History Quiz Ch.15 Lesson 2,3

5 boroughs of New York

Manhatten, Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, Staten Island

Jane Addams

American Social workers and activist; she was the co-founder of Hull House, an organization that focused on the needs of immigrants, won Nobel Peace Prize

Fredrick Law Olmsted

American landscape architect; he designed NYC's Central Park, Boston's "Emerald Necklace" of parks and other urban planning

Elisha Otis

American mechanic and inventor, he invented the mechanized safety elevator

Thomas Nast

American political cartoonist; he helped turn public attention to the corruption of Tammany Hall and Boss Tweed.

William Tweed

American politician, he gained control of New York City's Tammany Hall became known as Boss Tweed. He was convicted of stealing from the New York City treasury.

1896 election canidates

Bryon(democrat adopted some populous ideas) and ***McKinley(republication)***

Ohio's state govt.

Columbus, OH

Legislative branch

Congress 1, Senate 2 per. state 2. House of representatives pop. size

Tweed Ring

Tweed and his friends that were notorious and powerful, Tammany Hall, stole riches and pocketed them from the poor

James Garfield

Twentieth president of the United States; he was elected in 1880 but was assassinated only months after inauguration because he didn't give an individual a government job

William McKinley

Twenty-fifth president of the United States; he enacted protective tariffs in the McKinley Tariff Act of 1890 and acquired Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines during his administration. He was later assassinated.

Chester Arthur

Vice president of the United States in 1880; he became the twenty-first president of the United States upon the death of James Garfield.

1892 election canidates

Weaver(populous), Harrison(republican) and ****Cleveland (democrat)****

Populist Party

a political party formed in 1892 that supported free coinage of silver, work reforms, immigration restrictions, and government ownership of railroads and telegraph and telephone systems, the more money you make the more your taxed

National Grange

a social and educational organization for farmers

Credit Mobilier

construction company set up by UPR and charged taxpayers 25 million more than it cost to build railway

City of Huron Govt.?

council, the people elect them

gilded

covered thinly with gold

how did political machines control politics in major cities?

exchanged money and assistance for votes, used corrupt methods during their power to gain money dishonestly

spoil system

filling government jobs with winning political party supporters

Lilian Wald

founder of Henry Street Settlement house in NYC

political machine

informal groups of professional politicians that controlled the local government

efforts made to reduce federal corruption?

laws required competitive exams to be used to hire some government employees jobs, now based on ability not who you know

farmers hardships?

lost their farms because they couldn't repay banks, oversupply of food and low prices for it

Interstate Commerce Act

made railroad rates fair to all customers, was first time the federal government stepped in and regulated an industry

settlement house

neighborhood center staffed by professionals and volunteers for education, recreation and social activities in poor areas

Nouveau Riche

newly rich city dwellers

Pendleton Service Act

required promotions to be based on ability not political connections

gilded age

serious social problems disguised by perception that immigrants would achieve wealth and great economic growth when the reality was actually poverty, corruption, discrimination and greed

Conspicuous Consumption

spending money freely

whisky ring

stole millions of dollars from taxpayers

how did American cities change in the late 1800s?

tall buildings with elevators, mass transit subways, urban planning and parks (Central Park)

How did the settlement house movement work to improve living conditions for immigrants and poor Americans

taught them the skills they would need to help themselves out of poverty

how did populist movement give farmers' political power

the Grange and Farmers Alliance wanted change, populist party began direct political campaigns

social gospel

the idea that religious faith should be expressed through good works

Money Supply Issue

there could only be as much money in circulation as there was gold, farmers wanted to change it to silver because more of that was available, making more money in circulation, higher prices and farmers profited

how did class differences affect the way urban dwellers lived?

upper: spent $ freely, luxurious homes and servants middle: educated workers corp., professionalization, social activists lower/working: poverty, harsh living and working conditions, women worked for low wages