Image Analysis Chapter 3 Quiz
A right PA oblique chest projection (RAO position) with poor positioning demonstrates almost equal lung fields on both sides of the vertebral column and nine posterior ribs above the diaphragm. How could the positioning setup be adjusted for an optimal image to be obtained? 1. Take the exposure after the second full inspiration. 2. Increase the degree of patient obliquity. 3. Decrease the degree of patient obliquity. 4. Move the IR and central ray inferiorly.
1 and 2
For a PA chest projection with accurate positioning, the 1. SID is set at 72 inches (183 cm). 2. shoulders are positioned at equal distances from the IR. 3. upper midcoronal plane is tilted slightly toward the IR. 4. elbows and shoulders are rotated posteriorly
1 and 2
For a lateral neonatal or infant chest projection, the 1. neonate or infant remains supine. 2. neonate or infant is elevated on a radiolucent sponge. 3. central ray is centered to the mammary line. 4. humeri are positioned at a 90-degree angle with the chest.
1 and 2
For an upright AP abdomen projection, the 1. ASISs are positioned at equal distances from the IR. 2. patient remains in an upright position at least 5 to 15 minutes before the image is obtained. 3. symphysis pubis should be included. 4. patient is instructed to take a deep inspiration before the image is obtained.
1 and 2
Voluntary motion can 1. result from patient breathing 2. be controlled by using a short exposure time 3. result from peristaltic activity 4. be identified as sharp bony cortices and blurry gastric and intestinal gases
1 and 2
An AP axial chest projection (lordotic position) with poor positioning demonstrates the clavicles within the lung apices. How should the positioning setup be adjusted for an optimal image to be obtained? 1. Increase the degree of cephalic central ray angulation. 2. Anteriorly rotate the elbows and shoulders. 3. Arch the patient's back more, increasing the midcoronal plane to IR angle. 4. Position the patient's feet closer to the IR.
1 and 3
An AP neonatal or infant chest projection that demonstrates an excessive lordotic appearance 1. may have been obtained with the central ray centered too superiorly 2. will also demonstrate downwardly projecting anterior ribs 3. will also demonstrate horizontally appearing posterior ribs 4. may have been obtained with a perpendicular central ray
1 and 3
How should the technique be adjusted from the routine for an AP abdomen projection (lateral decubitus position) in a patient with ascites or a bowel obstruction 1. Increase the mAs 30% to 50% 2. Decrease the mAs 30% to 50% 3. Increase the kVp 5% to 8% 4. Decrease the kVp 5% to 8%
1 and 3
A mobile AP chest projection obtained with the central ray angled caudally demonstrates 1. vertically contoured ribs. 2. the manubrium projected superior to the fourth thoracic vertebra. 3. less than 1 inch (2.5 cm) of the apices above the clavicles. 4. vertical clavicles.
1 and 4
An AP neonatal chest projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1. the right and left side inferior posterior ribs at equal lengths 2. upwardly projecting anterior ribs 3. at least nine posterior ribs above the diaphragm 4. the chin superior to the airway
1 and 4
For an AP abdominal projection (lateral decubitus position 1. the right hemidiaphragm and iliac wing must be included to demonstrate intraperitoneal air 2. position the shoulders and the ASISs at equal distances from the IR 3. obtain the exposure on expiration 4. position the patient's right side adjacent to the imaging table or cart
1, 2 , 3
A supine AP abdomen projection with accurate positioning demonstrates the 1. outline of the psoas major muscles and kidneys. 2. symphysis pubis. 3. spinous processes aligned with the midline of the vertebral bodies. 4. long axis of the vertebral column aligned with the long axis of the collimated field.
1, 2, 3, 4
An AP axial chest projection (lordotic position) with accurate positioning demonstrates 1. the medial ends of the clavicles projected superior to the lung apices. 2. the lateral borders of the scapulae within the lung field. 3. equal distances from the vertebral column to the SC joints. 4. almost horizontal posterior and anterior portions of the first through fourth ribs.
1, 3, 4
For an AP chest projection obtained with a mobile x-ray unit, 1. the IR is positioned parallel with the midcoronal plane. 2. the image is obtained without the use of a grid. 3. the manubrium is superimposed over the fourth thoracic vertebra. 4. 10 or 11 posterior ribs are demonstrated above the diaphragm.
1,2, 3
A left lateral chest projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1. no humeral soft tissue in the lung field. 2. no more than a total of 0.5 inch (1 cm) of space between the posterior and/or anterior ribs. 3. the right hemidiaphragm inferior to the left hemidiaphragm. 4. the hemidiaphragms inferior to the eleventh thoracic vertebra.
1,2, 4
Heart penetration on an AP chest projection 1. is obtained by increasing the kVp. 2. results in a lower contrast image. 3. is required when apparatuses located at the mediastinal region are of interest. 4. results in a decrease in scatter radiation reaching the IR.
1,2,3
On inhalation the lungs expand: 1. vertically. 2. transversely. 3. anteroposteriorly.
1,2,3
A PA chest projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1. 10 or 11 posterior ribs above the diaphragm. 2. equal posterior rib length on both sides of the chest. 3. the manubrium superimposed by the fourth thoracic vertebra. 4. the scapulae outside the lung field.
1,2,3,4
A supine AP abdomen projection obtained with the patient in an LPO position demonstrates 1. the sacrum and coccyx aligned with the symphysis pubis 2. a distance from the pedicles to the spinous processes that is narrower on the right side than on the left side 3. the sacrum rotated toward the patient's right side 4. the symphysis pubis rotated toward the patient's right side
2 and 3
For a left lateral chest projection with accurate positioning, the 1. SID is set at 40 inches (102 cm). 2. humeri are positioned up and vertically. 3. shoulders, posterior ribs, and posterior pelvic wings are aligned perpendicular to the image receptor (IR). 4. midsagittal plane is aligned perpendicular to the IR.
2 and 3
A PA chest projection with poor positioning demonstrates the scapulae in the lung field and elevated lateral clavicular ends. How should the patient be repositioned for an optimal projection to be obtained? 1. Tilt the upper midcoronal plane away from the IR. 2. Depress the shoulders. 3. Coax the patient into a deeper inspiration. 4. Anteriorly rotate the shoulders and elbows.
2 and 4
Air-fluid levels on an AP chest projection 1. demonstrate an increase in density where the fluid is present. 2. are formed when air and fluid separate. 3. are precisely demonstrated when the patient is in a partially upright position. 4. are precisely demonstrated when the central ray is horizontal.
2 and 4
How much should the technique be adjusted from the routine for an AP abdomen projection in a patient who has a large amount of bowel gas? 1. Increase the mAs 30% to 50% 2. Decrease the mAs 30% to 50% 3. Increase the kVp 5% to 8% 4. Decrease the kVp 5% to 8%
2 and 4
A PA chest projection obtained on expiration demonstrates 1. a narrower and longer heart shadow. 2. an underexposed image if exposure is not increased when a manual technique is used. 3. a broader and shorter heart shadow. 4. fewer than 10 posterior ribs above the diaphragm.
2,3,4
The right SC joint is visible away from the vertebral column, whereas the left SC joint is superimposing the vertebral column on a mobile AP chest projection. How should the positioning setup be adjusted to obtain an optimal image?
Adjust the central ray angulation toward the left side of the patient.
A neonate AP chest projection demonstrates the left posterior ribs with greater length than the right posterior ribs. How should the positioning setup be changed to obtain an optimal projection?
Angle the central ray toward the patients right side
Full lung expansion is demonstrated on a lateral neonatal or infant chest projection when the hemidiaphragms have a deep cephalic curvature.
False
To reduce chest foreshortening in a PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position), the patient's midsagittal plane is positioned parallel with the IR.
False
An AP axial chest projection (lordotic position) demonstrates the clavicles superimposing the lung apices and the anterior ribs inferior to their corresponding posterior ribs. How should the positioning setup be changed to obtain an optimal projection?
Increase the degree of midcoronal plane tilt with the IR.
A left lateral chest projection demonstrates the gastric air bubble directly beneath the superior hemidiaphragm. Identify the superior lung
Left
Optimal contrast, density, and penetration have been achieved on AP abdominal projections when which anatomic structures are demonstrated?
Psoas major muscle, kidneys, inferior ribs, and lumbar transverse processes
A lateral chest projection demonstrates the posterior ribs separated by 2.5 inches (6.35 cm). The superior heart shadow does not extend into the anteriorly situated lung. How should the patient be repositioned to obtain an optimal image?
Rotate the right side of the chest 1 inch (2.5 cm) posteriorly.
A left lateral chest projection with poor positioning demonstrates the humeri soft tissue superimposed over the anterior lung apices. How was the patient positioned for such an image to be obtained?
The humeri were positioned at a 90-degree angle with the body.
A PA chest projection with poor positioning demonstrates vertical clavicles and the manubrium at the same level as the fifth thoracic vertebra. How was the patient mispositioned for such an image to be obtained?
The patient's upper midcoronal plane was tilted toward the IR.
Sufficient penetration has been obtained on a PA chest projection when the ___________________ and posterior ribs are demonstrated through the heart and mediastinal structures.
Thoracic Vertebra
A neonate's lungs are denser and demonstrate less image contrast than an adult's lungs.
True
An AP neonate abdomen projection that was obtained with the patient in a slight RPO position will demonstrate
a wider right iliac wing.
A PA chest projection on a patient with a right side pneumothorax will demonstrate-
air in the right pleural cavity.
To best demonstrate intraperitoneal air,
allow the patient to be positioned upright for 5 to 20 minutes prior to obtaining the exposure for an upright AP abdomen projection.
The IR is positioned ____ for a PA chest projection of a hypersthenic patient
crosswise
A PA chest projection obtained in full lung expansion
demonstrates 10 to 11 posterior ribs above the diaphragm
A neonate lateral chest projection taken without full inspiration
demonstrates the hemidiaphragms situated high in the thorax with an exaggerated cephalic curvature.
To position the scapulae outside the lung field for a PA chest projection, the patient's
elbows and shoulders are rotated anteriorly
Which side of the patient is positioned against the imaging table or cart for an AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) to rule out a left side pleural effusion?
left
Which side of the patient is positioned against the imaging table or cart for an AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) to rule out a right side pneumothorax?
left
A right PA oblique chest projection (RAO position) corresponds with which AP oblique projection?
lpo
An AP chest projection obtained with the central ray angled too caudally demonstrates:
more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) of the apices above the clavicles and vertically shaped posterior ribs.
A PA chest projection that demonstrates the manubrium at the same level as the first thoracic vertebra
the midcoronal plane away from the IR
A PA chest projection that demonstrates the vertebral column superimposing the left SC joint
was obtained with the patient rotated toward the left side
An AP chest projection that demonstrates the manubrium superimposing the third thoracic vertebra
was taken with the central angled too cephalically
