HTP 5

In the first half of the nineteenth century, a major consequence of United States expansionism was A increased sectional discord, accompanied by the growing failure of compromise B the need for a strong military to protect the newly gained territory C increased concentration of the slave population along the Atlantic seaboard D a large overseas market for goods manufactured in New England E increased popular support for the Whig Party

A

Most of the Irish immigrants who came to the United States following the potato famine of the 1840s settled in A urban areas of the North B seacoast cities of the South C rural sections of the Old Northwest D California E Appalachia

A

The Compromise of 1877 resulted in A the withdrawal of federal troops from the South B apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives by state population C the implementation of the first income tax D government subsidies for American Indians who agreed to submit to reservation life E the establishment of stricter regulations on immigration

A

The Supreme Court's decision in the Dred Scott case in 1857 effectively repealed the A Missouri Compromise B Fugitive Slave Act C Ostend Manifesto D Wilmot Proviso E Eleventh Amendment to the Constitution

A

The cartoon above is intended to express A a critique of Reconstruction B opposition to women's rights C opposition to states' rights D support for strong government E opposition to the draft

A

The idea of Manifest Destiny included all of the following beliefs EXCEPT: A Commerce and industry would decline as the nation expanded its agricultural base. B The use of land for settled agriculture was preferable to its use for nomadic hunting. C Westward expansion was both inevitable and beneficial. D God had selected America as a chosen land and people. E The ultimate extent of the American domain was to be from the tropics to the Arctic.

A

In adopting the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress was primarily concerned with A protecting the powers of the southern state governments established under Andrew Johnson B protecting legislation guaranteeing civil rights to former slaves C ending slavery D guaranteeing all citizens the right to vote E establishing the Freedmen's Bureau

B

The Battle of Antietam, September 17, 1862, is considered pivotal to the outcome of the Civil War because it A represented the Union's deepest thrust into southern territory B forestalled the possibility of European intervention C resulted in the border states joining the Confederacy D marked the first use of Black troops by the Union army E confirmed George McClellan's status as the leading Union general

B

The belief by some Americans that the Civil War was "a rich man's war but a poor man's fight" was reflected in A Sherman's march to Atlanta B the draft riots in New York City C Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus in the South D Thoreau's denunciation of the war E John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry

B

Which of the following ideas contributed most directly to the territorial changes shown in the map? A Abolitionism B Manifest Destiny C Popular sovereignty D Containment

B

Which of the following statement about the Dred Scott decision is correct? A It recognized the power of Congress to prohibit slavery in the territories, but refused on technical grounds to free Scott. B It stated that Black people were not citizens of the United States. C It upheld the constitutionality of the Missouri Compromise. D It upheld the principle of popular sovereignty. E It freed Scott, but not other slaves in circumstances similar to Scott's.

B

Which of the following states the principle of "popular sovereignty?" A Congress has the right to decide where slavery shall and shall not exist. B The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or not slavery will be permitted there. C Individual citizens can decide for themselves whether or not to hold slaves. D The American people shall decide where slavery will exist through a national plebiscite. E Individual states have the right to reject congressional decisions pertaining to slavery.

B

Which of the following was the most direct catalyst for the secession of South Carolina? A The Dred Scott decision B The election of 1860 C The Wilmot Proviso D John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry E The attack on Charles Sumner

B

"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside." Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution The provision above overturned the A Alien and Sedition Acts B Chinese Exclusion Act C Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford D Supreme Court ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland E Supreme Court ruling in Worcester v. Georgia

C

In 1861 the North went to war with the South primarily to A liberate the slaves B prevent European powers from meddling in American affairs C preserve the Union D average political defeats and insults inflicted by the South E forestall a Southern invasion of the North

C

The 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act instituted popular sovereignty to A prohibit slavery above Missouri's southern border B assure that Congress had a constitutional right to establish or abolish slavery in new territories C allow people living in a territory to determine whether slavery should be permitted there D admit Kansas as a slave state and Nebraska as a free state E allow towns to decide the issue of slavery on a case-by-case basis

C

The Union's victory at Gettysburg was significant because it A prevented Britain and Russia from intervening in the Civil War B prompted Abraham Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation C halted the last major Confederate invasion of the North D gave the Union control over the Mississippi River E caused the Confederacy to surrender

C

The United States gained which of the following from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 ? A An undisputed claim to Oregon B Control of the sugar trade with Cuba C Possession of California and most of the Southwest D Possession of the Philippines E The right to construct a canal across the Isthmus of Panama

C

The first attempt to apply the doctrine of popular sovereignty in determining the status of slavery occurred in A Texas B California C Kansas D Missouri E Oregon

C

The most controversial and divisive component of the Compromise of 1850 was the A measure's endorsement of popular sovereignty B admittance of Missouri as a slave state and the establishment of the 36°30' line C passage of a tougher national fugitive slave act D admittance of Texas as a slave state E legislation permitted the surveying of a southern transcontinental railway line

C

The trend shown in the map led most directly to which of the following? A A decreasing gap in wealth because land ownership increased among White citizens B Decreasing tensions between White settlers and Native Americans because expanded United States territory undercut competition C Increasing divisions between North and South because of questions about the status of slavery in new territories D Increasing legal immigration for Asians because the United States became a Pacific Rim country

C

Which of the following was a serious constitutional question after the Civil War? A The restoration of the power of the federal judiciary B The legality of the national banking system C The political and legal status of the former Confederate states D The relationship between the United States and Britain E The proposed annexation of Columbia

C

A significant result of the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 was that the United States A suffered a military defeat B freed Texas from Mexican rule C won control of Cuba from Spain D experienced increasing tension over the issue of slavery E experienced increasing tension over the acquisition of Puerto Rico

D

Historians have argued that all of the following were causes of the Civil War EXCEPT A the clash of economic interests between agrarian and industrializing regions B the actions of irresponsible politicians and agitators in the North and the South C differences over the morality and future of slavery D the growing power of poor Southern Whites who resisted planter dominance and sought to abolish slavery E a constitutional crisis pitting states' rights against federal power

D

The Black Codes passed in a number of southern states after the Civil War were intended to A close public schools to the children of former slaves B promote the return of former slaves to Africa C enable Black citizens to vote in federal elections D place limits on the socioeconomic opportunities open to Black people E further the integration of southern society

D

The Compromise of 1850 did which of the following? A Admitted Texas to the Union as a slave state. B Admitted California to the Union under the principles of popular sovereignty. C Prohibited slavery in the District of Columbia. D Enacted a stringent fugitive slave law. E Adjusted the Texas-Mexico boundary.

D

The acquisition of territory in the southwestern region shown in the map intensified controversies in the United States about A granting free land in the new territories B rights to mineral wealth and resources in the new territories C extending citizenship to people already in the territories D allowing slavery in the new territories

D

The territorial changes shown in the southwestern region of the map most directly resulted from A treaties made with American Indian nations B the purchase of land from France and Spain C the Spanish-American War D the Mexican-American War

D

Which of the following occurred during Radical Reconstruction? A The passage of the Black Codes B A permanent shift of Southern voters to the Republican Party C The creation of a new industrial base in a majority of Southern states D The formation of the Ku Klux Klan E Widespread redistribution of confiscated land to former slaves

D

Which of the following was a common justification in the United States for the trend depicted in the map? A The interest in greater access to trade with the British colonies in the Americas B The desire for better relations with Mexico C The intention to assimilate Plains Indians into White society D The belief in White cultural and political superiority

D

Why did Congressional Reconstruction end in 1877? A The freed slaves had been successfully integrated into Southern society. B The treaty ending the Civil War had set such a time limit. C Most of the politically active Black people had left the South for Northern cities. D The Republican and Democratic parties effected a compromise agreement after the 1876 presidential election. E The United States needed the troops stationed in the South to confront the French in Mexico.

D

Members of the American (Know-Nothing) Party of the 1850s typically supported A universal manhood suffrage B restoration of a national bank C immediate abolition of slavery D homesteads in the western territories E restrictions on Catholics' holding public office

E

On the eve of the Civil War, the South enjoyed an advantage over the North in A shipping capacity B total population C railroad mileage D firearms production E experienced military leadership

E

When the Emancipation Proclamation was issued at the beginning of 1863, its immediate effect was to A end the Civil War B abolish slavery C free slaves held in the border sates D alienate Britain and France E strengthen the moral cause of the Union

E

Which of the following would most likely have opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act? A A Missouri slaveholder B Stephen Douglas C A midwestern investor in a Pacific-to-Chicago railroad line D A Southern supporter of popular sovereignty E A New England abolitionist

E