Housing Technology Exam 1 Ch. 1-6

Efflorescence

Fluffy powder, usually white, that sometimes appears on the surface of masonry wall caused by the leaching of chemical salts by water migrating from within the structure to the surface. Can be avoided by choosing masonry units that do not contain water-soluble salts and by using clean ingredients in the mortar. Most types can be removed with water and a brush.

Multifamily Structures

Generally require the involvement of an architecture.

Subcontractor

Hired by general contractor to complete specified portions of work. ex: plumbers, electricians, painters, etc.

Course

Horizontal layer of brick.

Mobile Home

House is 14 feet or less in width, constructed on a rubber-tired frame, and is completely finished in the factory. Least expensive per square foot.

Modular or Sectional Homes

House wider than 14 feet, or more than one story high, built in two or more completed sections that are joined at the site.

Granite

Igneous rock most commonly quarried for construction in North America. Range of colors include gray, black, red, pink, brown, buff, green, and very rarely blue. Nonporous, very strong, hard, durable, most nearly permanent. Suitable for use in contact with the ground or exposed to severe weather. Can be used rough or mirror-like finish.

Rubble

Irregular quarried fragments that have at least one good face to expose in a wall.

Zoning Ordinances

Locals laws that divide the locality into zones that regulate what kinds of buildings may be built in each zone. Basic Purpose: to designate areas of land for particular kinds of uses; Commercial, civic, schools, residential. Prevents slaughterhouses from being in residential neighborhoods. Contains other restrictions: Tree-cutting restrictions, erosion control measures, fencing restrictions, sidewalk specifications. Copies of zoning ordinance are available for purchase or reference at the office of the building inspector or public library.

Bonding

A form of insurance paid to protect the owner against nonperformance or fraud.

Dimension Stone

has been quarried & cut into rectangular form.

Tract

A group contiguous building lots that are being developed by one developer. Typically, the developer/builder will repeat house plans to reduce construction costs. A large initial investment must be made to install infrastructure and obtain governmental approval. Must conform to zoning ordinances: Stipulate minimum street5 widths, off street parking requirements, minimum lot sizes, minimum distances of buildings from lot lines, maximum height of building.

Header

Brick laid so as to bond two wythes together (perpendicular to the wythes.)

Difference between a Builder and Developer

Builders bring together and coordinate all the parts of an entire building project for the purpose of offering it for sale or rent. Requires most amount of money needing to be borrowed from the financing company. Developers purchase large tracts of land, contract for the design of roads and utilities, obtain the necessary governmental permissions to develop the land, contract for the installation of roads and utilities, sell the divided land as building lots.

Building Permit

Building plans are submitted to the city or county building department to be reviewed. If the plans comply with all he building codes and zoning ordinances, and the fees are paid, a permit is issued. At various stages in the construction process, the contractor requests inspections, per the permit, in order to proceed with construction.

Structural Framing

Building the walls, floors, and roof with lumber and structural wooden panels. With a slab foundation for the floor, framing begins at the walls. Without a slab, a wooden floor structure is constructed first.

Change Order

Changes in the scope of he work from the original contract.

Building Codes

Designed to ensure structural safety and a healthy living environment within the house itself.

Developer/Builder

Developers who construct houses for sale on the lots they develop.

Metamorphic Rock

Either igneous or sedimentary rock that has been transformed by heat and pressure into a different type of rock.

Contractor

Enters into a legal relationship with the owner of a property to build the owner's building or perform other work. Not all builders are contractors. Not all contractors are builders.

Mortar

Originally the mud smeared into the joints of a rising wall to impart stability and weather tightness. Now, a substance used to join masonry units, consisting of cementitious materials, fine aggregate, and water.

Limestone

Porous and contains groundwater (quarry sap) when quarried. after seasoning the quarry sap evaporates and the stone becomes harder. colors range from almost white, gray, buff, iron oxide red.

Marble

Recrystallized form of limestone. easily polished and cut into slabs and tiles. white, black, nearly every color, with beautiful patterns of veining.

General Contractor

Responsible for all construction work from start to finish. Signs a contract with owner to build entire house, group of houses, or complete entire remodeling job.

Stipulated Sum Contract

Results from competitive bidding; contractor agrees to build the house for a fixed amount.

Sedimentary Rock

Rock that was deposited by the action of water or wind.

Igneous Rock

Rock that was deposited in the molten state

Field Stone

Rough building stone obtained from riverbeds and rock strewn fields.

License

Signifies that contractor has passed a government-sanctioned test that measures proficiency in specialty.

Owner Designers

Single Family Plans

Stick Built Homes

Wood Framing