HVAC

What is The Montreal Protocol

A conference that was held in canada in 1987 to attempt to solve the problems of released refrigerants

What is A non pressurize recovery container

A non pressurize recovery container is a recovery cylinder that must be clean, empty and in a vacuum of about 1000 microns before recovery is started.

What is a quick Couple or quick Connect ?

A quick Couple or quick Connect is a valve located at the end of a hose that hold the refrigerant in the hose when disconnected to help reduce refrigerant loss.

Which refrigerants contribute to global warming

All refrigerants contribute to global warming; only some do it indirect like HFC's and HC's whereas other CFC's and HCFC's contribute directly

What is the difference between Azeotropes and near azeotropes

Azeotropes are a blended refrigerants of two or more mixtures. When mixed together they behave like R12 or R22 when phase changing from a liquid to a vapor. Only one boiling point or one condensing point exists for each given system pressure. Near- Azeotropic / zeo tropic (to a greater extent) experience a temperature glide. Temperature glide occurs when a mixture has many temperatures when it evaporates or condenses at a given pressure.

What is a CFC

CFC's contain chlorine fluorine and carbon molecules and are considered the most damaging refrigerants to the stratosphere. They have a very stable chemical structure and a long life when exposed to the atmosphere. This allows them to blow up to the stratosphere by atmospherically winds and react with ozone molecules and cause destruction.

Why are CFC more harmful to the stratosphere than HCFCs

CFC's have no hydrogen which makes them a stable compound when compared to HCFC which have hydrogen an chlorine. Hydrogen is unstable and tends to break down faster.

What federal agency must approve containers?

Department of transportation

What is direct and indirect cause of global warming

Direct global warming is the effect cause by a refrigerant leaking to the environment which gets caught in the lower atmosphere and causes a greenhouse effect where as indirect global warming is cause by the refrigerant leak causing longer system run time which needs more electrical power to run, and el. Power is made from fossil fuels and other substances that also contribute to global warming

What agency of government is charged with implementing the US clean air act amendments of 1990?

EPA

What is a GWP

GWP's are given to refrigerant that cause a direct effect of global warming, chemicals that are emitted directly into the atmosphere. Direct effects of global warming are measured by comparing them to CO2, which has an GWP of 1

What is Global Warming

Global Warming is the increase in the natural greenhouse effect that leads to heating of the earth

Describe the difference between good and bad ozone

Good Ozone like the stratosphere protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun, Bad Ozone, Like the Troposphere is considered unwanted ozone because it is a pollutant .

What is a HC

HC's are the fourth group of refrigerants that are not commonly used because they are flammable. They are made up of Hydrogen and Carbon atoms and the have a 0 ODP. They do however contribute to Global Warming. A small percent of HC refrigerants are use in refrigerators and are not flammable when mixed in such small percentages. Some Popular HC's are Propane, Butane, Methane, and Ethane.

What is a HCFC

HCFC's are the second group of refrigerants that are commonly used. These refrigerants contain hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine and carbon. These refrigerants tend to have a much smaller ozone depletion because the hydrogen in the compound makes them less stable in the atmosphere, releasing the chlorine before it reaches and reacts with the ozone in the stratosphere.

Do HFC contribute to global warming and do they damage the ozone layer?

HFC do not damage the ozone layer but still contribute to global warming

Which refrigerants have a 0 ODP

HFC's and HC have an ozone depletion Potential of 0

What is a HFC

HFC's are the third group of refrigerants that contain no chlorine atoms and will not deplete the earths protective ozone layer. HFC's are made up of Hydrogen, Fluorine, and Carbon atoms. HFC's have a 0 Ozone Depletion (ODP) and a small Global Warming Potential. HFC's are said to be the long-term replacement for CFC's and HCFC's.

Explain ozone depletion resulting from CFC molecules in the air

Once a CFC molecule is in the stratosphere , Ultraviolet radiation will break off a chlorine atom ( Cl ) from the CFC or HCFC molecule. The chlorine atom can destroy up to 100,000 ozone molecules. The depletion of Ozone lets more UV-B radiation reach the earth witch causes an increase in skin cancer and an increase in the frequency of cataracts in humans and animals, a weakening in the human immune system and a decrease in plant and marina life.

What is the difference between the Oxygen we breath and the ozone in the earths stratosphere

Ozone is a form of oxygen, with each molecule consisting of three atoms of oxygen O3 , The oxygen we breath contains two atoms, O2

What is passive and active recovery

Passive recovery is when the technician uses the internal pressures of the system or the system compressor to aid in that recovery process Active recovery is when a recovery machine is used.

What is The difference between an ODP and GWP

The difference between an ODP and GWP is: Not every refrigerant has an ODP, The ODP is a number given to a refrigerant that says how strong a refrigerant causes ozone depletion in the stratosphere, whereas all refrigerant have a GWP, CFC HCFC and HFC as well as CO2 water vapor and may other chemicals absorb reflect and refract the earths infrared radiation and prevent it from escaping the lower atmosphere.

What is The standard that a refrigerant must meet after it has been reclaimed and can be sold to another customer i?

The standard that a refrigerant must meet after it has been reclaimed and can be sold to another customer is ARI 700

What are the three most popular oils

The three most popular synthetic oils are Polyol ester (POE) Mineral oils and Polyalkylene glycol (PAG) OILs

What is TEWI

The total equivalent warming impact (TEWI) takes into consideration both the direct and indirect global warming effects of refrigerants.

Are federal excise taxes on reclaimed refrigerants the same as those for new refrigerants?

There is no tax on reclaimed refrigerants, like there are federal takes on new refrigerants.

What is meant to Recover a system

To Recover means to remove refrigerant in any condition from a system and store it in an external container without necessarily testing it or processing it in any way.

What is meant to recycle a system

To Recycle means to clean the refrigerant by oil separation, and single or multiple passes through devices such as replaceable core filter driers witch reduce moisture, acidity and particulate matter.

What is meant to reclaim a system

To reclaim means to process refrigerant to new product specifications by means which may include distillation. It will require chemical analyze of the refrigerant to determine that appropriate product specifications are met. This term usually implies the use of process or procedures available only at a reprocessing or manufacturing facility.

What are Two types of piercing valves and what are the advantages and disadvantages ?

Two types of piercing valves are a gasket type and a solder on type. The gasket type can be use to quicly pierce a pipe but they should be removed when the service is done because the gasket can leak over time. The solder type is permanently soldered into the system. Disadvantage, the system must be emptied to applie this, advantage. No leaks when its applied and will not have to be removed.