IHAC test 2.2
Allen Dulles described Patrice Lumumba as an African _______
Fidel Castro
on Oct. 11, 1963, Kennedy formalized his commitment to withdraw US troops from Vietnam by the end of 1965 in National Security Memorandum #___
263
two days after assuming office, LBJ reversed JFK's earlier NSAM by issuing National Security Action Memorandum # ___, which allowed for the US to carry out covert operations against North Vietnam
273
who did JFK famously fire?
Allen Dulles
a CIA-backed plan to oust Sukarno was exposed in 1958 when ________ was captured after his plane was shot down
Allen Pope
at what university did Kennedy call for an end to the Cold War stating that "We all breathe the same air. We all cherish our children's future. And we are all human"?
American University
in 1955, Sukarno launched the non-aligned movement by hosting the leaders of twenty-nine Asian and African nations at the ________ conference
Bandung
who did LBJ defeat in the 1964 presidential race by running as the peace candidate?
Barry Goldwater
in 1964, the CIA overthrew the democratically elected government of Joao Goulart in the country of ________
Brazil
what country do S&K describe as "perhaps the most strategically significant country in Latin America"?
Brazil
the ______ staged incidents to mislead the public into believing that North Vietnam was instigating the southern insurgency
CIA
during the Vietnam War, the CIA ran Operation ________, which illegally surveilled anti-war activists
Chaos
after the CMC, Khrushchev urged the US to recognize _______ at the UN
China
from Okinawa, the US during the CMC was poised to attack ________ with hydrogen bombs
China
who replaced Robert McNamara as Secretary of Defense on March 1, 1968?
Clark Clifford
Ambassador to India John Kenneth Galbraith said that "foreign policy was still with the _______ people"
Council on Foreign Relations
in an interview, JFK said "there is no country in the world where economic colonization, humiliation, and exploitation were worse than in ________"
Cuba
running as a hawk in 1960, JFK criticized Eisenhower's policy toward ________
Cuba
in 1965, LBJ sent 25,000 marines to the Latin American nation of ________ to shore up a military regime
Dominican Republic
Nikita Khrushchev had a lot in common with ________
Dwight Eisenhower
who was placed in charge of Operation Mongoose?
Edward Lansdale
the 1955 "Manifesto" warning of possible human extinction from nuclear weapons was named after which two of its famous signatories?
Einstein Russell Manifesto
during the CMC, JFK ignored advice from former President _________ that he take stronger military action against Cuba
Eisenhower
upon learning of the JFK assassination, ________ said, "watch and see. I know them, they will try and put the blame on us for this thing."
Fidel Castro
after the 1957-58 coup plot failed, ________- the CIA's Director of Plans- went insane and underwent six months of electroshock therapy
Frank Wisner
Walter Lippman compared Eisenhower's farewell address to that of ______
George Washington
the CIA's ________ made plans to assassinate Sukarno in the 1950s
Health Alteration Committee
Ambassador ________ stated that "from Vietnam, large storehouses of wealth and population can be influenced and undermined"
Henry Cabot Lodge
JFK's father had his ambassadorship cut short due to his policy toward _______
Hitler
said the US-backed leader of South Vietnam, Nguyen Cao Ky: "People ask me who my heroes are. I only have one: ________"
Hitler
since he was opposed to escalation in Vietnam, ________ was excluded from National Security Council Meetings
Hubert Humphrey
in August 1957, the Soviet Union successfully tested the first _____
ICBM
reports of a US "missile gap" with the Soviet Union were exploited by _______
JFK
who said, "when you consider things like the CIA's support to the 1958 rebellion, Sukarno's frequently anti-American attitude is understandable"
JFK
what journalist did JFK use as a back channel to communicate with Castro?
Jean Daniel
Brazil's elected leader ________ was ousted by US-backed forces after he recognized Cuba, pushed for land reform, and sought foreign capital controls
Joao Goulart
what US official defended nuclear brinkmanship, arguing that it had thwarted Communist aggression in Korea, Indochina, and the Formosa Strait?
John Foster Dulles
at the CIA, JFK fired Allen Dulles and replaced him with ________
John McCone
who was the commander of US forces in Vietnam from 1964-68?
John Westmoreland
surprisingly, ________ was an old Kennedy family friend
Joseph McCarthy
the US marines were fighting against a popular uprising that sought to restore constitutional order by returning to the democratically elected ________ to power
Juan Bosch
in late January 1968, the Vietnamese began an assault on ________. shortly after, the NLF surprised the Americans when they began ________
Khe Sanh -- the Tet Offensive
against the wishes of his military brass, Kennedy refused to commit US troops to the South East Nation of _____
Laos
under LBJ, US-Latin American policy went from the Alliance for Progress to the ________
Mann Doctrine
National Security Advisor ________, was the first applicant to get perfect scores on all three Yale entrance exams
McGeorge Bundy
on October 2, 1963, JFK received _________'s report calling for withdraw from Vietnam beginning in 1963 and ending in 1965
McNamara and Taylor
in Eisenhower's farewell speech, he warned of the growing power of the ____________
Military Industrial Complex
of JFK's blockade, General LeMay said, "this is almost as bad as ________"
Munich
in response to Soviet advances, the Eisenhower administration unleashed former _______ Werher von Braun
Nazi
what Republican presidential candidate was attacking JFK as being soft on Communism in 1962, saying "the foundations of our safety are being sapped"
Nelson Rockefeller
what late 1950s novel raised public opposition to nuclear weapons?
On the Beach
what was the name of the JFK-approved terror campaign against Cuba?
Operation Mongoose
what was the name of the anti-Cuba CIA terror campaign launched in 1961?
Operation Mongoose
in order to provide a pretext for military action against Cuba, the Joint Chiefs approved what operation (which included staging a "Remember the Maine!" incident)?
Operation Northwoods
the plans to fabricate a pretext to allow a full-scale invasion of Cuba:
Operation Northwoods
what large exercise which included a mock invasion of a Caribbean island was cancelled due to the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Operation Ortsac
LBJ's massive bombing campaign against North Vietnam
Operation Rolling Thunder
the ________ was Indonesia's Communist Party
PKI
what treaty did JFK pass in 1963?
Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
in June 1967, McNamara had Leslie Gelb begin compiling a top-secret history of the Vietnam War which came to be known as ________
Pentagon Papers
tens of thousands of Vietnamese were assassinated in what program?
Phoenix Program
in 1958, the US announced ________, a grandiose plan to use atomic explosions for planetary excavation
Project Plowshare
in 1958, the Eisenhower administration threatened nuclear attack during a conflict over ______
Quemoy and Matsu
what magazine revealed in March of 1967 that the CIA had been secretly funding seemingly liberal organizations such as the National Student Association, professors, and labor leaders at home and abroad?
Ramparts
what was the nickname of the man that LBJ chose as DCI following McCone's retirement?
Red Radbone
Johnson's DCI ________ failed to prove Communist involvement in the Antiwar movement
Richard Helms
who did JFK send to negotiate a secret settlement to the CMC?
Robert F. Kennedy
what famous poet participated in JFK's inauguration?
Robert Frost
what New York Senator emerged as the peace and social justice candidate for president in 1968, before being assassinated by another "lone nut"?
Robert Kennedy
who described US policy in Latin America by saying, "you can close down newspapers, abolish congress, jail religious opposition and you'll get lots of help, but if you fool around with a US oil company, you'll get cut off without a penny"?
Robert Kennedy
what two famous officials questioned the lone nut theory of the JFK assassination?
Robert Kennedy & Lyndon Johnson (& Governor John Connally)
JFK's Secretary of Defense was the computerlike ___________
Robert McNamara
the Secretary of Defense under Kennedy was former Ford Motor Company Executive _________
Robert McNamara
in August of 1960 Eisenhower approved _______- a plan to deploy nuclear weapons in a massive strike against USSR and China
SIOP
Kennedy said, "it could happen here... if there were another Bay of Pigs, the military would almost feel that it was their patriotic obligation to stand ready to preserve the nation" referring to the military coup scenario in the film ___________
Seven Days in May
what was the name of the first artificial satellite launched into orbit around the Earth?
Sputnik
in 1965, with US assistance, Indonesian President Sukarno was overthrown by General ________. how many Indonesians were killed in the accompanying massacre?
Suharto -- 500k-2mil
to resolve the CMC, the Soviets wanted the US to remove nuclear weapons from _________. the nukes in question were ________ Missiles
Turkey -- Jupiter
the Cuban exiles landed on Cuba in seven ships- two of which belonged to ________
United Fruit Company
at "the most dangerous moment in human history", who prevented a nuclear strike, perhaps saving the world?
Vasili Arkhipov
where did Kennedy resist sending ground troops, saying that "It's like taking a drink. The effect wears off and you have to take another"?
Vietnam
JFK worried that if the US intervened militarily in Cuba, the Soviets would move against _______
West Berlin
who was the first person to orbit the Earth?
Yuri Gagarin
JFK revealed to a number of confidants that he would withdraw from Vietnam ___________
after his re-election
"Don't publicly threat Sukarno like a spoiled child refusing him any more candy unless he's a good boy because Sukarno has no choice but to say, 'to hell with your ________'"
aid
JFK: "victory has a hundred fathers and defeat is ______"
an orphan
on 7/25/63, the US, USSR, and UK agreed on a treaty banning _____________
atmospheric nuclear testing
the Kennedy administration was staffed with establishment insiders, leading David Halberstam to ironically describe them as ____________
the best and the brightest
said the President of the United States: "F*ck your parliament and your ________"
constitution
in his 1963 "Peace Speech", Kennedy said that "if we cannot now end our differences, at least we can help make the world safe for ________"
diversity
JFK called for a cooperative program with the Soviets that would ____________
end the space race
on July 20, 1962, security officials reported to JFK that a surprise attack against the USSR could be launched ________
in December of 1963
puzzled by Soviet actions, JFK said "it's just as if we suddenly put [missiles] _________"
in Turkey
unknown by the US, what did the Soviets already have in Cuba?
missiles
in August of 1961, Khrushchev angered JFK by resuming ________
nuclear testing
in order to restore US prestige, US officials contemplated detonating an atom bomb _______
on the moon
in January of 1962, RFK told John McCone that the top US priority was _________
overthrowing Castro
what was JFK's euphemism for the blockade of Cuba?
quarantine
the Soviets liked to draw attention to America's problems with ______
race relations
during the CMC, JFK told a young female companion "I'd rather my children be _____ than dead"
red
Khrushchev described Berlin as "the ______ of the West"
testicles
the fateful events of 1965 were set in motion when Indonesian junior military officers killed six generals whom they accused of plotting a coup backed by ________
the CIA
what did JFK vow to "shatter [...] into a thousand pieces and scatter to the winds"?
the CIA
who was LBJ talking about when he said, "you work hard and get a good program or policy going, and they swing a shit-smeared tail through it"?
the CIA
Kennedy told two friends that he planned to be the first president to visit ________
the Soviet Union
Allen Dulles boasted that ______ allowed him "to get a look at every blade of grass in the Soviet Union"
the U2
after leaving as Secretary of Defense, Robert McNamara moved to the top position at ________
the World Bank
after hearing about plans for a full-scale preemptive nuclear attack, JFK said "and we call ourselves ___________"
the human race
Kennedy announced in 1963 that he was ready to abandon ________
the space race
at what Arthur Schlesinger called "the most dangerous moment in human history," the Soviets nearly attacked the US with a nuclear __________
torpedo
when Daniel Ellsberg asked RFK why the president was so smart when his advisors were still committed to winning, RFK said "Because we _____ _____!"
were there