human geography agriculture repeat questions
Which of the following explains why multiple early hearths of domestication and diffusion of plants and animals arose across the world in Central America, the Fertile Crescent, the Indus River valley, and Southeast Asia?
Domestication of plants and animals evolved in each hearth independently of one another as societies in each area learned and applied the process to local plants and animals.
Since the mid-twentieth century, wheat production has risen dramatically in some regions of the world but not others, which may increase the uneven development among countries. Which statement best explains the increase in wheat production in Europe and the United States compared to sub-Saharan Africa?
Farmers in Europe and the United States use high-yield seeds and other technology but farmers in sub-Saharan Africa depend on low levels of mechanization and non-genetically modified seeds.
Which of the following best explains the potential impact of rising global temperatures on agricultural regions?
The wheat belt will shift northward.
hich of the following correctly explains the relationship between wheat and its early hearth of domestication?
Wheat was first domesticated in Mesopotamia because of a favorable climate and a great diversity of wild grains that led to crossbreeding of seeds.
the industrialization and mechanization of agriculture in the United States during the past 70 years have resulted in...
a decrease in the number of farms and an increase in the size of farms
hich of the following best explains the diffusion of plants and animals from their hearths of domestication?
Both domesticated plants and animals spread across the globe through contagious diffusion in early years by farmers and traders, and later by relocation diffusion through European exploration and colonialism.
Which of the following best explains the differences between countries with higher and lower percentages of women working in agriculture?
Countries with large percentages of female employment in agriculture tend to be mostly rural and are reliant on subsistence agriculture.
Which of the following scenarios best explains the Columbian Exchange?
Domesticated animals such as cattle, horses, pigs, and chickens were introduced to the Americas by European colonizers. Prior to this, very few animals had been domesticated in the Americas.
Which of the following best compares a technological consequence of the Green Revolution in more developed and less developed countries?
Farmers in less developed countries were able to increase their profits from growing and exporting high-yield grain to levels similar to those in more developed countries.
More developed countries tend to have greater access to agricultural technology and government-supported loans used to purchase computerized farm equipment. Which of the following best explains the significance of access to these resources?
Government financing and improved technology lead to larger economies of scale and improved efficiency.
The two images each show a different form of beef production. Which of the following statements explains a primary difference between the agricultural practices?
Image 1 shows traditional beef production, which has regained popularity because of perceived environmental and ethical benefits compared to the beef production shown in Image 2.
The images show examples of agricultural technology developed during different time periods. Which of the following statements is best supported by the images?
Image 2 shows an innovation that occurred in the Second Agricultural Revolution, reducing the amount of labor needed and increasing crop yields.
Using the data shown, which of the following best explains the spatial variations of rural women's roles in food production and food preparation?
In less developed countries, females and males tend to participate equally in harvesting and preparation tasks.
Which of the following best explains the significance of a similarity among locations where olives, figs, grapes and lemons are grown?
Intensive agriculture is practiced in a Mediterranean climate.
Which of the following correctly compares the significance of the different technologies shown in the images
Invention of the plow eased the intensive use of labor, and the innovation of mechanized farm equipment led to improved food production.
Which of the following best explains how irrigated commercial agriculture in arid environments creates both environmental opportunities and challenges?
Irrigation increases production but potentially depletes water resources.
Which the following best explains the spatial patterns illustrated in Von Thunen's model
Labor-intensive farming of vegetables is done in small-scale plots in market gardens, while extensive grain crops are grown in large-scale fields far from the market town.
Based on the map above, which of the following best explains the production of lettuce in the United States?
Lettuce production in the United States is an example of commercial farming. Most lettuce is produced, processed, and packaged for sale in supermarkets that are a significant distance from where the product was grown.
Which of the following best explains the importance of climate to agricultural practices?
Midlatitude climates tend to support similar agricultural crops and practices, such as wheat farming in the United States and China.
Based on von Thünen's model of rural land use, which of the following explains the location of agricultural practice A or B relative to the market?
Practice A represents intensive land use, requires a smaller parcel of land, and can afford higher land costs found closer to the market.
During the Green Revolution, agricultural practices from more developed countries diffused to less developed countries in Asia and Africa. Which of the following best explains the Green Revolution's highly variable level of success in increasing agricultural yields?
Small-scale farmers in Asia often lacked the resources necessary to acquire the hybrid seeds and the chemical inputs to grow them, leaving large gaps in the success of the Green Revolution outside of urban cores.
Green Revolution technology has resulted in which of the following in modernagriculture?
The development of high-yield grains and the expansion of cultivated areas
The two images show an agricultural transition that occurred in the twentieth century. Which of the following best explains how this transition helped meet a challenge of contemporary agriculture?
The increased crop yield produced more food for a growing global urban and industrial population.
Physiological Density
The number of people per unit area of arable land
Commercial agriculture in dry climates relies heavily on irrigation. Which of the following best explains an environmental concern that results from irrigation in arid regions?
The soil will have increased salinity, leading to soil erosion and reduced nutrients in the soil for plant health.
The industrialization and mechanization of agriculture in the United States during the past 70 years have resulted in
a decrease in the number of farms and an increase in the size of farms
what are the four agricultural hearths in the world
southwest asia, sub-saharan africa,
Production of agricultural products destined primarily for direct consumption by the producer rather than for market is called
subsistence agriculture
production of agricultural products destined primarily for direct consumption by the producer rather than for the market is
subsistence agriculture
the third agriculture revolution is also known as
the green revolution
The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures.
transhumance
The long-lot system results in population clustered along a waterway, whereas the metes-and-bounds system results in a random, dispersed population pattern
w
Township and range: unit-block field patterns with dispersed farmsteads and occasional villages
w
Sheep production in New Zealand and poultry production in Arkansas produce food animals for human consumption. Which of the following best describes the differences in the agricultural practices and land use for these products?
Sheep production is an example of extensive agriculture requiring large pastures, whereas poultry production is an example of intensive agriculture often practiced indoors.
In the South Asian country of Sri Lanka, tea is farmed as a monoculture. Which of the following best explains why tea plantations are common in Sri Lanka and tea exports are important to the country's economy?
Tea plantations were established in Sri Lanka by a former European colonial power
Which of the following statements best explains fair trade agriculture as shown for the products on the map?
A system where consumers in mostly more developed countries purchase goods from producers mainly in less developed countries, with the intent to reduce the disparity in income between different regions
commercial agriculture integrated with the food-processing industry, usually through ownership of large corporations, mostly found in MDCs
agribusiness
raising fish in ponds and underwater cages for human consumption
aquaculture
Where is coffee grown?
between the tropic of Cancer and Capricorn. Africa, Indonesia, South America, Ethiopia etc.
the two most widely traded commodities on a global scale today are..
coffee and oil
large-scale farming, mostly in MDCs, focused on raising one the of crop or animal to sell for a profit
commercial agriculture
A form of commercial farming which focuses on the development, distribution and sale of milk, cheese and butter.
dairy farming
what was the first agricultural revolution?
domestication of plants and animals -change from hunting and gathering
When was agriculture developed?
10,000 years ago
what agricultural revolution introduced GMO's?
3rd
Which of the following activities is most likely to be found in the outermost zone of von Thünen's model of agricultural land use?
Extensive grain or stock raising
Which of the following best explains how a wheat farmer in the Northern Plains region of the United States is able to maximize profits?
Grain farming is an extensive farming practice that can maximize profits in part by lower land costs, lower transportation costs, and imperishability of the product.
A typical grocery store in the United States may sell oranges grown primarily in California during part of the year and oranges grown primarily in South Africa during a different part of the year. Which of the following explains why oranges are available year-round in the United States?
Grocery stores sell oranges that are grown in locations with similar climates but different growing seasons.
Which of the following best explains the farming practice related to plantation agriculture?
Plantation farming is considered to be an intensive farming practice because it requires large inputs of labor and capital to produce the crop.
Which of the following explains an economic benefit of cattle production using feedlots rather than grass pastures?
Raising cattle in feedlots requires more time to fatten cattle but results in lower-fat beef that is desirable to many consumers.
Which of the following explains the prevalence of banana plantations in Central America?
Banana plants were brought to Central America from Southeast Asia to be grown closer to markets in the United States and Canada.
Which of the following best explains a negative economic consequence of the Green Revolution in less developed countries as compared to more developed countries?
Because of the increased capital investment required to produce new crop varieties using technology that was pioneered in more developed countries, there was an increase in wealth disparity in many farming communities in less developed countries.
Which of the following best explains the significance of similarities between the farming practices for apple orchards and grape vineyards?
Both farming practices require considerable labor input because the fruit is picked by hand, making it a product of intensive agriculture.
Which of the following spatial patterns is best explained by bid-rent theory?
Concentric rings of different agricultural activities surrounding a city in the midwestern United States
The Green Revolution led to an increase in food production in many places around the world, but there have been some negative consequences. Which of the following explains one of the negative consequences of the Green Revolution that would be of greater concern for people in developing countries than for people in more-developed countries?
The Green Revolution led to an increase in food production in many places around the world, but there have been some negative consequences. Which of the following explains one of the negative consequences of the Green Revolution that would be of greater concern for people in developing countries than for people in more-developed countries?
Agriculture is practiced at the local scale, and agricultural yields are measured at the national scale. Which of the following best explains why the concept of the global system of agriculture is helpful to geographers?
The concept helps geographers simplify and visualize a vast and complicated global supply chain.
The images shown illustrate the differences in scale of production for two methods of producing thread. Which of the following best describes advances in the production of textiles during the Second Agricultural Revolution and the Industrial Revolution?
The conversion from manual thread spinning to an industrial processing approach led to increased demand for raw cotton in the agricultural sector.
Which of the following best explains patterns of subsistence and commercial agriculture in West African countries such as Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire?
While some farmers are engaged in subsistence agriculture practices, there is significant commercial farming focused on luxury goods for export, such as coffee and cocoa.
a negative impact of industrial/commerical agriculture is
increased water and air pollution
the second agriculture revolution coincided with the
industrial revolution
what is it called when a society relies heavily on one type of crop?
monoculture
A large piece of agricultural land devoted to the production of a single export crop, often a luxury crop.
plantation
In 2017, the United States exported approximately $500 million of beef to Mexico, and Mexico exported approximately $500 million of beef to the United States. Which of the following best explains this international supply chain?
United States and Mexican producers rely on each other's market to sell certain beef products.
Slash-and-burn cultivation is an agricultural practice used by subsistence farmers in tropical forest areas. Which of the following best explains an environmental effect of this practice?
Air pollution and long-term land-cover change are side effects of slash-and-burn agriculture that have a long-ranging effect on a broader region.
Which of the following best explains why in the model the amount of land used for dairying is much smaller than the pasture used for beef cattle?
Dairy cows must be kept close to farmhouses, as they require daily milking, and milk must be produced close to consumers, as it is highly perishable.