HST 102 Chapter 16 : America's Gilded Age 1870-1890

Civil Service Act of 1883

Created a merit-based system for federal employees, with appointment via competitive testing rather than political appointment; marked an end to the spoils system

Identify the correct statements that describe the Knights of Labor A) The Knights of Labor included women in its membership B) The Knights of Labor never questioned the inequality of wealth in the capitalist system C) The Knights of Labor membership was only strong in New York state and numbered at its peak 80,000 members D) Asians on the West Coast were welcomed as members of the Knights of Labor.

A

Identify the statements that describe the Haymarket Affair : A) Eight men were charged with carrying out the bombing B) Four strikers were killed by police on May 3, 1886, when they clashed with strikebreakers C) The Haymarket Affair of 1886 led to legislation making it illegal for companies to hire strikebreakers and private security forces during labor unions' strike actions D) Police refused to believe labor leaders and organizations were involved in the bombing

A, B

Identify the statements that describe examples of Christian moral reform and its successful attempts to stamp out sin A) Mann Act of 1910 : This legislation banned the transportation of women across state lines for immoral purposes in an effort to suppress prostitution B) Women's Christian Temperance Union C) Gambling, prostitution, polygamy, and birth control were all targets of the legislation attempts to control or eliminate by Evangelical Christians in the Gilded Age D) Christian reformers forced through a law banning all business on Sundays

A, B, C

The "overwhelming labor question" replaced slavery as the hot-button topic in the late nineteenth century. Identify the events and actions that illustrate the "overwhelming labor question" A) The federal government built National Guard armories in major cities to ensure troops would be on hand if strikes got out of control B) President Rutherford B. Hayes supported the striking railroad workers and submitted legislation to Congress that would have sent millions of dollars of aid to striking workers' families C) Troops fired on striking workers in Pittsburgh, killing twenty people D) The Great Railroad Strike

A, C, D

Interstate Commerce Commission

Established to ensure that railroads charged farmers and merchants reasonable rates and did not offer better treatment to some shippers; did not hold much power, however

T or F : Between the end of the Civil War and the early twentieth century, the United States experienced stagnant economic growth and the loss of international markets

False

T or F : The conquest of the American West was a unique phenomenon in global history, whereby settlers moved boldly into the interior of regions of a great continent with a temperate climate, bringing their families, crops, and livestock, and establishing mining and other industries.

False; Argentina, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and Africa all experienced some form of the white settler experience. India and most of Africa were the only places the indigenous populations were able to resist and turn back colonial expansion

T or F : Most of the farms on the Great Plains were bonanza farms that covered thousands of acres and employed large numbers of agricultural wage workers

False; while there were a few bonanza farms, most of the farms west of the Mississippi were still small, family farms. Even these farms had become more commercially oriented as they were connected to the wider world and its markets by the railroads

Sherman Antitrust Act

First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting; banned all combinations and practices that restrained free trade