Human Anatomy Chapter 1
The following statements are true concerning serosae
-pleurae are the serosa covering the lungs -peritoneum is the serosa covering abdominal organs -visceral serosa covers organs directly
When many molecules come together to form organelles that become compartmentalized into a single structure that works as a unit, you have an example of the ______.
Cellular level
Oxygen and hydrogen combine with one another to form water; this is an example of the ______ of organization.
Chemical level
If you wanted to see a section through both lungs at the same time, you could make a cut in the _____ or the ____ plane.
Coronal; transverse
Which structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
Diaphragm
Which of the following is true regarding the anatomical position?
Directional terminology refers to the body in this position
Knowledge of this branch of anatomy helps one understand the complex design of the adult human body and helps to explain birth defects
Embryology
An example of a tissue in the body is
Epithelium
This branch of anatomy explores how organs and body structures work and assesses the efficiency of their design
Functional morphology
This is the study of the body structures that can be examined with the naked eye. Bones, lungs, and muscles for example
Gross anatomy
This is the study of microscopic structures including cells, tissues, and microscopic details of organs
Histology
The right nostril and right ear are _____
Ipsilateral
What is the purpose of the serous fluid that is located between visceral and parietal serosa?
It allows organs to slide with little friction against each other
The roots of anatomical terminology lie mainly in
Latin and Greek
This branch of anatomy studies internal body structures by means of MRI, sonography, and other imaging techniques
Radiographic anatomy
This is the study of shapes and landmarks that reveal underlying organs
Surface anatomy
Muscle fibers are cells that contain actin, myosin, and other accessory proteins. When these cells are connected together, they can all function as a unit, carrying out the shortening capabilities of muscle. When multiple cells with a similar function come together, it is an example of the ______
Tissue level
The proximal convoluted tubule is a structure within the kidney nephron that plays a significant role in the reabsorption of important products that have been filtered from the blood. One of the key features of this structure is its lining. The cells that line the tubule are responsible for the transport of substances across the membrane. These cells and their collective efforts would be an example of which of the following levels?
Tissue level
The smallest living unit is
a cell
digestive viscera and kidneys
abdominal cavity
Someone studying anatomy using the systemic approach could study _______
all digestive organs
A histologist examines a specimen that has an epithelium overlying some smooth muscle. This specimen is part of
an organ
All of the following refer to regions of the upper limb
ante brachial, polled, olecranal, carpal
The umbilical region is ____ to the lumbar region
anterior
The axillary artery is found in the region of the
armpit
Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and other organelles compartmentalized into a single structure by phospholipids, forming a single functional unit
cellular level
neurons
cellular level
Which of the following terms indicates the neck region
cervical
carbon, hydrogen, and phosphate coming together to form the phospholipids of a cellular membrane
chemical level
neurotransmitters
chemical level
a frontal plane is the same as a ____ plane
coronal
The words anatomy and dissection both derive from the Greek word meaning
cut apart
Bones lie ____ to muscles
deep
Muscles are ____ to the skin
deep
The brain is ____ to the skull
deep
Parietal peritoneum covers the ____
deep surface of the wall of the abdominal cavity
which branch of anatomy studies the structural changes that occur as one ages?
developmental anatomy
The ankle lies ____ to the thigh
distal
The ____ body cavity contains the brain
dorsal
The dorsal body cavity ___.
encloses the brain and spinal cord
In anatomical position, the palms of the hands face medially towards the thighs
false
The inguinal region is located _____ to the umbilical region
inferior
The axillary region is ____ to the sternum
lateral
The thumb is _____ to the index finger
lateral
The middle finger is _____ to the index finger
medial
Another name for the midsagittal plane is
median
heart, esophagus, and trachea
mediastinum
Brain
organ level
Cardiac muscle, connective tissue, and endothelial cells all collecting together to form the human heart
organ level
The small intestine contains the epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. The combination of these different tissue types to form one discrete structure is an example of the _____
organ level
The tibia, which is made of connective tissue and nervous tissue
organ level
The pituitary gland, adrenal gland, and other hormone-producing organs all work together to help the body send hormones through the blood stream and respond to internal changes. This is an example of the
organ system level
brain combined with spinal cord and spinal nerves
organ system level
Identify the membranes that line the cavity surrounding the lungs
parietal and visceral pleura
A coronal section through the human body can
pass though both ears
bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum
pelvic cavity
lung
pleural cavity
The area of the lower limb that refers to the posterior side of the knee is the ____ region
popliteal
The knee is _____ to the foot
proximal
the femoral region is _____ to the plantar region
proximal
Which abdominal quadrants is the stomach located
right upper quadrant and left upper quadrant
The chest is _____ to the abdomen
superior
The gluteal region is ____ to the popliteal region
superior
The lip is _____ to the chin
superior
The pelvic cavity contains
the bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs
as an anatomical region, lumbar refers to
the inferno-medial aspect of the back
An example of an organ is
the intestine
Which statement concerning the anatomical position is FALSE?
the person is lying down, as straight as possible
The popliteal region is
the posterior surface of the knee
What is the function of serous membranes
they reduce friction so that viscera move freely
The _____ is the proximal region of the lower limb
thigh
The femoral region is the
thigh
The ____ cavity contains the heart and lungs
thoracic
The body region containing the axillary, sternal, and mammary regions is the
thorax
What point or structure in the body is located farthest laterally?
tip of thumb
A thin layer of cells that collectively form the lining of the lungs to allow for the diffusion of gases
tissue level
Neurons and neuroglial cells
tissues level
A cross section is the same as a
transverse plane
Serous cavities include the pleural cavity
true
The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into a cranial cavity and a cerebral cavity
true
The peritoneal cavity is a serous cavity
true
composed of thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
ventral body cavity
spinal cord
vertebral cavity