Homework/Quiz 12

Which of the following are chordates?

*All of the above are chordates. Fish; Frogs; Humans

All species are either ______ or _______.

1) in a phylum; not in a phylum 2) higher; lower 3) endangered; threatened *) extant; extinct 5) vertebrates; anthropods

Species with backbones represent about ____ of the total species in the animal kingdom.

4%

Which of the following statements about animal nervous systems is CORRECT?

All taxonomic groups of animals have nervous systems EXCEPT sponges.

Which of the following is FALSE?

Animals are not all descended

In what order do the following taxa appear in the fossil record?

Invertebrates, fish, land plants, amphibians.

Why is the amniotic egg considered a key evolutionary innovation?

It greatly increases the survival probabilities of eggs in a terrestrial environment

Some general evolutionary change trends in animals include:

Larger body size, bilateral symmetry, and an enclosed, fluild-filled body cavity.

Marsupials, together with one of the following groups, combine to make a monophyletic assemblage?

Placental mammals

Which animal phylum lacks true tissue?

Porifera (sponges).

The bat's wing is NOT homologous to which of the following?

The dragonfly's wing.

Which came first, the chicken or the egg?

The egg, because the amniotic egg evolved way before the first bird.

Which of the following is NOT a reptile?

Toad

Which of the following is NOT correct about all animals?

all have true tissues

All animals:

are heterotrophic, share a common ancestor

Lampreys and hagfishes:

are the only extant jawless vertebrates

Echinoderm larvae are ________, while echinoderm adults are ____________.

bilaterally symmetrical; radially symmetrical.

Three major differences between humans and chimpanzees are that humans are bipedal, have a larger brain, and a larger body. Which of these characteristics evolved first?

bipedality

In terms of their adaption to living on land, how are reptiles similar to the seed plants?

both c) and d) are correct. seed plants and reptiles have developed structures such as cuticles and impermeable skin to minimize desiccation; reptiles and seed plants have developed structures that house their gametes and protect them from the surrounding environment.

Sharks have ________ skeletons, while salmon have ________ skeletons.

cartilaginous; bony

Birds are most closely related to:

crocodiles

The two most important evolutionary innovations in vertebrates, which resulted in their eventual domination of the large animal niches, were:

evolution of jaws and amniotic eggs

Two important features that distinguish mammals from any other type of animal are:

hair and mammary glands

Most species of animals are:

invertebrates

Which of the following series of events correctly describes the evolutionary history of the vertebrates, from earliest to latest in time?

jaws-lungs-four limbs-hair

Sponges of the phylum Porifera are sessile, meaning that they?

live attached to a solid structure and do not move around

Sponges of the phylum porifera are sessile, meaning that they:

live attached to a solid structure and do not move around.

Which animal phylum lacks true tissues?

porifera (sponges)

In what order did the following structures or processes evolve?

prokaryotic cell, photosynthesis, multicellularity, terrestrially

The vast majority of invertebrates are:

protostomes.

Which of the following terms can be associated with gastropods?

radula

The molluscan class Cephalopoda includes all of the following kinds of animals EXCEPT:

snails

Collar cells are found in:

sponges.