HW #13
Control is maintained in a nuclear reactor by control rods that
absorb excess neutrons
Relative to a fossil-fuel plant, a nuclear power plant produces
all of these( more electricity. less heat and smoke. less pollution)
The energy output of a typical nuclear reactor is via
all of these(heating water to form steam. directing steam to a turbine. spinning a turbine to generate electricity.)
The disadvantages to fission power plants include
all of these(radioactive waste disposal. production of plutonium for possible weapons proliferation. risk of accidental release of radioactivity)
Radium (Atomic number = 88) transmutes to radon (Atomic number = 86) by
alpha emission.
A nuclear power plant is very similar to
any conventional power plant, but with uranium as fuel.
Energy released by the Sun results from the process wherein atomic nuclei
combine
When two light atoms fuse together, mass (choose all that apply)
converts to high-energy gamma radiation, converts to kinetic energy
Carbon-14 is produced in the atmosphere principally by
cosmic-ray bombardment.
In the fissioning of uranium, a chain reaction is caused by
ejected neutrons.
Nuclear reactors that produce consumer power in present times are powered by
fission
What does a breeder reactor "breed?"
fissionable isotopes from a non-fissionable isotopes
The nuclear process having by-products with least radioactivity is
fusion
Plutonium is extremely rare in natural ore deposits because it
has a short half-life compared with the age of Earth.
The balance between electrical and nuclear strong forces is more tenuous in
heavier elements.
The nucleus that has the least mass per nucleon is
iron
Compared with the sum of isolated-nucleon masses, their collective mass in a composite nucleus is
less
Compared with the mass of a uranium nucleus before splitting, the split fragments have
less mass.
Compared with the energy produced by fissioning a gram of uranium, the energy produced by fusing a gram of deuterium is
more
A chain reaction progresses when the average number of liberated neutrons that cause further fissions is
one or more.
The kinetic energy of fission fragments in a nuclear reactor
superheats water and produces steam
The term critical mass refers to the least amount of mass that can
sustain a chain reaction
Sustained energy output by fusion is a daily occurrence in
the Sun