Immunologic System and Infectious Diseases

A nurse is caring for a client with an impaired immune system. Which blood protein associated with the immune system is important for the nurse to consider?

Globulin

Why would a primary healthcare provider recommend that a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) wear hats and long sleeves?

To maintain a normal appearance

When taking the blood pressure of a client who has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), what must the nurse do?

Wash hands thoroughly.

Which is an example of indirect contact transmission of microorganisms?

Dirty hands

A nurse is reviewing the physical examination and laboratory tests of a client with malaria. Which important clinical indicators should the nurse watch for when reviewing data about this client? Select all that apply.

Hyperthermia Splenomegaly

What is the mechanism of action of delavirdine in a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Inhibits the action of reverse transcriptase

Which client is most at risk of developing aseptic meningitis?

Muromonab-CD3

While reviewing a client's laboratory reports, the nurse finds a neutrophil count of 12,000/mm 3. Which condition may be present in this client?

Pneumonia

The primary healthcare provider has prescribed different drugs for four clients with tuberculosis. Which client is at a risk of sunburn?

Pyrazinamide

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is illustrated in the image?

Type 1

Which sexually transmitted disease is associated with the image illustrated below?

Gonorrhea

Which disease conditions involve a cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction? Select all that apply.

Graves' disease Myasthenia gravis Immune thrombocytopenic purpura

Which statements indicate a nurse has a correct understanding of interleukin-2? Select all that apply.

It enhances natural killer cells. It is used to treat various malignancies. It stimulates differentiation of T-lymphocytes.

The nurse suspects that a client with inhalation anthrax is in the prodromal stage of disease. Which symptoms support the nurse's conclusion? Select all that apply.

Dry cough Mild chest pain

The nurse has administered an immunosuppressant that acts on T helper cells to prevent production and release of IL-2 and γ-interferon to a client. Which side effects should the nurse monitor for in this client? Select all that apply.

Hirsutism Gingival hyperplasia Nephrotoxicity

The primary healthcare provider has prescribed different drugs for four clients with tuberculosis. Which client is at a risk of sunburn?

Client 4

After providing epinephrine to a client experiencing an anaphylactic reaction, which second-line drugs should the nurse prepare to provide? Select all that apply.

Dexamethasone Diphenhydramine hydrochloride Hydrocortisone sodium succinate

What should the nurse expect to assess in a client with a type IV delayed hypersensitivity reaction? Select all that apply.

Edema Ischemia Induration Tissue damage

The skin of a client with syphilis is illustrated in the image. Which stage of syphilis is present in the client?

Late

Which medication will the nurse administer that prevents cellular infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Maraviroc

A client undergoing corticosteroid therapy is admitted with a peptic ulcer, osteoporosis, and hypertension. Which medication may have caused this condition?

Methylprednisolone

The nurse is assessing four clients with infections in the mouth. Which client can be treated by nystatin as an oral suspension?

Client B

The primary healthcare provider has prescribed rifampin to a client with tuberculosis. Which instructions by the nurse will be beneficial to the client? Select all that apply.

"You should report any yellow tinge to your skin." "Your soft contact lenses will be stained permanently." "You should report any increased tendency to bruising or bleeding."

A nurse is caring for four clients. Which client is at a risk of meningitis, hearing loss, and generalized paresis?

A

A client who is on monoclonal antibody medication reports rigors, headache, myalgia, and gastrointestinal disturbances. The medical history shows that the client is on muromonab-CD3. Which medications could be beneficial for the reported symptoms? Select all that apply.

Acetaminophen Diphenhydramine Methylprednisolone

Which reason should the nurse request that the healthcare provider increase the intravenous fluid infusion for an older client with an infection?

Acute confusion

A client diagnosed with syphilis reports malaise, fever, sore throat, headaches, fatigue, arthralgia, and headache. Which other symptoms are likely to be present at this stage? Select all that apply.

Alopecia Weight loss Mucous patches in the mouth

A client undergoes liver transplant surgery and is later discharged. During a follow-up visit, the laboratory reports reveal a decrease in hemoglobin and thrombocytes. Which drug may be the cause of the client's condition?

Azathioprine

Which reasons should the nurse suggest that a client be tested for HIV? Select all that apply.

Diagnosed with tuberculosis in 1985 Received blood transfusions in 1980 during total hip replacement surgery Engaged in sexual relations with a someone of the same gender for several years

Which pathogen is responsible for the condition illustrated in the image?

Epstein-Barr virus

A client undergoing tuberculosis therapy reports eye pain that worsens when moving the eyes with decreased color vision. Which medication most likely is responsible for the client's condition?

Ethambutol

A client's laboratory report reveals an antigen-immunoglobulin (IgE) reaction. The nurse suspects the presence of allergic rhinitis. Which type of medication would treat this condition?

Mast cell stabilizing

Which organism is responsible for the condition illustrated in the image?

Streptococcus viridians

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of four clients. Which client may have peptic ulcer disease?

B

The nurse is assessing four clients with syphilis. Which client is suspected to be in the secondary stage of syphilis?

Client 3

The nurse is using the CURB-65 scale in the assessment of four clients with manifestations of pneumonia. Which client requires immediate admission to the intensive care unit?

Client 3

Which client will have the lowest risk for developing hepatoxicity?

Client C

The nurse is assessing four clients with syphilis. Which client is suspected to be in the last stage of syphilis?

Client D

The nurse understands that the best way to reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) in long-term indwelling catheters is to do what?

Perform catheter care twice a day.

What should an older client be instructed to do to ensure antibody-mediated immunity? Select all that apply.

Obtain a shingles vaccination Receive a tetanus booster injection Obtain the pneumococcal vaccination Receive an annual influenza vaccination

The laboratory test reports of a client reveal the presence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B27). Which diagnosis will the nurse most likely observe written in the client's electronic medical record?

Reiter's syndrome

The image illustrates the mouth of a client with syphilis. Which stage of syphilis is present?

Secondary

What actions should the nurse take when a client develops an anaphylactic reaction? Select all that apply.

Apply oxygen at 90 to 100% Call the Rapid Response Team Elevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees Ensure emergency airway equipment is at the bedside

A client is recovering from a kidney transplant. Which medications should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this client's maintenance therapy? Select all that apply.

Azathioprine Prednisone Cyclosporine Antithymocyte globulin-equine

The registered nurse determines that the new graduate understands the type(s) of hepatitis that generally develop into a chronic hepatitis infection if the graduate identifies which disease(s)? Select all that apply.

Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D

Upon assessment of a client, the nurse discovers the following (see image). Which virus causes the condition indicated?

Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)

A nurse finds the following (see image) upon assessment of a client. Which organism is responsible for the condition that is illustrated in the image?

Treponema pallidum