hlth 250 quizzes

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Approximately what percentage of Americans age 25 to 34 have no health insurance?

16 percent

The common name for a myocardial infarction is

a heart attack

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to tumors?

a malignant tumor can invade surrounding tissue, produce mutant cells, and metastasize

The conventional health care delivered in the United States is known as

allopathic medicine

The minimum amount of energy the body uses to maintain vital functions is known as the

basal metabolic rate

You have learned how to intentionally slow your heart rate to calm yourself during an exam. Which method are you using to manage stress?

biofeedback

A disease that begins slowly, progresses over a period of time, and may resist treatment is a(n)

chronic disease

When bacteria establish themselves in or on a host without causing an infection, this is known as

colonization

Foods consumed to meet emotional needs or reduce emotional insecurities are called

comfort foods

During pregnancy, a woman could increase her folic acid intake by eating

dark leafy greens, citrus fruits, and beans

STI pathogens prefer

darkness and moisture

The implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube, is called

ectopic pregnancy

All spermicides are effective in preventing sexually transmitted infections.

false

HIV can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex.

false

Most adults need only 5 to 6 hours of sleep per night, provided it is high-quality sleep.

false

Oral sex carries no risk for STIs

false

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) occurs in both males and females as a result of certain STIs.

false

Psychological dependence, which involves feelings of well-being or euphoria, is completely separate from physiological dependence on a substance.

false

The labels of over-the-counter medications are not required to identify the purpose of the drug or the active ingredient.

false

Which is NOT a good source of folate?

fish

Effective health promotion programs

focus on encouraging behaviors known to support good health

Breast-fed infants

have a decreased incidence of illness

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by

high blood glucose

The surgical procedure that involves removal of the uterus is a(n)

hysterectomy

To manage stress, the first step is to

identify and assess the stressors in your life

Which strategy is used by many athletes to visualize the attainment of goals?

imagined rehearsal

Two weeks ago your nephew came down with the chickenpox while visiting. Now you have itchy, crusted spots on your arms and you feel terrible. You probably were infected with the chickenpox virus when your nephew was there but did not get sick until now because of the

incubation period

Which of the following is NOT true of methamphetamine?

it takes a long-term use to develop tolerance

In a state of diabetic ketoacidosis,

levels of acidic molecules in the blood rise dangerously high

The expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such as at birth, is known as

life expectancy

Patrick is going to begin chemotherapy to treat a type of lymphoma. Which of the following side effects is he most likely to experience?

nausea, fatigue, and hair loss

You want to decrease your risk of developing an infectious disease. Which of the following factors is within your individual control?

nutritional status

Cultural beliefs that can be considered societal causes of violence include

objectifying women

Which of the following is a leading cause of disability affecting the extremities, especially in Americans over the age of 65?

peripheral artery disease

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for colorectal cancer?

regular exercise

Conditions that increase the risk for developing type 2 diabetes include all of the following EXCEPT

regular exercise and a healthy diet

The sleep disorder in which a person experiences unpleasant sensations in the legs and an uncontrollable urge to move to relieve the sensations is

restless legs syndrome

Substances designed to kill sperm are known as

spermicides

Liposuction is used to

spot reduce or contour body shape

Which of the following statements regarding stress and hair loss is NOT true?

stress-induced hair loss occurs when colonies of hair are pushed into an active phase

Which of the following is TRUE about major depression?

symptoms include feeling hopeless and difficulty concentrating

Which of the following is TRUE about teratogenic effects?

these effects can be caused by environmental chemical exposure

Exercise addicts turn to exercise in an attempt to meet needs for nurturance, self-esteem, etc.

true

In the United States, there are huge disparities in crime rates based on sex, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity.

true

Two high-risk behaviors associated with the development of HIV/AIDS are having unprotected sex and sharing needles.

true

Women who are ill are at greater than average risk of marital rape.

true

All of the following are basic mindfulness skills EXCEPT

tuning out a noisy student in the library

Chelsea occasionally takes aspirin to relieve a headache. Chelsea is

using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug

Taking responsibility for your health care includes all of the following EXCEPT

using over-the-counter medications to treat a sudden, serious illness

All of the following are techniques used in the Chinese art of feng shui EXCEPT

using sheer curtains that let in as much light as possible

Which of the following components of an exercise session prepares the body physically and mentally?

warm-up

Which of the following nutrients is the major component of blood?

water

Which of the following situations might contribute to impaired immune function?

your grandmother moves in with your family after being hospitalized due to a stroke

Which of the following characteristics would be consistent with a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in an adult female?

blood pressure 155/90

How can you eat well and save money when living as a student on a tight budget?

buy and eat fruit and vegetables when they are in season

Going out for dinner at your favorite restaurant as a reward for finishing a big project is an example of a

consumable reinforcer

Which of the following lubricants is safe to use with a condom?

contraceptive foam

Managed care is based on

coordination of health care

Research links climate change to increased rates of vector-borne infectious disease

correct

Which blood pressure measurement is the lower number that represents the amount of pressure on arterial walls when the heart relaxes?

diastolic

Over-the-counter weight loss aids and supplements typically contain

diuretics

One problem with the BMI measurement is that it

does not account for varying levels of muscle mass

When drugs activate the brain's pleasure circuit, what neurotransmitter is involved?

dopamine

The leading cause of accidental death in the United States is

drug overdose

The body naturally experiences an increased metabolic rate

during pregnancy

Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption?

easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants

As a student seeking a healthy diet, which of the following tips is NOT recommended when eating fast food?

eat salads and add all available food options

Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called

empty calories

Violence directed at others and based on prejudice and discrimination is

ethnoviolence

Which of the following is TRUE of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

failure to meet a lower-level need will interfere with fulfilling higher-level needs

A locavore is someone who makes a point of eating out in his or her own neighborhood.

false

A periodontist is a dentist who specializes in alignment of the teeth.

false

An alcoholic beverage that is 80 proof would be 20 percent alcohol by volume.

false

An optometrist holds a medical degree and can perform eye surgery.

false

Atheists cannot effectively practice mindfulness.

false

Cigarettes made with ground cloves deliver lower levels of tar and carbon monoxide than regular cigarettes.

false

Depressants speed up neuromuscular activity and can increase focus and alertness.

false

Dietary supplements containing ephedra have dangerous side effects, but are effective in helping people lose weight and keep it off.

false

Emotional health is the same as intellectual health.

false

Experts advise that, if you are approached by a potential assailant, you should not make eye contact

false

If a woman has a urinary tract infection and takes a pregnancy test, a false positive may result.

false

In a stress test, a patient receives an injection of a stimulant, and an ECG records the heart's response to the drug.

false

In the United States, help is available for anyone who truly wants to overcome an addiction.

false

No valid research exists on the effects of massage therapy on mental health.

false

Substance abuse decreases the risk of both homicide and suicide.

false

The United States has the third highest life expectancy of any country in the world.

false

The primary reason for the decline in C. difficile infections is more widespread use of antibiotics.

false

The wellness continuum ranges from a low point of beginning to experience some type of symptom to a high point of optimal health and well-being.

false

According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, when planning meals, we should focus on all of the following EXCEPT

functionality

Which of the following factors influences a person's sleep needs?

gender

Howard is 88 years old and in excellent health. All his life, he has thrived on just 5 hours of sleep a night. The most likely explanation for Howard's good health despite his lifelong short sleep habit is that he

has a genetic variant affecting his circadian rhythm

An effective way to protect yourself from STIs is to

have sex only with a partner who has tested negative for STIs

All of the following are true with respect to generic drugs EXCEPT that they

have the same inactive ingredients as their brand name counterpart

In the United States, the 5-year survival rate for cancer overall is currently

higher for whites than for blacks

The physiological state in which all body systems are in balance and functioning normally is

homeostasis

John underwent a body composition test that involved being submerged to compare his underwater weight with land weight to determine his level of body fat. This method of assessment is known as a

hydrostatic weighing

A condition in which a person has an excessive number of fat cells is

hyperplastic obesity

Two hours in to a six-hour hike on a cool fall day, it begins to rain. Helena has no rain jacket or poncho, and is wearing only lightweight clothing. Helena is at increased risk for

hypothermia

Healthy People 2020 is a plan designed to

improve the quality of life and years of life for all Americans

Some researchers believe that chronic sleep deficiencies can

increase the risk for type 2 diabetes

Exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease by all of the following EXCEPT

increasing LDL levels

Which hormone is required by the body's cells for the uptake of glucose?

insulin

The six dimensions of health

interact continuously

After Willie was bitten by a rabid dog, his physician administered postexposure rabies treatment. The mode of disease transmission in this case is best described as

interspecies zoonotic transmission

Originally health insurance covered only hospital expenses. This coverage was then expanded to physician services and medications and other treatments. What effect did this type of coverage have on the medical system?

it encouraged doctors to provide more medical procedures for patients

Which statement BEST summarizes what happens when particulate matter condenses in the lungs?

it forms tar, which is a thick, brownish sludge

Which of the following is TRUE about reactive aggression?

it is most often an emotional reaction to frustrating life experiences

At the end of each day, Anne writes down five positive affirmations about herself to block out any negative thoughts. Anne is demonstrating

learned optimism

Due to the differences in training, an osteopathic physician would probably have more experience dealing with which condition than a medical doctor?

low back pain

Regular physical activity has been linked to all of the following EXCEPT

lower life expectancy

Which of the following plays a major role in the cell-mediated immune response?

lymphocytes

Which health model views treating disease through medications and surgery as the surest way to improve health?

medical model

The federally funded health insurance program that covers 99 percent of the U.S. population age 65 and older is

medicare

The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome include

mental retardation

A biopsy reveals that a woman who has had breast cancer now has cancer in her bones. The process of cancer spreading from one organ or body area to others is

metastasis

Most commonly, a person diagnosed with social anxiety disorder has a fear of

public events and gatherings

Which of the following is an example of a SMART goal?

reduce my weekend alcohol consumption from 4 or more drinks per night to no more than 3 drinks per night

Having unprotected sex is considered a Having unprotected sex is considered a

risk behavior

Your friend confides that her coworker is always making sexually explicit comments to her and telling lewd jokes. You explain to her that this is

sexual harassment

General pain that occurs below the knee and above the ankle is called

shin splints

Jeannette is 82-years old, but participates in balance training that reduces her risk of falls. This balance training increases what component of Jeannette's physical fitness?

skill-related fitness

The sleep disorder in which breathing is interrupted many times during sleep is

sleep apnea

When a pregnant woman's water breaks, what is actually happening is that

the amniotic sac breaks

The transition stage of birth is characterized by

the baby's head moving into the birth canal

Which of the following statements about the common cold is true?

the common cold is endemic in the United States

If caught early, the prognosis for colon cancer is good because

the disease progresses slowly

A fetus is the term used to describe a conception as of

the third month of pregnancy

People with an internal locus of control believe that events turn out as they do based on

their own actions

A dysfunctional family is defined as a family in which

there is violence; physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; significant discord; or other negative family interactions

Which of the following is TRUE about panic attacks?

they can lead to social isolation

All of the following are true about viruses EXCEPT

they can reproduce outside of cells

Psychoactive drugs have which type of effect on the body?

they enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters

Risk for developing lung cancer varies among smokers due to all of the following EXCEPT

tolerance to nicotine

Leaving a diaphragm, tampon, or cervical cap in for an extended period of time increases the risk for

toxic shock syndrome

Using a nicotine patch for smoking cessation is an example of which route of administration?

transdermal

Emotions or situations that cause a person to make unhealthy eating choices are

triggers

Which diagnostic procedure is a maternal blood test that can detect the potential for a birth defect or genetic abnormality?

triple marker screen

A diabetic who has gastric bypass surgery may eliminate the symptoms of diabetes.

true

About one-third of people who undergo gastric weight-loss surgery with remission of diabetic symptoms relapse within five years.

true

An aneurysm in the brain can cause a stroke

true

Commutes of 3 to 5 miles are usually as fast by bike as they are by car.

true

Contraceptive implants are more effective at preventing pregnancy than oral contraceptives.

true

Health insurance is based on the idea that policyholders pay affordable premiums so they never have to face catastrophic medical bills.

true

In the PERMA acronym, the letter M stands for meaning.

true

Marijuana use may forestall the loss of lean muscle mass associated with AIDS.

true

Medical abortion performed early in the pregnancy is over 99% effective

true

More than 25 million people in Africa are infected with HIV.

true

Overseas adoptions can cost $20,000 or more.

true

Psychologically healthy people take time to enjoy and appreciate their surroundings.

true

Regular self-care should include learning about health from reliable health care publications, including websites.

true

Social factors, biology and genetics, individual behavior, health services, and policymaking all combine to determine a person's health status.

true

Some intrauterine contraceptives release small amounts of hormones.

true

Stress can have positive health effects.

true

The data on the Facts Up Front panel on a food package is derived from the product's Nutrition Facts label.

true

There is a strong association between abuse of pets and abuse of family members.

true

Your risk of becoming obese increases by at least one-third if your partner, spouse, sibling, or close friend is obese.

true

In which form of diabetes does the immune system destroy the body's insulin-producing cells?

type 1 diabetes

Which of the following procedures performed during pregnancy can determine the size and position of the fetus and detect birth defects in the nervous and digestive systems?

ultrasound

Cassie is morbidly obese, and is now following a medically supervised diet on which she consumes 500 calories a day in the form of a powdered supplement. What kind of diet is Cassie following?

very-low-calorie diet

Insomnia is often characterized by

waking up frequently during the night

Which of the following is an essential prerequisite for changing a behavior?

wanting to change

The positive aspects of a person's life, such being satisfied with life in general and having positive emotions, determines one's sense of

well-being

Jo has been seeing a stress-management counselor since she moved to a new city to attend college. Which of the following is the most likely recommendation of the counselor?

work to maintain healthy relationships with family members and old friends, while also cultivating new sources of social support

River has been on and off four different diets in the past year, losing and then regaining weight. She now weighs more than she did when she began dieting a year ago. River is engaging in

yo-yo dieting

High blood levels of this type of cholesterol appear to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, or cholesterol-clogged arteries.

HDL

By the year 2025, approximately what percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) will the United States be spending on health care?

20 percent

Kevin wants to lose 5 pounds of fat. He finds it difficult to cut back on his eating, so he decides that he will walk an hour each day to burn more calories. How many extra calories must he expend to lose a pound of fat?

3,500

In a 2016 survey, what percentage of college students said they had no health insurance?

3.4 percent

Approximately what percentage of Americans consume alcoholic beverages regularly?

50 percent

According to a major U.S. consensus statement, most adults should get how many hours of sleep per night for optimal health?

7 or more

What percentage of fruits and vegetables is water?

80 to 95 percent

An NIAAA approach to reducing alcohol consumption on campus is

Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students

Which of the following is an FDA-approved prescription weight loss drug?

Contrave

When an individual's body increases its metabolic rate to compensate for an increased food intake, this is the process known as

adaptive thermogenesis

The human heart is about the size of a(n)

adult's fist

Which of the following is TRUE about steroids?

adverse effects include mood swings, elevated cholesterol levels, acne, and hypertension

Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with diabetes?

agitation and excessive energy

Which of the following statements about road safety is true?

alcohol plays a significant role in bicycle fatalities

Long-term alcohol abusers can develop a chronic and dangerous inflammation of the liver known as

alcoholic hepatitis

Which of the following statements about child sexual abuse in the United States is true?

an estimated one in four girls and one in six boys is sexually abused before age 18

Which type of immunity occurs when antibodies develop in response to a vaccine?

artificially acquired active immunity

Which of the following statements about the role of gender in sleep is true?

as compared to women, men are less likely to seek help for sleep disorders

The term defensive medicine refers to actions taken to

avoid malpractice claims

Manuela joined a group exercise class. Her instructor, who was formerly inactive and overweight, participates with the class and also shares personal fitness strategies. In class, Manuela tries to emulate her instructor's moves, and she has also become more physically active as part of her daily routine. Which technique is Manuela using to reach her goal of becoming more fit?

modeling

The amount of force that a muscle is capable of exerting is referred to as

muscular strength

Which of the following statements is NOT true about costs in the U.S. health care system?

new technologies are lowering costs

Which of the following populations in the United States has the highest prevalence of overweight or obesity?

non-Hispanic black women

Luke plays football. His team physician calculated his BMI as 24. Luke is

normal weight

While hospitalized for severe malnutrition and a debilitating respiratory infection, an elderly patient developed a urinary tract infection. This is an example of a(n)

opportunistic infection

Which of the following is NOT an example of a barrier method of birth control?

oral contraceptives

Stress caused by not being able to accomplish all tasks and obligations in the time available is known as

overload

In a fitness program, lifting an amount of weight that is moderately greater than what you are accustomed to is an example of

overloading

The data on the Facts Up Front panel on a food package is derived from the product's Nutrition Facts label.

phytochemicals

Gene occasionally has difficulty falling asleep but has never been diagnosed with a sleep disorder. Which strategy can he use to help him fall asleep faster?

practicing deep breathing or meditation before bedtime

Mindy wants to lose weight. The fact that her parents engage in regular exercise is a(n)

predisposing factor

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that prescription drug abuse is so common?

prescription drugs have few side effects

One way the ACA is intended to improve the quality of health care is by emphasizing

preventative care

If you have moved to a new town and want to find a provider you can see for annual wellness exams and the treatment of routine ailments, you are seeking a(n)

primary care practitioner

A self-replicating protein-based agent that is thought to cause mad cow disease is a type of

prion

Trichomoniasis is which type of infection?

protozan


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