Human Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1
Body Regions
1. Axial 2. Appendicular
Structural and Organizational Function
1. Chemical 2. Cellular 3. Tissue 4. Organ 5. Organ System 6. Organism
Eleven Organ Systems
1. Circulatory 2. Respiratory 3. Digestive 4. Reproductive 5. Nervous 6. Lymphatic 7. Endocrine 8. Muscular 9. Skeletal 10. Urinary 11. Integumentary
Characteristics of Life
1. Organization: relationships in an organism 2. Metabolism: all chemical reactions 3. Responsiveness: senses change and adapts 4. Growth: cell growth 5. Development: changes that occur over time 6. Reproduction: forming of new cells/organisms
Peritoneal surrounds the _______
Abdominopelvic
Toward front
Anterior
Oblique Plane
Any cut at an angle
Retroperitoneal means the organs are ______________ the serous membrane.
Behind
Anatomical Position
Body is upright Arms at side Palms face forward Soles of feet are down
Appendicular Region (Upper)
Brachial Cubital Antebrachial Carpal Palmar Digital Dorsum
System that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood. Its function is to transport gasses, nutrients, waste, and hormones.
Cardiovascular
Toward Coccyx
Caudal
Second Organization
Cellular: structural and functional unit of life
Toward Head
Cephalic
Axial Region
Cephalic, cervical, trunk
First Organization
Chemical: atom interaction
Dorsal Body Cavities
Cranial (Brain) Spinal (Spinal Cord)
System that includes intestines, stomach, mouth, esophagus, and pharynx. Breaks down and absorbs food.
Digestive
Mid saggital
Divides body into EVEN left and right
Coronal Plane
Divides body into anterior and posterior (front and back)
Saggital Plane
Divides body into left and right
Transverse Plane
Divides body into superior and inferior (top and bottom)
System that includes hormone glands. It regulates body activities.
Endocrine
Appendicular Region (Lower)
Femoral Patellar Cural Talas Dorsum Plantar Digital
Cephalic Region
Frontal Orbital Otic Oral Nasal Mental Buccal
Paracardium surrounds the _________
Heart
System that includes the skin, hair, nails, and some glands. Functions as protection and storage.
Integumentary
Away from mid line
Lateral
Prone
Laying face down
Supine
Laying face up
The Plura surrounds the _________
Lungs
System includes lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, appendix, thymus and bone marrow. Provides immunity.
Lymphatic
Toward mid line
Medial
System that includes the muscles. Functions to provide movement, protection, and heat insulation.
Muscular
Cervical Region
Neck
System that includes the brain, nerves, spinal cord, and receptors. Its function is to provide sensation, communication, and response to stimuli.
Nervous
Fifth Organization
Organ System: group of organs that function together
Fourth Organization
Organ: more then one tissue type functioning together
Sixth Organization
Organism: any living thing
Thoracic Region
Pectoral Sternal Mammary Axillary Vertebral (posterior) Scapular (posterior)
Serous Membranes
Periatal and Viseral
Thoracic Cavity
Pleural (lungs) Mediastinum
Toward Back
Posterior
System that includes tetes/ovaries, and allows for production of gametes.
Reproductive
System that includes lungs, nose, trachea, and pharynx. Allows for gas exchange and pH balance.
Respiratory
System that includes bones, cartilage, and joints. Functions to provide protection to organs and the give support and movement.
Skeletal
Ventral Body Cavities
Thoracic (Above Diaphragm) Abdominopelvic (Below Diaphragm)
Third Organization
Tissue: groups of similar cells and surrounding material
Abdominopelvic Region
Umbilical Lumbar Pubic Inguinal Sacral Gluteal
System that includes the bladder, kidney, ureters, and urethra. Allows for waste removal.
Urinary
Toward inside
deep
Away from body
distal
Appendicular region
extremities
Toward feet for head, neck, and trunk
inferior
Abdominopelvic
organs of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems
Close to body
proximal
physiology
study of the function of the body's structures
Toward surface
superficial
Toward head for head, neck and trunk
superior
Anatomy
the study of structures of the body
