How To Speak Chemistrian: Crash Course Chemistry #11

If it has no oxygen then it's prefix/suffix is _________________.

"hydro"/"ic" and "ide"

If it has two less oxygen than "ic" it's prefix/suffix is ______________.

"hypo"/"ouse" and "hypo"/"ite"

The "-ous" suffix means ___________________________

"less than"

All atoms that end in "-ite" form acids that end in _____________.

"ous"

If it has one less oxygen than "ic" it's suffix is _____________.

"ous" or "ite"

If it has one more oxygen than "ic" it's prefix/suffix is _____________.

"per"/"ic" and "per"/"ate"

What if and atom has two fewer oxygen atoms than it's "-ic" counterpart?

For both the acid and its anion, you use the suffixes, "-ous" and "-ite", but then additionally, you add the prefix "hypo".

What is the phrasebook of chemistrian?

Periodic Table

How do we name ionic compounds?

Say the cation first, and the anion second. (ex. "Sodium chloride", "hydrogen sulfide")

From the name "hypochlorous acid" we know this acid has _______________.

it has two fewer oxygen atoms

Even though an acid is defined by its ability to give up hydrogen ions, _____________________________________.

it is identified by it's oxygen content.

A phosphate ion has a three charge, so it bonds with three hydrogen ions to form __________________________.

phosphoric acid.

As a rule, all anions that end in "-ate" form acids _______________.

that end with "-ic".

If you see the "per-" prefix ____________________________________________.

that's the highest number of oxygens that can get on there.

When describing a cation ____________________________.

the name is just the element followed by the word "ion". (ex. "sodium ion")

From the name "perchloric acid" _____________________________________.

we know it contains the highest number of oxygen it can hold.

What is the naming convention for the transition metals?

when saying or writing the name of a transition metal ion, you use Roman numerals to denote the size of the ion's charge. (ex. Iron(III) or Iron(II)) You write it this way whether the ion's in a compound or by itself. Be sure to put the numerals in parentheses with no space between the cation and the first parenthesis.

When describing an anion ____________________________________.

you use a special suffix, "ide". (ex. chlorine becomes chloride)