HLTH 325: Chapter 1

The lead agency, institution, or unit must have the _____________ necessary to organize and maintain the coalition. If not, the coalition may not work.

resources

When is a coalition is formed?

when groups come together to work toward common goals and objectives -They are often used in community health promotion planning and implementation.

2. Epidemiological Assessment

measures, e.g., morbidity, mortality, disability, incidence, prevalence, etc.

What are some Common barriers to forming a coalition that works include?

-"turf is-sues" among groups that perceive themselves as having overlapping missions -previously failed coalitions or other experiences of poor working relationships among groups; dominant individuals, usually professionals, who control discussions and prohibit true participation by the nonprofessional members of the coalition -lack of funding or lack of flexibility in funding; lack of leadership hidden agendas of some organizations or individual members -potentially complicated decision-making processes

What is MAPP?

-6 Phases -Built upon APEXPH -Three working groups are formed -Centered on four types of assessment which lead to a shared vision

5. Administrative and Policy Assessment

-Assess the resources that you have and that you need -Resources include budget, policies and other organizational issues that have to be addressed before implementing the program -Develop organizational and resource objectives

3. Behavioral and Environmental Assessment

-Behaviors causing/contributing to the health problem -Non-Behavioral factors, e.g., genetics, age, gender, environment, etc. -Rate factors re. importance and changeability -Then develop Behavioral Objectives and environmental objectives that may be addressed through community action -Purpose: To identify behavioral and environmental factors linked to the health problems

What is the second part of APEXPH?

-Community Process -Includes the creation of an advisory committee that collects community health data and statistics and community member perception data -Prioritization process for identifying the most pressing community health problems -Creating an inventory of community health resources -Develop a community health action plan

What are the four type pf assessment of MAPP?

-Community Themes & Strengths Assessment -Local Public Health System Assessment -Community Health Status Assessment -Forces of Change Assessment

What are the Three working groups of MAPP?

-Core support team -MAPP Committee -Community

Why conduct a needs assessment?

-Gets the target population involved in the assessment process -Provides support ($) for a specific need -Provides information about how a program will need to be planned -Sets baseline for program evaluation -Helps identify program goals and objectives -Achieves the goals of the health education profession

4. Educational and Ecological Assessment

-Identifies three sets of influencing factors: -Predisposing factors (antecedent; impact motivation) e.g., knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, values -Enabling factors (antecedent; facilitators and barriers) e.g., skills, accessibility, availability, affordability -Reinforcing factors (subsequent) e.g., support, reward, incentives, disincentives, feedback from peers, family, health care provider, etc.

What is the first part of APEXPH?

-Organizational capacity assessment (self assessment) -Seven stages -Includes preparing for the assessment, scoring indicators for importance, identifying strengths and weaknesses, analyzing strengths and weaknesses, prioritizing -Organizational action plan for correcting weaknesses

What are the 6 phases of MAPP?

-Phase 1: Organizing for Success and Partnership Development (Assessment of if MAPP can be done) -Phase 2: Visioning -Phase 3: Four MAPP Assessments -Phase 4: Identify Strategic Issues (Prioritized list of the most important issues facing the health of the community) -Phase 5: Formulate Goals and Strategies -Phase 6: The Action Cycle (focus on implementation details, evaluation plans, dissemination plans)

Are the reported needs actual or perceived?

-True needs are hard to identify and measure because the constantly change -Perceived needs are important because they represent the experiences and perceptions of the individuals or groups involved

What do Coalition and partnership benefits include?

-establishing trust -empowering participants -reducing duplication of services and programs -ensuring accountability -strengthening social connections -social capital

What are advisory boards?

-groups of individuals that represent, at the very least, stakeholders and members of the target population. -are common in school buildings and school districts, as well as at worksites and health care facilities. -They may also have names such as school council or wellness committee.

What are the important benefits to organizing a coalition for needs assessment and program planning?

-pooling resources -decreasing unnecessary duplication of efforts -increasing efficiency in program delivery, including and integrating diverse perspectives in the planning process -increasing political clout -improving the ability to gain access to hard-to-reach population -creating greater credibility than an individual institution can have

What does The American Association for Health Education (AAHE) terminology document defines health educators as?

-those specifically trained to use appropriate educational strategies and methods to facilitate the development of policies, procedures, interventions, and systems conducive to the health of individuals, groups, and communities

What is The Role Delineation Project of the 1970s?

-was the first systematic attempt to define the uniqueness of the professional health educator. -it resulted in the recognition of the re-sponsibility areas and competencies that define a health educator.

What should the process of building an effective coalition include?

1. Analyzing the objectives of the coalition to determine whether to form one 2. Recruiting the right people 3. Coming up with a set of preliminary objectives and activities for the coalition, so its members will know what is involved 4. Convening the coalition 5. Anticipating the necessary resources 6. Defining and working toward the elements of a successful coalition for your circumstances 7. Maintaining the viability of the coalition through active management 8. Evaluating the coalition and making improvements where necessary

What are the 9 steps the World Health Organization (WHO) suggests for conducting a needs assessment?

1. Decide when to conduct the needs assessment. 2. Review available sources of information to decide what information has to be collected and what is already available. 3. Decide how to collect the information. 4. Develop an action plan that includes cost estimates and approximate time frames. 5. Identify and train the assessment team. 6. Collect information and data. 7. Analyze information and data. 8. Interpret analysis to identify priority needs and possible intervention strategies and resources. 9. Report on the outcome of the needs assessment to all stakeholders.

What is the Needs Assessment Process?

1. Decide when will the needs assessment be done? 2. Review available information and decide what needs to be collected and what has already been collected 3. Decide how to collect the information 4. Develop an action plan that includes cost estimates and timeframes 5. Identify and train the assessment team 6. Collect data 7. Analyze the data 8. Interpret the results of the analysis to identify priority needs and potential intervention strategies and resources 9. Report/disseminate the results to stakeholders

What are the steps of The PRECEDE-PROCEED Planning Model for Health Promotion Programs?

1. Social Assessment 2. Epidemiological Assessment 3. Behavioral and Environmental Assessment 4. Educational and Ecological Assessment 5. Administrative and Policy Assessment 6. Implementation --- Evaluation 7. Process Evaluation 8. Impact Evaluation 9. Outcome Evaluation

What is a Needs Assessment?

A planned process that identifies the reported needs of an individual or a group

What does APEXPH stand for?

Assessment Protocol for Excellence in Public Health

What does MAPP stand for?

Mobilizing for Action Through Planning and Partnership

What is the third part of APEXPH?

Creating a description of how the organizational action plan and the community health plan are monitored and evaluated

What is APEXPH?

Designed to provide guidance for local health departments in conducting community and organizational self-assessments, planning improvements, and conducting evaluations -3 parts

Who was APEXPH developed by?

Developed by the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO)

Who was MAPP developed by?

Developed by the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO)

What 2 steps of the Precede-Proceed model = needs assessment?

Step 1: Social Assessment plus Step 2: Epidemiological Assessment

What is a Need?

The difference between the present situation and a more desirable one

1. Social Assessment

measures address the quality of life for the group (include, e.g., unemployment, days lost from work or school, etc.)