HLTH231 Chapter 2

Which of the following is TRUE of Maslow's hierarchy of needs? - Failure to meet a lower-level need will interfere with fulfilling higher-level needs. -Social needs are the most basic and essential needs. -Esteem needs are more basic than survival needs. -A self-actualized person has met basic needs but has not fully reached his or her potential.

Failure to meet a lower-level need will interfere with fulfilling higher-level needs.

Which of the following is TRUE about persistent depressive disorder? -It is linked with a specific genetic variant. -It is a version of bipolar disorder. -It is a mild but chronic form of depression. -It affects more people than major depression.

It is a mild but chronic form of depression

Which of the following is TRUE about positive psychology? -It described mental health as the absence of negative feelings. -It is the scientific study of the interactions between happiness and immunity. -It was founded by psychologists Peter Salavey and John Mayer. -Its interventions have proven effective in reducing disability and increasing longevity.

Its interventions have proven effective in reducing disability and increasing longetivity

Which of the following statements about self-esteem is FALSE? -Some research suggests that it may be possible to have too much self-esteem. -Learning to lose can be valuable in developing a realistic sense of self-esteem. -Protecting children from failure may boost their ability to persist in the face of difficulties. -Self-efficacy and self-esteem are not synonyms.

Protecting children from failure may boost their ability to persist in the face of difficulties.

Which of the following is an example of a SMART goal? -Reduce my weekend alcohol consumption from 6 or more drinks per night to 1 drink per night. -Stop drinking alcohol. -Reduce my weekend alcohol consumption from 4 or more drinks per night to no more than 3 drinks per night. -Drink less alcohol.

Reduce my weekend alcohol consumption from 4 or more drinks per night to no more than 3 drinks per night

Which of the following statements about schizophrenia is TRUE? -Schizophrenia can be treated but not cured. -Symptoms most commonly appear in early childhood. -Schizophrenia is a mental illness with biological origins. -Schizophrenia is caused by childhood trauma.

Schizophrenia is a mental illness with biological origins.

Which of the following is TRUE about panic attacks? -About 2 percent of college students report having been diagnosed or treated for panic attacks. -They typically last for 5 to 10 minutes. -They typically come on gradually. -They can lead to social isolation.

They can lead to social isolation

Alicia has been experiencing persistent sadness, despair, and hopelessness. She is displaying symptoms of

a chronic mood disorder

loneliness is

a risk factor for depression and substance abuse

Missy is motivated to lose weight. She has begun taking a 30-minute walk every morning, has worked with a nutrition counselor to design a new diet, and on Monday will begin following new eating plan. According to the transtheoretical model of behavior change, Missy is in a stage of

action

Suicide prevention techniques include

asking directly if the person intends to hurt himself or herself.

Research suggests that anxiety disorders

can develop as a learned response to a recurrent stress-inducing situation

Warning signs of suicide include all of the following EXCEPT -compulsion to repeatedly perform rituals. -giving away prized possessions. -unexplained demonstration of happiness following a period of depression. -preoccupation with themes of death.

compulsion to repeatedly perform rituals

Warren often has difficulty writing sentences with the words in the correct order. Warrenn may have a learning disorder known as

dysgraphia

intense feelings or patterns of feelings that people experience are

emotions

The personality trait that involves the ability to adapt to a social situation and demonstrate assertiveness is known as

extroversion

Psychologically healthy people

feel comfortable interacting with others

A collective term for several positive states in which individuals actively embrace the world around them is

happiness

Overall, the leading cause of death for Americans is

heart disease

The science of epigenetics studies

how behavioral choices influence our cells' ability to use genes

Studies associate mindfulness with

improvements in memory

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to attention-deficit (hyperactivity) disorder (ADD/ADHD)? -It tends to disrupt relationships. -It is classified as an impairment in brain development. -It causes people to be very organized. -It is only diagnosed in children.

it tends to disrupt relationships

People who have experienced repeated failures may develop a pattern of response in which they give up and fail to take any positive action. This is called

learned helplessness

A mentally healthy student who gets a bad grade on an exam would respond by

learning from the situation and improving study habits.

After breaking up with his girlfriend, Lucas has been unable to move on. He is afraid of rejection and doesn't think that women find him attractive. He is probably suffering from

low self-esteem

Keisha has a negative attitude about life and puts herself down all the time. Keisha is displaying

low self-esteem

Which health model views treating disease through medications and surgery as the surest way to improve health?

medical model

Treatment for schizophrenia includes hospitalization and a combination of

medication and pscyhotherapy

The general term for a disorder that disrupts thoughts, feelings, moods, and behavior to the extent that it impairs functioning in daily life is

mental illness

A sedentary lifestyle, overuse of caffeine, and risky sexual practices are examples of

modifiable determinants of health

The five-factor model classifies curiosity, independence, and imagination as

openness

Which of the following statements about suicide is true? - Globally, the highest rates of suicide are among people age 15 to 24. -People are at increased risk for suicide if they identify as LGBT. -Globally, about as many men as women commit suicide. -College students are at higher risk of suicide than people of the same age who are not in college.

people are at increased risk of suicide if they identify as LGBT

the dimension of physical health encompasses the ability to

perform activities of daily living

A type of mental illness that involves inflexible patterns of thought that, in many cases, lead to socially distressing behavior is a(n)

personality disorder

Paulo cannot recall a time when he did not feel terrified of spiders. He could be experiencing a(n)

phobia

To successfully change a behavior, a person must recognize that change is a(n)

process that occurs in stages

Jake is being treated for depression by a medical doctor who provides talk therapy and has also prescribed medication for his condition. Which type of mental health professional is Jake seeing?

psychiatrist

A term used to encompass mental, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of health is

psychological

Most commonly, a person diagnosed with social anxiety disorder has a fear of

public events and gatherings

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is associated with

reduced exposure to sunlight

A psychologically healthy person is

resilient

Changing your seat in class to one closer to the front to help change your habit of napping during the lecture is an example of

situational inducement

Lisa has a strong sense of purpose and meaning to her life. Lisa is demonstrating

spiritual health

Which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to performing well academically?

stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties

Marie's parents have given her money for a down payment on a new car; they are providing her with

tangible support

spiritually healthy people believe

that they are part of a something larger than the purely physical or personal dimensions of existence

Anxiety disorders are

the most common mental health problem in the US

A dysfunctional family is defined as a family in which

there is violence; physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; significant discord; or other negative family interactions.

psychological health is best described as encompassing

thinking, feeling, relating, and being

All of the following are common side effects of psychotropic drugs EXCEPT -sexual dysfunction. -headaches. - weight loss. -nausea.

weight loss