History test 2 MC

A great worry for industrialists during the 1920s was the fear of A. the overproduction of goods. B. a shortage in the number of skilled workers. C. the rising bargaining power of labor unions. D. a shortage of consumer credit. E. inflation.

A

As Herbert Hoover began his presidency, he A. considered the country to have a bright economic future. B. assumed the economy might suffer a mild recession. C. feared a depression. D. called for voluntary guidelines to stabilize the stock market. E. renounced his earlier policy of associationalism.

A

As a result of the service of African American soldiers in World War I, A. activism by blacks for their rights increased. B. public attitudes on race were significantly altered. C. the country saw a general improvement in race relations. D. the federal government integrated the armed forces. E. northern black factory workers were able to keep their jobs when white veterans returned.

A

As president, Warren Harding A. never abandoned the party hacks who had brought him to success. B. sought a revival of progressive reform. C. proposed the United States join the League of Nations. D. saw his administration end with his defeat for reelection in 1924. E. had no sense of his own intellectual limits.

A

As secretary of commerce, Herbert Hoover considered himself A. a champion of business cooperation. B. a believer in passive government. C. a paragon of conservative America. D. an internationalist in the tradition of Woodrow Wilson. E. an enemy of wealth and privilege.

A

By the fall of 1915, President Woodrow Wilson A. stated that the United States was likely to enter the war within a year. B. ordered American troops to staging camps in England. C. had come to support a rapid increase of the nation's armed forces. D. was firmly rooted with the peace faction of the Democratic Party. E. sent Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan to broker a peace settlement.

A

During the 1930s, American literature A. offered a greater degree of social commentary than did either radio or movies. B. saw most popular books and magazines focus on the Great Depression. C. saw photographic magazines lose much of their readership due to the high cost of each issue. D. faced censorship laws that suppressed criticisms of American politics and culture. E. adopted a more pessimistic, although no less radical, approach to society in the later 1930s.

A

During the 1930s, the Southern Tenant Farmers Union A. sought to organize the rural poor across racial lines. B. was formed by the American Communist Party. C. concerned the federal government as a powerful force of rural radicalism. D. both sought to organize the rural poor across racial lines, and concerned the federal government as a powerful force of rural radicalism. E. All these answers are correct.

A

In March 1917, the United States moved closer to entering the Great War when A. the czarist government of Russia was overthrown. B. the Bolsheviks came to power in Russia. C. Russia asked the Allies to call for an armistice. D. a German offensive threatened to capture Moscow. E. Russia and Germany negotiated a separate peace.

A

In his dealings with Pancho Villa, President Woodrow Wilson A. ordered a military expedition into Mexico to capture Villa. B. saw American troops capture Villa and bring him to the United States. C. eventually released Villa in order to smooth relations with the Carranza government. D. both ordered a military expedition into Mexico to capture Villa, and eventually released Villa in order to smooth relations with the Carranza government. E. All these answers are correct.

A

In the 1930s, the "Dust Bowl" A. was created by the national economic collapse. B. stretched from Kansas to California. C. experienced years of heavy rainfall. D. was created by grasshoppers. E. was a product of changing environmental conditions.

A

In the 1930s, the director Frank Capra typically displayed in his films A. a populist admiration for ordinary Americans. B. the cultural backwardness of small towns in America. C. praise for the "rugged individualism" of American business. D. the grasping materialism of most Americans. E. a harsh critique of the heartlessness of capitalism.

A

In the workplace, the "open shop" meant A. no worker was required to join a union. B. skilled workers were required to join a craft union. C. labor unions had the right to organize that particular industry. D. workers had no right to join a union. E. workers would be allowed to come and go as they pleased.

A

Prior to the United States' construction of the Panama Canal, A. the French had failed to build a channel at the same site. B. the United States had failed to build a canal across Nicaragua. C. the British had failed to build a canal across Costa Rica. D. the Germans had failed to build a canal at the same site. E. no country had attempted to build a canal connecting the Atlantic with the Pacific.

A

"Dollar Diplomacy" is associated primarily with the administration of A. William McKinley. B. William Howard Taft. C. Theodore Roosevelt. D. Woodrow Wilson. E. Warren Harding.

B

A growing interest in birth control among middle-class women in the 1920s resulted from A. the desire to delay childbirth to pursue a career outside of the home. B. the attitude that sexual activity should not be for procreation only. C. the desire to maintain a rigid, Victorian female "respectability." D. both the desire to delay childbirth to pursue a career outside of the home, and the attitude that sexual activity should not be for procreation only. E. All these answers are correct.

B

After the Russo-Japanese War in 1904-1905, A. relations between Japan and the Roosevelt administration steadily improved. B. President Roosevelt took no direct action against Japan. C. the Japanese military presence in the Pacific declined. D. the Russian government collapsed. E. President Roosevelt negotiated a secret free trade agreement with Russia.

B

American labor unrest in 1919 saw A. the public generally support unions. B. a general strike in Seattle that brought the city to a standstill. C. a major steel strike resolved in favor of the workers. D. Governor Calvin Coolidge attract national acclaim for his support of labor. E. All these answers are correct.

B

As a result of the sinking of the British passenger liner Lusitania, A. the United States declared war on Germany. B. Germany pledged to the United States it would not repeat such an action. C. President Wilson prohibited Americans from traveling to Europe. D. Great Britain began an intensive campaign to build a submarine fleet. E. the United States began leasing its submarines to Great Britain.

B

During the Harding administration, the Teapot Dome scandal involved A. the illegal sale of timber rights. B. transfers of national oil reserves. C. graft in federal construction contracts. D. political blackmail. E. the secret sale of armaments to Nicaragua.

B

For women, the economic pressures caused by the Great Depression A. weakened the notion that a woman's proper place was in the home. B. saw men move into jobs traditionally held by professional women. C. forced most women out of the labor force. D. saw the federal government make it illegal for married women to work outside the home. E. affected service and clerical positions held by women more than they did jobs in heavy industry.

B

In response to the Great Depression, many Mexican Americans A. migrated to the South. B. left the United States entirely. C. moved into California. D. successfully organized agricultural unions. E. migrated into rural areas, where work was more available.

B

In the 1930s, all of the following films offered social commentary on the United States and the Great Depression EXCEPT A. Our Daily Bread. B. It Happened One Night. C. The Grapes of Wrath. D. Mr. Smith Goes to Washington. E. Mr. Deeds Goes to Town.

B

In the United States during World War I, the Committee on Public Information (CPI) A. established strict rules of censorship for journalists reporting on the war. B. became increasingly sensationalist in its information campaign. C. criticized the federal government's reporting of the war. D. was led by a panel of American military officers. E. became a haven for pacifists and conscientious objectors.

B

The "Abraham Lincoln Brigade" is associated with A. the radical Right. B. the Spanish Civil War. C. veterans of World War I. D. the "bonus marchers." E. the Civilian Conservation Corps.

B

American casualties in World War I were A. numbered at approximately 350,000. B. numbered at approximately 60,000. C. as likely to be from disease as from combat. D. very low in all battles that U.S. troops participated in. E. comparable in number to those of the European powers.

C

During World War I, the United States military role in Europe A. saw American soldiers engage solely in light skirmishes. B. saw U.S. forces carry the fighting into Germany. C. lasted only a few months but saw heavy American casualties. D. saw American combat troops kept separate from Allied forces. E. took place mostly in Belgium and the Netherlands.

C

During the 1920s, wages for American workers A. generally enabled a working-class family to thrive on a single income. B. rose most quickly for unskilled workers. C. generally ran well below the growth of the economy as a whole. D. equaled or exceeded the rate of production growth. E. generally decreased as the labor market became tighter.

C

During the Great Depression, Asian Americans A. unlike blacks and Hispanics were generally able to keep from losing their jobs to white Americans. B. who were college educated generally weathered the crisis fairly well. C. had trouble competing for jobs with poor white migrants from the Midwest. D. were limited by law to low-paying jobs such as salesclerks and food servers. E. found it easier to move into mainstream professions.

C

Franklin Roosevelt's victory over Herbert Hoover in 1932 A. saw Roosevelt carry every state. B. was disputed in several states. C. was a convincing mandate. D. was decided only in the final days of the election. E. All these answers are correct.

C

In order to secure control of the Panama Canal zone, the United States A. carried out the overthrow of the president of Panama. B. organized a trade embargo against Colombia. C. assisted a revolution in Panama. D. purchased the land for the canal from Colombia. E. surrounded the canal site with a "Great White Fleet."

C

In the late 1920s, the European demand for agricultural and manufacturing goods from the United States was A. rising. B. steady. C. declining. D. chronically unstable. E. essentially nonexistent

C

Passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 A. marked the beginning of a new era in progressive reform. B. outlawed the production, sale, and consumption of alcohol. C. gave women the right to vote. D. required the direct election of senators. E. disallowed Woodrow Wilson from running for a third term.

C

President Herbert Hoover responded to the onset of the Great Depression by A. proposing a series of economic reform programs. B. shutting down the bank system until confidence in it could be restored. C. urging voluntary cooperation from business leaders. D. calling for a tax increase to prevent a federal deficit. E. calling for a system of social security to alleviate individual suffering.

C

The most prominent exponent of black nationalism following World War I was A. Claude McKay. B. Booker T. Washington. C. Marcus Garvey. D. W. E. B. Du Bois. E. Malcolm X.

C

During World War I, the new technology of warfare A. created logistical problems that slowed many offensives. B. allowed the attack of the enemy without direct combat. C. were largely responsible for the appalling level of casualties. D. both created logistical problems that slowed many offensives, and allowed the attack of the enemy without direct combat. E. All these answers are correct.

D

In 1914-1915, the United States responded to a British naval blockade of Germany by A. ending trade with all of Europe to maintain its neutrality. B. ending trade with Great Britain to pressure it to lift the blockade. C. defying the blockade and continuing to trade with Germany. D. ending trade with Germany but continuing it with Great Britain. E. rerouting all trade with Germany through the Mediterranean.

D

In 1932, the unemployment rate in Toledo, Ohio, was one of the worst in the nation at A. 40 percent. B. 60 percent. C. 70 percent. D. 80 percent. E. 95 percent.

D

President Theodore Roosevelt defined "civilized" and "uncivilized" nations on the basis of A. race. B. naval power. C. economic development. D. both race and economic development. E. All these answers are correct.

D

The 1904 "Roosevelt Corollary" A. was invalidated by the Supreme Court during the Wilson administration. B. stated that neighboring countries had to adhere to U.S. policy in times of war. C. was created as a result of a military crisis in Cuba. D. stated that the U.S. had a right to intervene in the affairs of neighboring countries. E. stated that England and England alone was exempted from the Monroe Doctrine.

D

The country that lost the greatest number of lives in World War I was A. Russia. B. Great Britain. C. France. D. Germany. E. Italy.

D

All of the following statements regarding the 1932 "Bonus Army" are true EXCEPT that A. Hoover called some marchers' behavior evidence of uncontrolled violence and radicalism. B. several thousand American veterans camped out in Washington D.C. C. Congress refused to formally consider the demands of the "Army." D. many Americans viewed President Hoover as unsympathetic to the veterans. E. the "Army" demanded Congress create relief programs for World War I veterans.

E

As the United States entered World War I, its most immediate military effect was in A. western Europe. B. the Far East. C. north Africa. D. eastern Europe. E. the Atlantic Ocean.

E

During World War I, the United States government primarily financed the war through A. deficit spending and currency manipulation. B. foreign loans and the printing of new currency. C. private business and banking loans. D. currency inflation and the sale of gold reserves. E. public bond sales and new taxes.

E

In 1918, President Wilson's "Fourteen Points" received significant political support from A. the British government. B. the United States Senate. C. the French government. D. both the British and French governments. E. None of these answers is correct.

E

In 1918, President Woodrow Wilson antagonized many Republicans A. when he pushed for the election of Democrats to Congress. B. when he refused to put prominent Republicans on the peace conference negotiating team. C. when he tied support of his peace plans to the midterm elections. D. both when he tied support of his peace plans to the midterm elections and when he pushed for the election of Democrats to Congress. E. All these answers are correct.

E

In the 1920s, the "noble experiment" referred to A. the equal rights amendment for women. B. laws to restrict child labor. C. political isolationism. D. female suffrage. E. the prohibition of alcohol.

E

In the 1930s, the largest Japanese- and Chinese-American populations were found in A. Oregon. B. Arizona. C. Washington. D. Hawaii. E. California.

E

In the United States after it entered World War I, A. most German Americans supported the American war effort. B. German books were removed from many schools and libraries. C. the playing of German music was banned in many communities. D. sauerkraut was renamed "liberty cabbage." E. All these answers are correct.

E

President Theodore Roosevelt's policies regarding Asia were intended to A. favor Japan. B. favor Russia. C. favor China. D. secure American dominance there. E. prevent any single rival nation from being dominant.

E

The Scopes trial of 1925 was a legal battle between A. blacks and whites. B. urban and rural society. C. nativists and immigrants. D. U.S. Steel and the Amalgamated Steelworkers' Union. E. creationism and evolution.

E

The policy idea behind "Dollar Diplomacy" was to A. create stable governments in less-developed nations. B. reduce the deployment of troops from the United States to other nations. C. encourage other nations to peg their currency to the U.S. dollar. D. financially reward Latin nations that supported the interests of the United States. E. extend investments by the United States in less-developed regions.

E

During the 1920s, the trend toward industrial consolidation A. was most pronounced in the large-scale, mass-production sector. B. was slowing considerably throughout the decade. C. encouraged new competition. D. was most rapid in industries less dependent on technology. E. bypassed the steel and automobile industries.

A

During the Great Depression, A. the divorce rate declined. B. the marriage rate increased. C. the birth rate increased. D. both the marriage rate and the birth rate increased. E. All these answers are correct.

A

Marcus Garvey A. encouraged African Americans to reject assimilation into white society. B. argued that America, not Africa, was now the blacks' true home. C. urged African Americans to move out of the South. D. called on African Americans to reject capitalism. E. saw his movement and influence decline in the early 1920s.

A

On the eve of the Great War, the chief rivalry in Europe was between A. Germany and Great Britain. B. Austro-Hungary and Russia. C. Germany and France. D. France and Russia. E. France and Great Britain.

A

The National Origins Act of 1924 A. entirely banned immigration from East Asia to the United States. B. discriminated against northwestern Europeans. C. was designed to alter the sources but not the overall number of immigrants. D. included a quota system for the first time. E. set a rigid limit of 150,000 immigrants a year.

A

Artists and intellectuals in the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s A. sought to create civil disobedience to further racial justice. B. drew heavily from their African heritage. C. included writers Edna Ferber and Ezra Pound. D. both drew heavily from their African heritage and included writers Edna Ferber and Ezra Pound. E. None of these answers is correct.

B

As the Depression deepened, President Herbert Hoover A. encouraged businessmen to reduce their industrial production. B. grew less willing to increase federal spending. C. began to experiment with untried economic principles. D. called for a reduction in taxes. E. stopped worrying about trying to balance the budget.

B

During the 1920s, the greatest sustained support for the Eighteenth Amendment came from A. middle-class progressives. B. rural Protestants. C. urban workers. D. immigrants. E. Catholics.

B

The so-called Zimmerman telegram A. was intercepted by agents working for the United States. B. included a proposal for the return of the American Southwest to Mexico. C. helped weaken public support in the United States for war. D. revealed plans by Germany to expand the use of its submarine fleet. E. revealed that Germans were attempting to foment a race riot in the American South.

B

During the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan A. was largely centered in the South. B. was focused on intimidating African Americans. C. opposed the existing diversity of American society. D. officially renounced the use of violence. E. was a male-only organization.

C

In the 1920s, "behavioral" psychologists argued A. maternal affection was sufficient for successful child-rearing. B. mothers who sent their children to nursery school and kindergarten hurt their development. C. mothers should rely on trained experts for advice in raising children. D. women had an instinctive capacity for being mothers. E. midwives rather than doctors should aid in childbirth, for the emotional health of the child.

C

The United States Selective Service Act A. was enacted during the last months of World War I. B. gave the government, for the first time, the authority to draft citizens for military duty. C. was supported by President Woodrow Wilson. D. drafted far fewer men than those who volunteered for military duty. E. brought nearly 300,000 men into the army.

C

The agricultural economy of the United States during the 1920s saw A. a large decrease in the area of cultivated land. B. demand for farm goods rise faster than production. C. a sharp decline in farmers' incomes. D. farmers oppose using hybrid plants and chemical fertilizers. E. the need for a larger labor supply.

C

After 1929, in the face of the worsening global economic crisis, the United States A. reduced the debts owed by European nations to America. B. forgave the debts owed by European nations to America. C. demanded immediate payment of all debts owed by European nations to America. D. refused to alter the payment schedule of debts owed by European nations to America. E. forgave the debts owed by former allies during the war, and reduced the debts of other nations.

D

During the 1920s, products that grew dramatically in use in the United States included A. synthetic fibers. B. plastics. C. electric-powered home appliances. D. all of the above

D

The first commercial radio station to broadcast in the United States, in 1920, was in A. Cleveland. B. New York City. C. Philadelphia. D. Pittsburgh. E. Chicago.

D

In 1920, Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti A. admitted they were anarchists. B. were convicted of murder. C. drew widespread support from the public. D. both admitted they were anarchists and drew widespread support from the public. E. All these answers are correct.

E

In 1931, the severity of the Depression increased when the Federal Reserve Board A. closed all financially-ailing banks. B. declared bankruptcy. C. weakened the value of the dollar. D. expanded the money supply. E. raised interest rates.

E

In 1932, Franklin Roosevelt's promise of a "new deal" for America included a commitment to A. spend billions of dollars to assist in the economic recovery. B. provide relief jobs to millions of unemployed Americans. C. pass legislation establishing a nationwide program of social security. D. both spend billions of dollars to assist in the economic recovery, and provide relief jobs to millions of unemployed Americans. E. None of these answers is correct.

E

In the 1920s bestseller, The Man Nobody Knows, Jesus Christ was portrayed as A. embodying Republican values. B. a 100% American. C. a capitalist. D. a prophet who would oppose consumerism. E. a salesman.

E

Regarding the Treaty of Versailles, the United States Senate decided in 1919 to A. ratify it without change. B. ratify it after Democrats accepted the Republican "reservations." C. ratify it with the change that the United States would not join the League of Nations. D. ratify it only after Article X was struck from the treaty. E. not ratify it.

E

The immediate cause of war in Europe in 1914 was A. a struggle between European powers for control of the international diamond trade. B. the sinking of the British passenger liner Lusitania. C. the death of Otto von Bismarck in Germany. D. the German invasion of Poland. E. the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

E

The infamous Baltimore journalist of the 1920s who delighted in ridiculing religion, politics, the arts, and even democracy itself, was A. John Dos Passos. B. F. Scott Fitzgerald. C. Sinclair Lewis. D. Thomas Wolfe. E. H. L. Mencken.

E

All of the following figures were at the Paris peace conference in 1919, EXCEPT A. Alexander Kerensky of Russia. B. George Clemenceau of France. C. David Lloyd George of Great Britain. D. Vittorio Orlando of Italy. E. Woodrow Wilson of the United States.

A

During World War I, extensive systems of trenches were used by both sides A. because the destructive power of weapons meant soldiers could not live in the open field. B. because they prevented tanks from reaching the soldiers' positions. C. because soldiers were safer from poisonous mustard gas closer to the ground. D. both because the destructive power of weapons meant soldiers could not live in the open field, and because they prevented tanks from reaching the soldiers' positions. E. None of these answers is correct.

A

During the Great Depression, in the rural United States A. one-third of all farmers lost their land. B. farm income dropped by 25 percent. C. the economic conditions were slightly better than in industrial cities. D. the farm economy could not keep up with consumer demand. E. farmers enjoyed several unusually fertile growing seasons.

A

In 1914, when war erupted in Europe, President Woodrow Wilson A. called on the American public to be completely impartial. B. expressed sympathy for Germany. C. declared that the "Triple Alliance" must be defeated. D. held secret diplomatic meetings with Great Britain. E. brokered separate peace treaties with both sides of the conflict.

A

In 1919, the racial climate in the United States A. worsened in both the North and South. B. worsened in the South but not in the North. C. improved in both the North and South. D. improved in the North but not in the South. E. generally stayed the same as it had been before the war.

A

In January 1917, President Woodrow Wilson, in a speech before Congress, A. suggested the creation of the a league of nations in the postwar period. B. insisted that the nation's financial interests had to be protected from a German victory. C. asked for a declaration of war against Germany. D. said Britain and France could not win the war without the United States. E. argued that entering the war would be a tragic mistake under any circumstances.

A

The "flapper" lifestyle in the 1920s A. had a particular impact on lower middle-class and single women. B. was largely reserved for upper-class women. C. was largely rejected by upper-class women. D. was simply a clothing fad. E. was applauded by most progressive suffragists.

A

The 1931 Scottsboro court case saw A. black teenagers accused of rape by two white women. B. a Georgia jury convict all of the black youths. C. the Supreme Court reaffirm the death penalty convictions. D. eight of the convicted youths executed for crimes they did not commit. E. All these answers are correct.

A

The election of 1920 saw A. voters turn away from idealism and toward "normalcy." B. Warren G. Harding narrowly defeat Al Smith. C. the Democratic Party distance itself from the politics of Woodrow Wilson. D. Republicans maintain their two decades of control of the White House. E. Franklin D. Roosevelt serve as vice president on the Republican ticket.

A

Throughout 1928, the American stock market A. saw the number of shares traded daily soar. B. saw the average price of stocks rise slightly. C. had slowly been declining in value. D. had rapidly been losing in value. E. saw brokerage firms restrict credit to those buying stocks.

A

Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge were similar in A. their passive approach to the presidency. B. ethics. C. their personalities. D. both their personalities and their passive approach to the presidency. E. None of these answers is correct.

A

When President Woodrow Wilson presented the Treaty of Versailles to the Senate, A. the American public clearly supported its ratification. B. most so-called "irreconcilable" senators favored it in principle. C. he was willing to compromise on the language of the treaty but not its major points. D. he found a close ally in Senate Foreign Relations Committee chairman, Henry Cabot Lodge. E. he refused to appeal to the public, believing the treaty should stand on its merits alone.

A

In the 1920s, Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon succeeded in A. cutting taxes on corporate profits and personal incomes. B. eliminating half of the federal debt. C. dramatically trimming the federal budget. D. both eliminating half of the federal debt, and dramatically trimming the federal budget. E. All these answers are correct.

A and B

The federal government's response to the "Bonus Army" included A. the use of six tanks to rout the veterans from Washington. B. General Douglas MacArthur exceeding his orders to remove the veterans. C. the injuring of over 100 marchers. D. both the use of six tanks to rout the veterans from Washington, and the injuring of over 100 marchers. E. All these answers are correct.

A and B

As a result of the Scopes trial of 1925, A. John Scopes was found innocent. B. fundamentalists reduced their participation in political activism. C. the conflict between fundamentalists and modernists subsided. D. anti-evolution laws were repealed in most other states. E. William Jennings Bryan decided to run one more time for president.

B

During World War I, airplanes were used for all the following EXCEPT A. bombing the enemy. B. transporting troops. C. attacking other aircraft. D. reconnaissance. E. "dogfighting."

B

During World War I, the Council of National Defense (CND) eventually organized the national economy by A. geographic regions. B. specific economic sectors. C. the individual needs of each branch of the military. D. local communities. E. time zone.

B

During the 1920s, the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters A. was formed by the American Federation of Labor. B. was one of the few unions led by African Americans. C. organized against sleeping car manufacturer A. Philip Randolph. D. was one of the few unions led by African Americans, and it was formed by the American Federation of Labor. E. None of these answers is correct.

B

During the last eighteen months of Woodrow Wilson's presidency, A. his mental health was stable but his physical health was very poor. B. he was essentially an invalid. C. there was growing public sentiment for Wilson to step down from power. D. his vice president, Thomas Marshall, essentially ran the White House. E. he became more pragmatic and willing to compromise.

B

In the 1920s, "welfare capitalism" A. encouraged employees to form single-industry labor unions. B. was a paternalistic approach used by corporate leaders on their workers. C. gave workers a measure of control over their industry. D. required corporations to provide some relief for unemployed workers. E. forced workers to donate much of their salaries to the less fortunate.

B

In the 1930s, Dale Carnegie's How to Win Friends and Influence People A. claimed community togetherness was the best way to combat hard times. B. argued the best way to end the Depression was for working-class men and women to run for office. C. asserted that a strong faith in Christianity would best help one through hard times. D. gave financial advice and offered tips when going to a job interview. E. taught that individual initiative could help people to restore themselves financially.

B

President Woodrow Wilson's "Fourteen Points" included A. a ban on the production of armaments. B. an end to secret treaties. C. an international agreement to "outlaw war." D. the division of postwar Germany into two countries. E. recognition of independence for all imperial colonies.

B

Prior to 1932, Franklin Roosevelt had been all of the following EXCEPT A. assistant secretary of the Navy. B. vice president of the United States. C. governor of New York. D. a state legislator. E. a Hudson Valley aristocrat.

B

Between his election in 1932 and the inauguration in 1933, Franklin Roosevelt A. declared he would dramatically increase government spending. B. promised to maintain a balanced federal budget. C. made no public statements. D. refused to make any agreements with the outgoing president, Herbert Hoover. E. began laying the groundwork for his social security legislation.

D

During the 1930s, regarding radio, A. the largest proportion of programming was devoted to news. B. most programs were increasingly prerecorded. C. around half of all American homes owned a radio. D. listening was often a community experience. E. radio sets were basically unusable in rural areas without electricity.

D

Immediately following World War I, the American economy A. saw prices plunge. B. fell into a protracted recession. C. was marked by a continuing labor shortage. D. boomed for many months. E. fell into a deflationary spiral.

D

In 1914, the "Triple Entente" consisted of A. Italy, France, and Russia. B. Great Britain, France, and the United States. C. Germany, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Italy. D. Great Britain, France, and Russia. E. Germany, Italy, and Japan.

D

In 1919, President Woodrow Wilson believed the Paris peace conference treaty A. should have placed large reparations on the defeated Central Powers. B. agreed with most of his Fourteen Points. C. had ended colonialism. D. was a success because of the acceptance of the League of Nations. E. was a complete and utter failure.

D

In World War I, the American Expeditionary Force was commanded by A. George Marshall. B. Arthur MacArthur. C. George Patton. D. John Pershing. E. Leonard Wood.

D

In his 1925 novel, The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald A. glorified wealthy Americans as examples of the "success ethic." B. ridiculed the hypocritical behavior of some in evangelical religion. C. satirized the inequalities in American politics. D. criticized the American obsession with material wealth. E. dramatized the plight of Midwestern farmers.

D

Most American industrial workers during the 1920s experienced all of the following EXCEPT A. a rise in their standard of living. B. income levels at the "minimum comfort level." C. little control over their economic interests. D. few opportunities to join a company union. E. employers trying to keep their labor costs low.

D

The Sabotage Act and the Sedition Act of 1918 A. eliminated jury trials for anyone charged under these laws. B. were most frequently directed at German Americans. C. were created after the Supreme Court invalidated the Espionage Act of 1917. D. made illegal any public expression opposing the war. E. were rarely if ever enforced by the Wilson administration.

D

Throughout the 1920s, the federal government A. isolated itself from the business community. B. supported the right of workers to organize as unions. C. experienced a decrease in its budget yet an increase in its debt. D. saw leaders of business take prominent positions in the federal government. E. saw an increase in the budget and the national debt.

D

Throughout the 1920s, the performance of the United States economy A. saw ten straight years of continuous growth. B. struggled with a persistent high rate of inflation. C. saw per capita income flatten while manufacturing output soared. D. saw nearly uninterrupted prosperity coupled with severe inequalities. E. experienced a severe recession in 1923 that lasted two years.

D

During the 1920s, birth control in the United States A. was limited to physical methods such as abstinence and withdrawal. B. included legal abortion in most states. C. was strongly opposed by moralists such as Margaret Sanger. D. was among the major causes of poverty and distress in poor communities. E. was illegal in many states.

E

In 1919, the Red Scare in the United States A. led to government raids that uncovered large caches of weapons. B. saw more than 6,000 people deported from the country. C. saw the arrest of several major government figures. D. was generally opposed by universities and other academic institutions. E. was partly motivated by a series of bombings.

E

In the early twentieth century, the United States' actions toward Mexico included A. encouraging an overthrow of the Madero government. B. a refusal to formally recognize the Huerta government. C. sending an American expeditionary force across the border into Mexico. D. both encouraging an overthrow of the Madero government and refusing to formally recognize the Huerta government. E. All these answers are correct.

E

In the election of 1916, supporters of Woodrow Wilson A. helped the president easily beat his Republican opponent. B. called his Republican opponent a pacifist who would not act to save England. C. felt betrayed when the president stated that the nation's entrance into the war was inevitable. D. were anxious for the president to declare war before election day. E. claimed his Republican opponent would lead the nation into war.

E