became known as the

The Wall of Sound

what was significant about the Beach Boys album Pet Sounds

The albums songs were connected thematically

As a musician who worked regularly with groups including saxophone, piano and drums, Elmore James gained a reputation as one of the early modernizers of ________ -______

The delta blues

When Joe Turner's version of "Shake, Rattle and Roll" is compared with Bill Haley's version which of the following point to the differences between the blues and the early rock music based on the blues?

The lyrics in Haley's version is more toned down that Turners

What made Bill Haley drop his country image and change his group name to the Comets?

The popularity of the beat and vitality of the blues among white teens

Which of the following is true of independent radio stations that sprang up in the late 40's?

The used disc jockeys as entertainers and were not afraid to play rock recodings

Willie Dixon was better known as a ______ than as a singer

blues songwriter

Which of the following is used by blues guitarists to slide from note to note on the upper strings of the guitar, leaving the other three fingers of that hand to play simple chord or bass lines?

bottlenecks

John Lee Hooker's recording of his twelve-bar blues song "boom bom" used a__________ in which the instruments stopped playing during the vocal line and then responded by playing on the second, third, fourth, and first beats that followed

break

true or fals: The use of gospel-style grunts and shouts made Elvis Presley's voice perfect for the young white fans of honky-tonk rock.

false

true or false: Most of the early teen idol singers were successful more for their musical talents than for their visual appeal and in-group identification

false

The ______ in Elvis Presely's recordings produced an energetic intensity that was an important characteristic of rockabilly

faster tempo

The trios or quartets of female singers who became popular with teens during the early 60's were known as ________

girl groups

Jerry Lee Lewis played his honky-tonk piano rock with a tremendous amount of energy throwing his right had all of the keyboard with _____ (sliding runs) while his left hand smashed at the keys to maintain a rhythmically pumping bass line

glissandos

The burst of popularity of the pop style created a need for musicians who specialized in

song writing

the burst of popularity of the pop style created a need for musicians who specialized in ________

song writing

The term ______ was first used for AfricanAmerican music in reference to gospel groups' ability to "stir people's souls"

soul

Which of the following developed out of the smooth, pop-oriented doo-wop style?

soul

which of the following developed out of the smooth, pop-oriented doo-wop style?

soul

The term________ was given to religious folk songs from both the white and the African American traditions from the eighteenth century through the 19th century.

spiritual

What is the technique for playing blues notes on a guitar without a bottleneck called?

string bending

________ bands played jazz related music, and individual musicians were allowed to improvise solo in a jazz style, but the bands themselves were igger than earlier jazz bands, and improvisation time was limited.

swing

Phil Spector considered his records to be

symphonies for teens

Ragtime was named for the "ragged"or ____ played by the pianists right hand, or the main melody played by the banjo or the band.

syncopated rhythms

Male singers of the 1960's who sane in the style reminiscent of the ballad crooners of the twenties through the forties, whose stars included Perry Como and Bing Crosby, were known as ________

teen idols

Which of the following is the most common lead instrument in surf rock

the electric guitar

What made Little Richard's style stand out from that of other jump blues musicians?

the fast tempos and high energy leven of his piano playing

The general label doo-wop referred to the ______ that the back up singers used

nonsense syllables

In the early twentieth century, Chicago musicians urbanized their styles by joining into groups and by replacing the __________

older acoustic guitars with electric ones.

Eddie Cochran's recordings "summertime blues" and C'mon Everybody" were successes as a result of his experiements with ______

overdubbing

Both work songs and field hollers sometimes referred to a "captain" as the person who________

oversaw their work

The lyrics to Bill Haley's recording "We're gonna Rock Around the Clock" used the word ________ for dancing and partying

rock

Elvis Presley's recordings at Sun Records introduced ______ to Amerian teenagers

rockabilly

In Duane Eddy's first hit, "Rebel-'Rouser" (1958) Eddy's lead guitar lines were answered by a/an _______

saxophone

The uneven rhythm pattern in most jazz styles is called a ________ when the bass is played on the beat and the chord is played on the last part of the beat.

shuffle beat

Louis Jordan called his rhythmic style of playing the blues ______

shuffle boogie

which of the following were the prerequisites for music in honky-tonks? (check all that apply)

the music had to be loud, the music had to have a steady, danceable beat

which of the following is a feature of spirituals?

the original sprituals were passed by memory from singer to singer

Which of the following is a feature of rockabilty found in Elvis Presley's Sun recordings, such as "good Rockin' tonight" and "Milkcow Blues Boogie"?

the recordings follow the traditional twelve-bar form

What was the role of women in popular music of the early 60's

the tended to be singers

What was common in black gospel singing styles of the 20th century?

the use of the leaders improvising while other singers stayed in the background with a plain melody

Which of the following is true of the Everly Brother's voices?

their voices slid gradually up to high notes, capturing the sound of someone almost on the verge of tears

The 45 rpm single records were popular because _________

they allowed for the inexpensive purchase of an individual song with another on the reverse side.

which of the following is a feature of Pat Boone's Recordings?

they fit his own clean-cut, boy next-door image

what was the most common feature of Tin Pan Alley songs

they were simple and easy to remember

How did white teenagers become acquainted with rhythm and blues in the late forties?

through the radio

True or False: In Music, improvisation happens when a musician decides what to play while he or she is playing

true

Which of the following were used as the standard accompaniment for Elvis Presley's recordings at Sun Records?

1. Electric lead guitar 2. the string bass 3. subdued drums 4. an acoustic rhythm guitar

The blues style that developed in Chicago combined with swing jass and boogie-woogie piano influences with the passion of the Delta Blues. This style was called _________ _________

Chicago Blues

The earliest known blues styles were called ______ because of their origins in rural areas of the United States, particularly the south.

Country Blues

McKinley Morganfield's style, which often included the whining sound of a bottleneck guitar, was rustic and was actually close to _______ in his early blues hits like "Rollin' Stone" (1948)

Country blues

Born in Texas, T-Bone Walker grew up playing _______ in the style of Blind Lemon Jefferson, who was also from Texas

Country blues guitar

the style of blues that had the most direct influence on the development of rock music came from the Mississippi delta and was called ____ _____

Delta Blues

Who was given the title the King of Surf Guitar for originating an impressive guitar style copied by many surf instrument groups of the early sixties?

Dick Dale

African American musicians trained in country blues, who moved from the rural South to large northern cities post World War I, developed the urban blues style. Which of the following instruments were included by these musicians in the rhythm section of most urban blues? check all that apply

Guitar, drums, bass

When Joe Turner's version of "Shake, Rattle and Roll" is compared with Bill Haley's version, which of the following point to the differences between the blues and the early rock music based on the blues?

Haley's version is faster than Turner's

Which of the following is true of the voice of Elvis Presley?

He had a wide, syrupy vibrado that suggested sensual warmth

which of the following is a feature of hymns performed at white churches?

Hymns were of steady beats with even beat subdivisions and accents on the first and third beat of each four beat pattern.

What was the rhythm and blues symbolic of during the 50's and 60's?

It was dance music that expressed the enjoyment of life

Louis Jordan's group was often described as a _______

Jump Band

The blues might not have had as great an impact on the development or rock music of the fifties and sixties had it not been for the tremendous popularity of a related style.

Rhythm and Blues

Which of the following is true of Tin Pan Alley during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

Songs were sentimental ballads or songs that were portrayed the "gay nineties" as full of fun and as an escape from life's realities.

In the context of examining the ancestral music of African Americans, what was significant about accompanied songs sung by griots from Sierra Leone?

Their songs share characteristics with early American blues songs

American Blues:

This functioned as a personal expression of an individual who suffered from a lack of human respectability

The griot song

This was central to the dominant social structure in Africa

_________ was the section of New York's West Twenty-Eighth Street between Fifth Avenue Broadway in which many music publishers had offices during the late 19th and 20th Centuries.

Tin Pan Alley

True or False, Bo Diddley's song "I'm a man" used a modified form of an instrumental break known as the Bo Diddley beat, in which the harp and piano break (stop playing) during the vocals, but the drums continue throughout the song.

True

In the coxtext of Joe Turner's and Bill Haley's version of Shake Rattle and Roll, match the versions with their successes on the music charts:

Turners recordings: was number 1 for 3 weeks on the R&B charts. Haley's recordings reached #7 on the pop charts

Elmore James's recording of Robert Johnson's twelve-bar blues song "I believe I'll dust my Broom" exemplified that synthesis of________

Urban and delta blues

Swing bassists created a much smoother effect by "walking" from note to note by playing a new note on every beat and occasionally between the beats to decorate the rhythmic flow. The bass style became known as_______ __________

Walking Bass

Who was Chuck Berry?

a guitarist and singer whose style was rooted in blues and rhythm and blues, but whose music was unquestionably rock and roll

spiritual

associated with songs by African American composers

The rhythm of the blues form is organized into four beat pattersn, each of which is called a ______

bar

the term ________ refers to the fact that Jimmie Rodgers sang many songs that followed the twelve-bar blues for, creating a combination of black and white musical styles as the 1920's.

blue

Part of the general character of the blues was created by bending the pitches of notes to what were called

blue notes

Jimmie Rodgers had a very distinctive vocal style described as _______, which is a type of singing that rapidly changes back and forth between high and low notes

blue yodeling

Uneven beat subdivisions =

characteristics of blues

A ______ refers to three or more notes played together

chord

The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) was formed in 1914 to _____

collect performance fees and distribute them to their write and publisher members

the songwriter organization

collects fees for the performances

Even beat subdivisions =

common in folk and country music

Psalm or hymn

commonly used for songs by white composers

While Elmore James's groups gave his music a modern sound, his own guitar playing was an example of bottleneck __________

country blues

The Orioles' recording of "crying in the chapel" (1953) was a/an _____ rerecording , of a country song by white singer, Darrell Glenn

cover

Swing bands often backed male singers who sang in a style known as_______

crooning

The term ________ came to be used to identify the vocal group sound, as the groups usually had a lead singer who was accompanied by other singers singing nonsense syllables or repeating a few words from the lead singers lines.

doo-wop

The regular use of the same basic chord progression at about the same rhythmic rate is most doo-wop songs is called

doo-wop progression

Western swing was one of the few hillbilly styles that used______

drums

T-Bone Walker was among the first musicians to use the ________ as a solo blues instrument.

electric guitar

Carl Perkins had been playing the _______ and singing at country dances when he first heard Presley's recordings on a local radio program

guitar

As a jump blues singer, Joe Turner was often described as a "blues shouter" because ________

he made his voice match the honking sounds of the saxophones

Which of the following is true of Jerry Lee Lewis?

he was a rockabilly artist who played honky-tonk piano rock.

Which of the following is true of Chuck Berry's guitar solos?

he would take a short riff and, with each repetition, dig into notes more and more to increase the intensity of the sound

Which of the following is true of Carl Perkins

he wrote songs

Buddy Holly's vocal style was characterized by his trademark _______

hiccup on certain turns of phrase

what was the earliest form of country music called

hillbilly

white gospel music followed many of the same traditions as _____

hillbilly music

A ________ _______ was a bar or saloon, often found outside the limits of "dry" towns

honky tonk

______ benefited from payola by being able to pay for a records airplay in one town and then make a profit from sales of the record

independent record companies

Which of the following is a feature of Rhythm and blues?

it originated in the African American ghettos of large cities.

How was Duane Eddy's first hit, "Rebel-'Rouser" (1958) influenced by the energy of gospel music?

it used an instrumental form of call-and-response

Which of the following is true of payola?

it was primarily thought of as payments to encourage programmers to give more radio time or television airtime to particular songs.

what is the symbolism of gospel music?

it was used to voice the shared religious beliefs of a group of worshipers.

Recordings became so important in rock music that many performers would ______ ________ to the recordings of their songs on television rather than perform them live

lip sync

what was the outcome of the investigations of the payola scandal?

many small record companies that depended on payola to get any airplay for their recordings went out of business.

What was the outcome of the investigations of the payola scandal?

many small record companies that had depended on payola to get any airplay for their recordings went out of business.

After years of vacillating between rock and religion, Little Richard returned to rock recording in 1986 with a new style he called

message music

_____ or paying for airplay or other publicity, has existed in some form or other since Civil War times

payola

The publisher

pays the songwriter for the sale of the sheet music

the company that made the roll or recording

pays the writer the mechanical fees

The exact origin of blues notes may never be known for certain, but they came either from _____ used in world music or perhaps even from Islamic influences on African music.

pentatonic

Rhythm and blues was called _______ until the end of the fourties

race music

A/an ________ is a highly stylized vocal device used by gospel singers as an embellishment that involved sliding around the notes both above and below the melody note, thereby dramatically delaying that not, and then finally resolving it.

turn or melisma

The complete structure for each AAB blues verse, chorus, or stanza is often referred to as the____________

twelve-bar blues

The bass in country music often plays the root of the chord on beat one and the fifth of the chord on beat three in a four-beat pattern, creating a regular alternation between those notes called ______

two-beat bass

A musical characteristic found in a larger percentage of doo-wop is the constant pounding of repeated chords at the rate of three chords per beat with the bass line and melody following that triplet pattern through their use of_________

uneven beat subdivisions

During the thirties and forties, a style called _______ _______, which had its orgins from the music played by fiddle-and-guitar barn dance bands, became popular in Texas.

western swing

Songs sung during slave work are called_______

work songs