Human Development CHAPTER 15

28. When women were asked their feelings about no longer menstruating, most said they __________. A) were relieved B) were depressed C) felt really old D) felt less feminine Answer: A

A) were relieved

42. Among middle-aged __________, cancer __________. A) women; is by far the leading cause of death B) men; deaths are exceeded by cardiovascular disease deaths C) women; deaths are exceeded by cardiovascular disease deaths D) men; is by far the leading cause of death Answer: A

A) women; is by far the leading cause of death

39. Which individual is most likely to say that he or she has had no sexual partners in the previous year? A) Tamara, a 37-year-old woman B) Santos, a 38-year-old man C) Darnell, a 59-year-old man D) Margarete, a 58-year-old woman Answer: D

D) Margarete, a 58-year-old woman

23. Which woman is likely to report fewer menopausal complaints? A) Laura, an American woman B) Esmée, a European woman C) Nia, an African woman D) Noriko, an Asian woman Answer: D

D) Noriko, an Asian woman

7. Which statement is true about age-related hearing loss? A) African tribal peoples display little age-related hearing loss. B) Women's hearing declines earlier and more rapidly than men's. C) The first sign of hearing loss is a sharp loss at low frequencies. D) Few middle-aged adults with hearing difficulties benefit from hearing aids. Answer: A

A) African tribal peoples display little age-related hearing loss.

91. Which individual is most likely to maintain mental abilities well into late adulthood? A) Andre, a retired lawyer who has been married for 40 years to a college professor B) Ingrid, an always single, retired school secretary who has had bypass surgery C) Fawn, a retired factory worker who was married three times and is now single D) Samson, a physically active retired construction worker who recently remarried Answer: A

A) Andre, a retired lawyer who has been married for 40 years to a college professor

17. Which statement is true about the aging skeleton? A) Bones become more porous with age. B) Bones narrow with age, as new cells accumulate. C) With age, the mineral content of bones increases. D) Men's reserve of bone minerals is lower than women's. Answer: A

A) Bones become more porous with age.

67. Which statement about stress management in midlife is true? A) Communities provide fewer social supports for middle-aged adults than for younger or older adults. B) People tend to cope with stress less effectively as they move from early to middle adulthood. C) When middle-aged adults surmount a highly stressful experience, they report few lasting personal benefits. D) Community programs addressing concerns such as those of adult learners returning to college fail to reduce stress. Answer: A

A) Communities provide fewer social supports for middle-aged adults than for younger or older adults.

44. __________ cancer causes more deaths than any other type of cancer. A) Lung B) Colon C) Prostate D) Breast Answer: A

A) Lung

13. __________ declines very gradually in the forties and fifties. A) Muscle mass B) Weight C) Body fat D) Abdominal fat Answer: A

A) Muscle mass

75. Which statement is true about lifetime adversity? A) People with modest lifetime adversity are less negatively affected by exposure to recent adversity. B) Adults with no history of adversity respond optimally when faced with life stressors. C) High levels of lifetime adversity strengthen people's coping skills and foster resilience. D) Compared to adults with a history of modest lifetime adversity, those with no adversity report greater life satisfaction. Answer: A

A) People with modest lifetime adversity are less negatively affected by exposure to recent adversity.

31. Which rural woman is the most likely to report negative physical and emotional symptoms of menopause? A) Stacey, a North American woman B) Aiko, a Japanese woman C) Eme, a Mayan woman D) Sophie, a Greek woman Answer: A

A) Stacey, a North American woman

52. Janet has cardiovascular disease. Her doctor detected high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol. To relieve arterial blockage, Janet had __________, a procedure in which a surgeon threaded a needle-thin catheter into her arteries and inflated a balloon at its tip. A) angioplasty B) bypass surgery C) a pacemaker implantation D) angina pectoris Answer: A

A) angioplasty

34. Viagra and other medications for impotence __________. A) are generally safe B) decrease blood flow to the penis C) offer permanent relief from erectile dysfunction D) are associated with an increased risk of cancer and stroke Answer: A

A) are generally safe

68. More than half of U.S. middle-aged adults __________. A) are sedentary B) engage in the nationally recommended level of leisure-time physical activity C) engage in the nationally recommended levels of resistance exercises D) devote energy each week to leisure-time physical activities Answer: A

A) are sedentary

72. Wesley finds meaning in almost all of his daily activities, even during stressful times. Wesley is displaying which element of hardiness? A) commitment B) control C) challenge D) confidence Answer: A

A) commitment

60. Sean has frequent angry outbursts. He is rude, disagreeable, critical, and condescending. Sean exhibits __________. A) expressed hostility B) suppressed anger C) passive-aggressiveness D) a socially dominant style Answer: A

A) expressed hostility

83. Which type of intelligence begins to decline in the twenties? A) fluid B) crystallized C) naturalistic D) kinesthetic Answer: A

A) fluid

5. By midlife, __________. A) half the rods in the retina are lost B) the cones in the retina double in size C) the blood supply to the retina increases D) the retina becomes thicker and more sensitive Answer: A

A) half the rods in the retina are lost

78. The double standard for gender and aging __________. A) has become irrelevant B) is more relevant today C) is rarely evident in the media D) is adaptive at this point in history Answer: A

A) has become irrelevant

98. Because older adults find ways to compensate for cognitive slowing on familiar tasks, their reaction time __________. A) is considerably better on verbal items than on nonverbal items B) is somewhat better on nonverbal items than on verbal items C) cannot be improved through training D) is slower on familiar tasks than on unfamiliar tasks Answer: A

A) is considerably better on verbal items than on nonverbal items

25. Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) __________. A) is for women who have had hysterectomies B) combines estrogen and progesterone C) lessens the risk of cancer of the endometrium D) has little effect on improving vaginal dryness Answer: A

A) is for women who have had hysterectomies

36. Our understanding of health in middle to late adulthood is __________. A) limited by insufficient research on women and ethnic minorities B) mostly drawn from studies carried out on menopausal women C) based on information from studies carried out prior to World War II D) limited by insufficient research on North American men Answer: A

A) limited by insufficient research on women and ethnic minorities

63. Rosia viewed life as fluid. She expected change and accepted it as inevitable. When Rosia was faced with a problem, she identified it and decided what to do about it. Rosia used a(n) __________ coping strategy. A) problem-centered B) emotion-centered C) relaxation-centered D) holistic Answer: A

A) problem-centered

58. Andrew is extremely competitive, ambitious, impatient, and hostile. He is prone to angry outbursts. Andrew displays __________. A) the Type A behavior pattern B) the Type B behavior pattern C) approval-seeking behavior D) passive-aggressive behavior Answer: A

A) the Type A behavior pattern

21. The changes involved in women's fertility decline occur gradually over a 10-year period, during which __________. A) the production of estrogen drops and menstrual cycles become irregular B) the production of estrogen increases and menstrual cycles become irregular C) monthly cycles gradually increase in length until menstruation stops altogether D) menstrual cycles become irregular and the reproductive organs increase in size Answer: A

A) the production of estrogen drops and menstrual cycles become irregular

73. High-hardy individuals are likely to __________. A) use active, problem-centered coping strategies in situations they can control B) use emotion-centered and avoidant coping strategies in most situations C) avoid seeking social support because they believe they can solve problems independently D) deny that a stressful event occurred, or eat and drink to forget about it Answer: A

A) use active, problem-centered coping strategies in situations they can control

29. Which group of women is more likely to have a favorable attitude toward menopause? A) European-American women B) African-American women C) women with little or no college education D) women born between 1925 and 1945 Answer: B

B) African-American women

14. Malcolm is a 45-year-old man and Flora is a 45-year-old woman. Which statement is the most likely to be true? A) Malcolm is less active than Flora. B) Flora is experiencing a more rapid age-related decline in muscle mass than Malcolm. C) Flora, but not Malcolm, is experiencing an increase in body fat and loss of lean body mass. D) Malcolm, but not Flora, would benefit from weight-bearing exercise. Answer: B

B) Flora is experiencing a more rapid age-related decline in muscle mass than Malcolm.

65. __________ coping is largely emotion-focused and self-blaming, impulsive, or escapist. A) Avoidant B) Ineffective C) Problem-focused D) Flexible Answer: B

B) Ineffective

41. Which statement is true about illness and disability in middle adulthood? A) Unintentional injuries more than double from early to middle adulthood. B) Men are more vulnerable than women to most health problems in midlife. C) Falls resulting in bone fractures and death occur at a lower rate than in early adulthood. D) Economic disadvantage is a weak predictor of poor health and premature death in midlife. Answer: B

B) Men are more vulnerable than women to most health problems in midlife.

77. __________ likely contributes to negative judgments of middle-aged women's appearance, especially by men. A) Being a grandmother B) Menopause C) Graying hair D) Being employed Answer: B

B) Menopause

97. Which statement is true about age-related slowing of cognitive processing? A) According to one view, aging is accompanied by the hardening of the myelin coating on neural fibers in the cerebral cortex. B) One view suggests that older adults experience greater loss of information as it moves through the cognitive system. C) According to one approach, complex tasks, which have more processing steps, are less affected by information loss. D) The age-related decline in processing speed is the only major predictor of age-related cognitive changes. Answer: B

B) One view suggests that older adults experience greater loss of information as it moves through the cognitive system.

53. Which statement is true about sex differences in heart attack symptoms and treatments? A) Doctors often view a heart attack as a "female problem" and overlook symptoms in men. B) Rather than chest pain, many women experience extreme fatigue and symptoms often mistaken for a panic attack. C) Men are less likely than women to recognize heart attack symptoms and, therefore, often delay in seeking help. D) Men are less likely than women to be offered costly, invasive therapies, such as angioplasty and bypass surgery. Answer: B

B) Rather than chest pain, many women experience extreme fatigue and symptoms often mistaken for a panic attack.

46. Cancer death rates increase sharply as __________ decreases. A) age B) SES C) stress D) toxin exposure Answer: B

B) SES

69. __________ is vital in adopting, maintaining, and exerting oneself in an exercise regimen. A) Hardiness B) Self-efficacy C) Access to equipment D) Having an exercise buddy Answer: B

B) Self-efficacy

32. Tony, age 77, married Nichole, age 24. They are not using birth control because of Tony's advanced age. You can advise them that __________. A) Tony probably stopped producing semen around age 70 B) Tony produces less semen and sperm, but he can probably still father children C) while Tony still produces semen, he probably stopped producing sperm around age 60 D) Tony cannot maintain a sufficient erection to father a child at his age Answer: B

B) Tony produces less semen and sperm, but he can probably still father children

90. As people discover that they are no longer as good as they once were at certain tasks, they accommodate, shifting to activities that depend more on __________. A) emotional intelligence B) accumulated knowledge C) cognitive efficiency D) perceptual speed Answer: B

B) accumulated knowledge

81. Crystallized intelligence depends on __________. A) the ability to detect relationships among visual stimuli B) accumulated knowledge and experience C) the speed of analyzing information D) the capacity of working memory Answer: B

B) accumulated knowledge and experience

50. When __________ persists, it can prevent the heart from pumping enough blood and result in faintness. A) BRCA2 B) arrhythmia C) osteoporosis D) angina pectoris Answer: B

B) arrhythmia

43. From early to middle adulthood, the death rate due to __________ multiplies tenfold. A) falls B) cancer C) motor vehicle accidents D) cardiovascular disease Answer: B

B) cancer

3. The ability to see in dim light __________. A) does not decline during middle adulthood B) declines at twice the rate of daylight vision C) declines at half the rate of daylight vision D) improves slightly during middle adulthood Answer: B

B) declines at twice the rate of daylight vision

8. The __________ consists of connective tissue that gives the skin elasticity. A) epidermis B) dermis C) hypodermis D) protodermis Answer: B

B) dermis

95. Mounting evidence indicates that in healthy older adults, __________ predict(s) decrements in reaction time and other cognitive abilities. A) faster information processing B) extent of myelin breakdown C) faster working-memory D) increases in perceptual speed Answer: B

B) extent of myelin breakdown

59. Current evidence pinpoints __________ as a "toxic" ingredient of the Type A behavior pattern. A) competitiveness B) hostility C) ambition D) impatience Answer: B

B) hostility

88. Hector, age 85, is likely to show greater decrements in __________. A) verbal memory B) numeric ability C) verbal ability D) inductive reasoning Answer: B

B) numeric ability

54. Bianca, age 52, has porous bones and a very low bone density level. Bianca is at risk for __________. A) atherosclerosis B) osteoporosis C) scoliosis D) arterial thrombosis Answer: B

B) osteoporosis

49. Linnea has angina pectoris. Her crushing chest pain reveals a(n) __________. A) irregular heartbeat B) oxygen-deprived heart C) blood clot within the heart's chambers D) blood clot in the coronary arteries Answer: B

B) oxygen-deprived heart

6. Although some hearing conditions run in families, Dawn, age 61, is experiencing an age-related hearing condition. Dawn has __________. A) presbyopia B) presbycusis C) tinnitus D) sensorineural hearing loss Answer: B

B) presbycusis

15. Research shows that dietary calorie restriction in nonhuman primates __________. A) increases blood glucose and insulin levels B) reduces the incidence of age-related diseases C) decreases bone density and muscle mass D) increases accumulation of body fat Answer: B

B) reduces the incidence of age-related diseases

24. Hormone therapy __________. A) decreases the risks of breast and lung cancer B) reduces the physical discomforts of menopause C) has few, if any, negative consequences D) decreases the risks of heart attack and stroke Answer: B

B) reduces the physical discomforts of menopause

100. Domonique is an air traffic controller. Because of her occupational experiences, Domonique will likely demonstrate smaller age-related declines in __________ than her middle-aged peers. A) verbal ability B) task-switching C) numeric ability D) logical reasoning Answer: B

B) task-switching

19. Jeanine is 49. According to her doctor, she has reached the midlife transition in which fertility declines. Jeanine has reached __________. A) HRT B) the climacteric C) senescence D) menarche Answer: B

B) the climacteric

11. Women's skin typically ages more quickly than men's because __________. A) women are less likely to protect their skin from sun exposure B) the dermis of women is not as thick as that of men C) women spend less time outdoors than men do D) estrogen loss accelerates the thickening of the skin Answer: B

B) the dermis of women is not as thick as that of men

18. Which statement is true about loss of bone strength in middle adulthood? A) Loss in bone density usually begins in the early twenties and accelerates in the thirties. B) Environmental factors do little to slow bone loss in postmenopausal women. C) Loss of bone strength causes the disks of the spinal column to collapse. D) By the end of middle adulthood, women have lost 70 percent of their bone density. Answer: C

C) Loss of bone strength causes the disks of the spinal column to collapse.

45. Which statement is true about the incidence of lung cancer in the United States? A) It is the most common cause of cancer deaths for men, while breast cancer tops the list for women. B) Over the past 25 years, the incidence of lung cancer has steadily increased in men. C) Lung cancer has recently begun to decrease in women after a long period of increase. D) Lung cancer mortality has been on the decline in the United States for the last several decades. Answer: C

C) Lung cancer has recently begun to decrease in women after a long period of increase.

22. Which statement is true about menopause? A) During menopause, complaints about sexual functioning decrease. B) Hot flashes and night sweats affect only about 1 in 12 women. C) Research finds no links between menopause and changes in quantity or quality of sleep. D) With the final menstrual period, as hormone levels stabilize, the incidence of depression increases. Answer: C

C) Research finds no links between menopause and changes in quantity or quality of sleep.

61. __________ is associated with high blood pressure and heart disease. A) Displaying a socially submissive emotional style B) Having an optimistic outlook C) Ruminating about past anger-provoking events D) Expressing frustration and disappointment Answer: C

C) Ruminating about past anger-provoking events

80. Which statement is true about age-related changes in mental abilities? A) Many early cross-sectional studies showed an age-related increase in cognitive functioning. B) Cross-sectional research from the 1950s revealed modest decreases in mental abilities in midlife. C) Testing of college students and soldiers in the 1920s revealed an increase in intelligence in midlife. D) When adults are followed longitudinally, their verbal scores rise during early adulthood and decline in midlife. Answer: C

C) Testing of college students and soldiers in the 1920s revealed an increase in intelligence in midlife.

86. Trends in both crystallized and fluid mental abilities reported from the Seattle Longitudinal Study indicate that middle-aged adults __________. A) show steady increases in nonverbal IQ B) often overestimate their intellectual abilities C) are intellectually "in their prime," not "over the hill" D) show sharp decrements in ability, starting around age 40 Answer: C

C) are intellectually "in their prime," not "over the hill"

51. A pacemaker is one treatment for __________. A) arterial thrombosis B) atherosclerosis C) arrhythmia D) angina pectoris Answer: C

C) arrhythmia

66. Teaching people to be __________ rather than hostile and to __________ rather than explode interrupts the intense physiological response that intervenes between psychological stress and illness. A) passive; implode B) impulsive; relax C) assertive; negotiate D) passive; avoid Answer: C

C) assertive; negotiate

33. The inability to attain an erection when desired __________. A) rarely occurs before age 50 B) is a sign of serious sexual dysfunction C) becomes more common in midlife D) is always a sign of declining testosterone Answer: C

C) becomes more common in midlife

62. In middle adulthood, stress management __________. A) is less important than in early adulthood B) is less important than in late adulthood C) can limit the age-related rise in illness D) escalates the severity of disease Answer: C

C) can limit the age-related rise in illness

40. The leading causes of death in middle age are __________ and __________. A) motor vehicle collisions; cancer B) falls; motor vehicle collisions C) cancer; cardiovascular disease D) falls; cardiovascular disease Answer: C

C) cancer; cardiovascular disease

35. Middle-aged adults usually attribute health complaints to __________. A) temporary infections B) recurring infections C) chronic diseases D) disabling conditions Answer: C

C) chronic diseases

10. Which sign of aging of the skin usually occurs first? A) the appearance of "crow's feet" around the eyes B) the appearance of numerous "age spots" C) development of lines on the forehead D) an increase in visible blood vessels Answer: C

C) development of lines on the forehead

92. Courtney, a baby boomer, is likely to score higher than her father at the same age on verbal memory, inductive reasoning, and spatial orientation. Courtney's performance compared to her father's is likely due to generational advances in __________. A) emotional intelligence B) perceptual speed C) education and technology D) naturalistic intelligence Answer: C

C) education and technology

47. Women with either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are __________. A) unlikely to develop breast cancer before age 40 B) especially likely to develop breast cancer in late adulthood C) especially likely to develop early-onset breast cancer D) unlikely to develop breast cancer after age 40 Answer: C

C) especially likely to develop early-onset breast cancer

93. As processing speed slows, __________. A) attention heightens B) working memory improves C) executive function declines D) verbal IQ decreases Answer: C

C) executive function declines

55. The earlier a woman reaches menopause, the __________ her chances of developing __________. A) smaller; osteoporosis B) smaller; cardiovascular disease C) greater; osteoporosis D) greater; cardiovascular disease Answer: C

C) greater; osteoporosis

Yolanda is 48. She probably

C) has experienced a shift in subjective time orientation from "time since birth" to "time left to live"

26. Women age 65 and older taking HRT __________. A) have a decreased risk of heart attack and stroke B) have a decreased risk of breast cancer C) have an elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease D) receive estrogen without progesterone Answer: C

C) have an elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease

20. Women who __________ tend to reach menopause earlier. A) have had two or more children B) do not smoke C) have not borne children D) have borne twins Answer: C

C) have not borne children

84. Many cross-sectional studies show that crystallized intelligence __________. A) declines steadily after age 20 B) declines swiftly after age 40 C) increases steadily through middle adulthood D) rises swiftly through early adulthood, and then falls slowly Answer: C

C) increases steadily through middle adulthood

38. Thomas, age 45, has been married for 20 years. When asked about his sex life, Thomas will probably say that sex is __________ than it was in his early married life. A) less important B) more dysfunctional C) less intense D) more frequent Answer: C

C) less intense

96. On tests of complex abilities, the slower the reaction time, the __________ the score on __________. A) higher; tests of memory B) higher; tests of reasoning C) lower; problem-solving tasks D) lower; verbal IQ tasks Answer: C

C) lower; problem-solving tasks

30. In a study involving nearly 600 men and women, participants who described their view of menopause as a(n) __________ made more negative statements than the other contexts. A) life transition B) symbol of aging C) medical problem D) elevation of social status Answer: C

C) medical problem

74. Adults with a history of __________ adversity exposure report __________. A) no lifetime; greater life satisfaction B) no recent; functional impairment C) modest lifetime; greater life satisfaction D) high lifetime; less overall psychological distress Answer: C

C) modest lifetime; greater life satisfaction

87. Longitudinal research shows that from the twenties on, __________ decreases steadily. A) verbal ability B) inductive reasoning C) perceptual speed D) numeric ability Answer: C

C) perceptual speed

16. Experimental evidence involving random assignment of individuals to calorie-restricted and nonrestricted conditions reveals that __________. A) nonrestricted participants show a reduction in incidence of death due to cancer B) nonrestricted participants show a reduction in cardiovascular disease C) restricted participants display improved cardiovascular and other health indicators D) restricted participants show none of the same health improvements as nonhuman primates Answer: C

C) restricted participants display improved cardiovascular and other health indicators

4. Glaucoma __________. A) literally means "old eyes" B) involves changes in the vitreous of the eye C) typically progresses without noticeable symptoms D) is caused by neural changes in the visual system Answer: C

C) typically progresses without noticeable symptoms

70. Jackelyn is a low-SES, sedentary 47-year-old. She is more likely than a high-SES agemate to mention __________ as a barrier to exercise. A) low self-efficacy B) lack of motivation C) unsafe neighborhoods D) disinterest in sports Answer: C

C) unsafe neighborhoods

99. In middle and late adulthood, __________ working memory suffers much less than __________ working memory. A) spatial; nonverbal B) nonverbal; verbal C) verbal; spatial D) short-term; long-term Answer: C

C) verbal; spatial

57. Shavonda fell and fractured her hip, and has since been diagnosed with osteoporosis. Shavonda's doctor will probably recommend __________. A) removing vitamin D from the diet B) endurance training C) weight-bearing exercise D) a vitamin C enriched diet Answer: C

C) weight-bearing exercise

37. Which statement is true about sexuality in middle adulthood? A) Frequency of sexual activity among couples tends to increase in midlife. B) Dramatic changes in sexual activity among couples are very common in midlife. C) Couples who have sex often in early adulthood tend to see a dramatic drop in midlife. D) The best predictor of sexual frequency in midlife is relationship satisfaction. Answer: D

D) The best predictor of sexual frequency in midlife is relationship satisfaction.

48. Merrill has a buildup of plaque in his coronary arteries, which encircle his heart and provide its muscles with oxygen and nutrients. Merrill has __________. A) arrhythmia B) angina pectoris C) arterial thrombosis D) atherosclerosis Answer: D

D) atherosclerosis

12. Lester is approaching age 50. He can anticipate an accumulation of fat in which areas of his body? A) face and legs B) lower abdomen and face C) waist and upper arms D) back and upper abdomen Answer: D

D) back and upper abdomen

9. As we age, __________. A) fibers in the dermis thicken B) fat in the hypodermis increases C) the epidermis becomes more firmly attached to the dermis D) cells in both the epidermis and dermis decline in water content Answer: D

D) cells in both the epidermis and dermis decline in water content

89. Some theorists believe that a general slowing of __________ underlies nearly all age-related declines in cognitive performance. A) processing speed B) synaptic connections C) verbal and emotional IQ D) central nervous system functioning Answer: D

D) central nervous system functioning

79. Most cognitive aging research has focused on intellectual __________. A) stability B) gains C) competence D) deficits Answer: D

D) deficits

85. In one study involving 2,500 mentally and physically healthy 16- to 85-year-olds, verbal IQ began to decline in the __________. A) twenties B) forties C) sixties D) eighties Answer: D

D) eighties

27. Talia, who has not had a hysterectomy, has a family history of cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. To help alleviate her hot flashes, Talia should consider __________. A) hormone replacement therapy (HRT) B) postmenopausal surgery (PMS) C) estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) D) gabapentin, a migraine-headache medication Answer: D

D) gabapentin, a migraine-headache medication

71. Chrissy regards most experiences as controllable. She displays a committed approach to daily activities and views change as a normal part of life and a chance for personal growth. Chrissy fits the pattern of a __________ individual. A) Type A B) Type B C) pessimistic D) hardy Answer: D

D) hardy

64. Effective emotion-focused coping __________. A) reduces emotional distress B) is largely self-blaming C) tends to be impulsive or escapist D) helps people face problems more calmly Answer: D

D) helps people face problems more calmly

94. On both simple and complex reaction-time tasks, response time __________. A) decreases gradually from the early forties into the nineties B) remains the same throughout the lifespan C) increases slowly from the forties to the sixties D) increases steadily from the early twenties into the nineties Answer: D

D) increases steadily from the early twenties into the nineties

76. People often rate middle-aged women as __________ than middle-aged men. A) less emotional B) more confident C) more versatile D) less attractive Answer: D

D) less attractive

2. Saul, age 62, has an eye condition. Its name literally means "old eyes." Saul has __________.

D) presbyopia

82. Intelligence test items reflecting fluid abilities include __________. A) vocabulary B) general information C) verbal comprehension D) spatial visualization Answer: D

D) spatial visualization

56. People with __________ are more likely to be affected by osteoporosis. A) obesity B) longer bones C) a diet rich in vitamin D D) thin, small-framed bodies Answer: D

D) thin, small-framed bodies