History of Rock Quiz #3
Skiffle- Lonnie Donegan
"Rock Island Line"
Otis Redding
"Try a little Tenderness" gained inspiration from the gospel music that preceded the genre
Marvin Gaye
"What's Going On" Vietnam
The Weavers at Carnegie Hall
"Wimoweh" - Pete Seeger- I should be able to sing what I want, this is America after being called communist - "We Shall Overcome" based on spirituals Civil Rights taught at Highlander Folk School (major meeting point for Civil Rights)
The Kinks
"You Really Got Me" social commentary and acoustic music --> "Well Respected Man" a foray into Psychadelic rock--> "See My Friends"
British Blues Revival
- Alexis Korner- facilitator - ran shows where people would get up and jam together "I got my brand on you" - Alexis Korner's Blues Incorporated with a Mic Jagger, Jack Bruce and Charlie Watts
Joan Boaz with Dylan
- Boaz wrote protest songs for 50+ years "Diamonds and rust" - dated for short time
Muscle Shoals, Al
- Fame Studios - Rick Hall- Fame Studios producer - progressive, integrated rhythm and blues - crazy it was located in a small Al town - musicians "The Swampers" backing up black singers were white
Teen Idols
- Frankie Avalon and Fabian - performed on Dick Clark's American Bandstand - non-threatening, nice guys, girls liked em just cause there really wasn't anyone else to like - "Venus"
Dylan the Ballad Singer
- Jean Ritchie ballads "Lord Randal"
Billy Bragg and Wilco
- Mermaid Avenue "California Stars" out of Woody Guthrie lyrics
Should Innovators
- Ray Charles - the Genius of Soul - James Brown - the Godfather of Soul - Sam Cooke - Sweet Soul
Bob Dylan
- Robert Zimmerman - from Minnesota - unusually talented in Greenwich - inspired by Woody Guthrie in early days - 1st album didn't do that well, but next album I 1963 "The Freewheeling" did great "Masters of War" protest song (the Cold War and Cuban Missile Crisis)
1964 Newport Folk Festival
- SNCC sang here (the freedom singers) - Peter Paul and Marry, Joan Boaz, Bob Dylan, Peter Seeger, Theodore Bikel
Southern Soul
- Soulsville USA, Memphis - opposite of Motown - Jim Stewart and Estelle Axton - STAX were both white but their singers were black
Woody Guthrie
- The Dust Bowl Poet "This Land is Your Land" commentary about our country- more to the lyrics than just the pretty ones we often listen to - This Machine Kills Fascists on guitar
James Brown in Boston after MLK's assassination
- The Godfather of Funk - no chord progression/melody - roots of hiphop
James Brown
- The Godfather of Soul - - the hardest working man in show business - The famous flames - mid 50s "Please, Please, Please" - one of the fathers of funk and also influenced hiphop - less harmonic and more rhythmic as music goes on using more from its African roots - docked pay of band for mistakes - very intense band leader "I got you" "night train"
The Almanac Singers
- Woody Guthrie, Pete Seeger - The People's Song Movement - advocating an anti-war, anti-racism and pro-union philosophy
The Day that Rock died
- a lot of people felt like the end of 50s= end of Rock n Roll - Elvis joins the army - Little Richard joins the ministry - Chuck Berry is arrested - Jerry Lee Lewis marries cousin - Buddy Holly, the Big Bopper and Ritchie Valers died in a plane crash
The Funk Brothers
- backup singers who could read music; talented - standing in the shadows of Motown - got little credit, just hourly wages
Blind Faith
- band with Eric Clapton and others from other bands - put out 1 album "Can't Find My Way Home"
MLK Assassination
- black musicians stopped using European elements in soul/gospel and started using rhythm in funk music
The Temptations
- dance choreography "The Way You Do the Things You Do" "My Girl" first #1 pop hit by David Ruffin; early Motown sound
Motown
- distinct sound - record company but almost a genre - Detroit Michigan - largest black corporation in America - 75% of everything they released was placed on the charts - shining example of Civil Rights
The Early Beatles at the Cavern Club
- downtown Liverpool - with drummer Pete Best "Roll Over Beethoven" - manager Brian Epstein - Producer George Martin "The 5th Beatle" who was more impressed with their charisma than their music - Ringo Starr replaced Pete Best "A Hard Day's Night" album dropped at end of 1964 for film; Bob Dylan introduced them to marijuana and encouraged them to write more interesting lyrics; written under the influence of cannibus
1965 Dylan plugs
- electric guitar, rock n roll outfit "Maggie's Farm" 1965 Newport Folk Festival - most attention --> "Like a Rolling Stone" handwritten lyrics sold for $2M highest ever original lyrics
Jackson Five
- end of 60s - on Dick Clark Show- didn't even deny lip sync
The Byrds
- first true rock band - had been an acoustic folk band till seeing Hard Day's Nigh movie- bought all the instruments of Beatles - Folk Rock Comes to life - covered Dylan's original "Mr. Tambourine Man"
The 60s
- important to American youth - Civil Rights, Cuban Missile Crisis, Assassination of JFK, Vietnam War, Military Draft, Psychedelic drug use, Birth of American Counterculture
Booker T and the MGs
- more authentic soul music
Phil Spector and the Wall of Sound
- mostly female groups - The Ronettes "Be my Baby" - murdered a girl - "Da Doo Ron Ron" the Crystals written by Phil Spector and some Brill Building Pop songwriters
The Rolling Stones
- named after Muddy Waters song - Mic Jagger wanted band to be blues at first, not rock n roll - from London- more upperclass socioeconomically than Beatles - glitter sound and sang about sex - Manager Andrew Loog Oldham "Satisfaction" "Paint it Black" song which experimented with Indian sitar too
Brill Building Pop
- new Tin Pan Alley - Carol King (wrote music) and Jerry Goffin (wrote lyrics) got pregnant and married then divorced because Jerry was a hippie; wrote 23 top 20 hits - Girl Group The Shirelles mostly African American huge phenomenon "Will you still love me tomorrow?"
Beatles grew out of skiffle
- out of American music - popular among British youth
David Crosby form the Byrds
- paired up with some guys from Buffalo Springfield "For What It's Worth" anti-war
The Who
- pointed toward 1970s punk with blues roots "I'm the Face" the their band was known as High Numbers - 1965 "My Generation" did well in England, not in U.S. - Pete Townsend songwriter - volatility between band members - drugs, guitar smashing, always edging near violence - summer 1967 first rock festival "My Generation" resonated with counterculture American public first debut here at this festival
Soul Music
- reflected attitudes of cuture/Civil Rights - grew out of 50s, blossomed in the 60s like folkrock - drew heavily on black gospel - upset a lot of people in black churches - black churches essential to Civil Rights Movement
Songwriters
- similar to Brill Building Pop - Holland Dozier and Holland (H-D-H) - Motown sound- kinda pop, good hooks that were often infused into the song and often would be echoed in artists' other songs if successful - formulaic approach in songwriting
The Payola Scandal takes its toll
- since the 1920's, record companies would spend as much as $20K to get radio stations to play a song - 50s disc jockeys paid to play songs - 70s give dj's prostitutes, drugs, trips - Shania Twain paid $1M to get song on pop genre chart - Alan Freed fired in Payola Scandal - Dick Clark's American Bandstand in Payola would accept $/publish songs and let people on his show
Berry Gordy
- started Motown - songwriter, told artists how to sing - hired Smokey Robinson "Shop Around" - control freak
Sam Cooke
- sweet soul "You Send Me" - sang in band called the Soul Stirrers "A Change is gonna Come" inspired by Bob Dylan
Ray Charles
- the Genius of Soul - took elements from gospel and added to pop - preaching style call and response with horns instead of voices "I got a Woman" - hard on band then mellowed, perfectionist, went blind as a kid "That's What I Say" Atlantic Records
Aretha Franklin
- the Queen of Soul "Respect" - Detroit, Michigan - dad pastor of huge church- gospel roots - had been on CBS records where they tried to make her smooth pop "Do Right Woman"
The Quarrymen at the Casbah Coffee Club
- what Beatles first were - basement; also first and last place they played - from Liverpool- working class town - Pete Best, drummer, kicked out later
Darlene Love
- worked with Phil Spector - there was a group of black women that sang backup in hundreds of hit songs
Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller
- wrote "Hound Dog" and also songs for Elvis - bringing black artists into music - wrote playlets in 60s for black bands like The Coasters "Down in Mexico" The Drifters "On Broadway"
Feb. 9, 1964
Beatles went on Ed Sullivan Show "I want to hold your hand"
The Beatles
George Harrison, Ringo Starr, Paul McCartney, John Lennon
Greenwich Village
Gerdes Folk City- Manhattan
Folklorists (ethnomunologists)
John and son Alan Lomax made field recordings of music that the commercial music industry wasn't interested in.
Garage Bands
Kingsmen "Louie Louie"
John Meyers
Knoxville with the Five Pennies
The Beach Boys
Surf Music - Phil Spector and Chuck Berry- major influences on Beach Boys who stole one of Berry's songs "Sweet Little 16" - romanticized
Roy Orbison
Pop and Rockabilly "Only the Lonely"
The Kingston Trio
Pop folk "Tom Dooley"
George Harrison discovered sitar and thought it was cool
Ravi Shankar "Norwegian Wood"
Cholly Atkins
choreographer
The British Invasion 1964
drawing heavily on American music - the Beatles arrive at JFK airport - no British band had success in U.S. before - already popular in Europe - held the top 5 spots on April 4, 1964
Folk and Folk Rock
really old or borrows from old/roots songs
Dylan the Poet
symbolism and imagery "Don't Think Twice"
Atlantic Records
Wilson Picket (black singer) and Jerry Wexler (producer) "In the Midnight Hour" specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians - Otis Redding
The Monkees
"Last Train to Clarksville" American response to British Invasion
Diana Ross and the Supremes
"Baby Love"
Peter Paul and Mary
"Blowin' in the Wind" 1 of the top 10 albums the year it was released
Eric Clapton
"Boom Boom" - originally in band called Yardbirds - left Yardbirds after "For Your Love" to pursue blues - played with Blues Breakers (3 members of Fleetwood Mac) - Eric Clapton and Cream "Crossroads" as Eric Clapton was a Robert Johnson fan "White Room" 5 beats per measure, then 4
Everly Brothers
"Bye Bye Love" went to high school at West High School in Knoxville
The Holy Modal Rounders
"Euphoria" - fiddlers, old-time string music, freak for, quirky
Spencer Davis Group
"Gimme Some Lovin'" blue-eyed soul- white people trying to sing soul music
Woody Guthrie with Lead Belly (Huddie Ledbetter)
"Goodnight Irene" - from Louisiana - Influenced by the Blues and British folk/ballad- both white and black
Gerry and the Pacemakers
"How You Do it" - 1st Liverpool band to have a #1 hit - The Merseybeat- style of music from Liverpool
Phil Ochs
"I Ain't Marching Anymore" "When I'm Gone" - some political overtones but mostly just personal - protest music; manic depression --> committed suicide
Herman's Hermits
"I'm Into Something Good" - Brill Building Hits wrote their #1 song in England
Dick Dale and the Del-Tones
"Misirlou" King of the Surf Guitar
Sam and Dave Soul Men
"Soul Man"
Simon and Garfunkel
"The Sounds of Silence" - met in high school
