Immunology Final
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Hib a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
e) conjugated
T/F: Influenza vaccine is administered annually to boost immunity to new influenza strains.
True
T/F: Multivalent subunit vaccines generally induce a greater immune response than synthetic peptides.
True
T/F: Serious fungal infections are rare in immune competent individuals.
True
T/F: The MHC is the strongest force in graft rejection.
True
T/F: The immune clearance of viral infections is based on a good cell-mediated immune response.
True
T/F: The microcytotoxicity test is used to determine which self-ags are expressed by the host.
True
T/F: The mixed lymphocyte reaction is used to determine histocompatibility between donor lymphocytes and recipient lymphocytes.
True
T/F: Viral integration into the cellular genome may convert a proto-oncogene into a transforming oncogene.
True
T/F: Xenotransplants utilize organs from another species.
True
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction apply to the following characteristics: Can lead to asthma symptoms.
Type I
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction apply to the following characteristics: May lead to anaphylaxis
Type I
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction apply to the following characteristics: Systemic form of reaction is treated with epinephrine.
Type I
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction apply to the following characteristics: Occurs as a result of mismatched blood transfusions.
Type II
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction apply to the following characteristics: hemolytic disease of the newborn
Type II
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction apply to the following characteristics: Immune complex disease
Type III
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction apply to the following characteristics: May result in an Arthus Reaction.
Type III
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction apply to the following characteristics: Can be induced by poison oak in sensitive individuals.
Type IV
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction apply to the following characteristics: It is an important defense against intracellular pathogens.
Type IV
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: IL-10 a) stimulate growth of T and B cells b) antagonizes generation of T helper 1 cells c) resistance to viruses d) strong mediator of inflammation/cachexia e) stimulate growth of T and B cells
b or e
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: TGF-beta a) stimulate growth of T and B cells b) antagonizes generation of T helper 1 cells c) resistance to viruses d) strong mediator of inflammation/cachexia e) stimulate growth of T and B cells
b or e
Expressed CD8+ a) T helper cells b) CTLs c) both T helper cells and CTLs d) neither cell type
b) CTLs
Is Class I MHC restricted a) T helper cells b) CTLs c) both T helper cells and CTLs d) neither cell type
b) CTLs
Is cytotoxic for target cells a) T helper cells b) CTLs c) both T helper cells and CTLs d) neither cell type
b) CTLs
The current Bird flu strain was generated by ____. a) interferon b) antigenic drift c) gene conversion d) antigenic shift e) activated
d) antigenic shift
The granulomas that form in the lungs of TB patients contain many a) interferon b) antigenic drift c) gene conversion d) antigenic shift e) activated
e) activated
Innate immune response include: a) skin b) complement c) phagocytic cells d) cytokines e) all of these
e) all of these
What type of antigen challenge is likely to induce a T helper 1 response? a) skin infection b) viral infection c) tumor growth d) Hepatitis B vaccination e) both b & c
e) both b & c
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Meningococcal a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
e) conjugated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Pneumonia (Strep) a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
e) conjugated
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: GM-CSF a) produced by NK cells b) enhances NK cell activity c) activates macrophages and inhibits their migration d) recruits macrophages e) promotes production of myeloid cells in the bone marrow
e) promotes production of myeloid cells in the bone marrow
Match the Cytokine attribute with the proper term/characteristic: Several cytokines have similar effects. a) autocrine b) paracrine c) pleiotropy d) synergy e) redundancy
e) redundancy
T/F: A specific CTL response is critical to protection against infection with influenza.
False
T/F: Cells that attack helminth parasites are generally antigen specific.
False
T/F: Cornea transplants are often rejected due to alloantigens.
False
T/F: The hallmark of a phagocytic deficiency is increased susceptibility to viral infections.
False
T/F: Variable Surface Glycoproteins enable Plasmodium parasites to evade host immune response.
False
T/F: IFNα has a direct antitumor effect, while TNFα has an indirect cytotoxic effect on tumor cells.
True
T/F: Immunosuppressive drugs used to prevent graft rejection include drugs (like Imuran) that result in generalized suppression of all dividing cells and drugs that target T cells (like cyclosporine A).
True
T/F: GVHR can sometimes be prevented by pretreatment of the graft with monoclonal antibodies to host MHC antigens.
True
T/F: Antibodies are ineffective against parasite infections.
True
T/F: Attenuated vaccines are less likely to require booster doses than are killed vaccines.
True
T/F: Attenuated vaccines are more likely to induce CMI responses than are killed vaccines.
True
T/F: DiGeorge syndrome is a congenital birth defect resulting in the absence of a thymus.
True
T/F: For tissue transplants, multiple HLA types should be matched to have the best chance of histocompatibility.
True
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: Interferon-gamma a) Activation of Macrophages b) Production of Eosinophils c) Promotes T helper 2 Response d) Induction of Systemic Acute Phase Response e) Development of Lymphocytes
a) Activation of Macrophages
Expressed by inflamed endothelium a) P and E Selectin b) Prostaglandins c) NSAIDS d) Bradykinin e) CRP
a) P and E Selectin
Is required for B-cell activation a) T helper cells b) CTLs c) both T helper cells and CTLs d) neither cell type
a) T helper cells
Match the Cytokine attribute with the proper term/characteristic: Cytokine that activates the cell that made it. a) autocrine b) paracrine c) pleiotropy d) synergy e) redundancy
a) autocrine
Granulomatous lesions associated with syphilis. a) gummas b) tubercules c) BCG d) IFN-y e) PPD
a) gammas
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Cholera a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
a) inactivated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Hepatitis A a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
a) inactivated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Polio (Sabin vaccine, used in US) a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
a) inactivated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Polio (Salk - used to eradicate polio in much of the world) a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
a) inactivated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Rabies a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
a) inactivated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Mumps a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
a) inactivated - early version of vaccine b) attenuated - nasal spray
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Influenza (annual) a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
a) inactivated - injection b) attenuated - nasal spray
A major contributor to host defense against viral infections is macrophages. a) interferon b) antigenic drift c) gene conversion d) antigenic shift e) activated
a) interferon
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: IFN-gamma a) produced by NK cells b) enhances NK cell activity c) activates macrophages and inhibits their migration d) recruits macrophages e) promotes production of myeloid cells in the bone marrow
a) produced by NK cells
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: IL-2 a) stimulate growth of T and B cells b) antagonizes generation of T helper 1 cells c) resistance to viruses d) strong mediator of inflammation/cachexia e) stimulate growth of T and B cells
a) stimulate growth of T and B cells
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: IL-5 a) Activation of Macrophages b) Production of Eosinophils c) Promotes T helper 2 Response d) Induction of Systemic Acute Phase Response e) Development of Lymphocytes
b) Production of Eosinophils
Product of Arachadonic Acid pathway a) P and E Selectin b) Prostaglandins c) NSAIDS d) Bradykinin e) CRP
b) Prostaglandins
Annual influenza vaccines are necessary due to ____. a) interferon b) antigenic drift c) gene conversion d) antigenic shift e) activated
b) antigenic drift
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: BCG a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
b) attenuated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Chicken Pox a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
b) attenuated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Measles a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
b) attenuated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Rotavirus (in US) a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
b) attenuated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Rubella a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
b) attenuated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Smallpox a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
b) attenuated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Typhoid (oral) a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
b) attenuated
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Yellow Fever a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
b) attenuated
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: IL-12 a) produced by NK cells b) enhances NK cell activity c) activates macrophages and inhibits their migration d) recruits macrophages e) promotes production of myeloid cells in the bone marrow
b) enhances NK cell activity
Match the Cytokine attribute with the proper term/characteristic: One cytokine that acts on nearby cells. a) autocrine b) paracrine c) pleiotropy d) synergy e) redundancy
b) paracrine
The mycobacteria causing tuberculosis are walled off in granulomatous lesions called ____. a) gummas b) tubercules c) BCG d) IFN-y e) PPD
b) tubercules
The current vaccine for tuberculosis consists of an attenuated strain of M. bovis called ____. a) gummas b) tubercules c) BCG d) IFN-y e) PPD
c) BCG
What type of immune response is mediated by the T helper 1 subset? a) ADCC b) B cell activity c) Cell Mediated Immunity d) Humoral Immunity e) Allergy
c) Cell Mediated Immunity
Inhibit cyclooxygenase pathway a) P and E Selectin b) Prostaglandins c) NSAIDS d) Bradykinin e) CRP
c) NSAIDS
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: IL-4 a) Activation of Macrophages b) Production of Eosinophils c) Promotes T helper 2 Response d) Induction of Systemic Acute Phase Response e) Development of Lymphocytes
c) Promotes T helper 2 Response
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: MIF a) produced by NK cells b) enhances NK cell activity c) activates macrophages and inhibits their migration d) recruits macrophages e) promotes production of myeloid cells in the bone marrow
c) activates macrophages and inhibits their migration
Can make IL-2 a) T helper cells b) CTLs c) both T helper cells and CTLs d) neither cell type
c) both T helper cells and CTLs
Eosinophils are important for: a) initiating a CMI b) for recognizing parasite infections c) for degranulating onto large parasites d) are not important and lead to allergic reactions
c) for degranulating onto large parasites
Variation in pilin, is generated by the process of ____. a) interferon b) antigenic drift c) gene conversion d) antigenic shift e) activated
c) gene conversion
The immune response to influenza developed after immunization is : a) intended to aid CMI b) keep viruses from exiting infected cells c) keeps viruses from infecting cells d) induces a vigorous interferon response e) is replaced by anti-flu medications
c) keeps viruses from infecting cells
Match the Cytokine attribute with the proper term/characteristic: One cytokine that acts on several different kinds of cells. a) autocrine b) paracrine c) pleiotropy d) synergy e) redundancy
c) pleiotropy
Mechanisms of tolerance induction include all but one of the following: a) lack costimulatory cytokines b) administer very low doses c) repeatedly administer antigen d) administer antigen orally
c) repeatedly administer antigen
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: IFN-alpha a) stimulate growth of T and B cells b) antagonizes generation of T helper 1 cells c) resistance to viruses d) strong mediator of inflammation/cachexia e) stimulate growth of T and B cells
c) resistance to viruses
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: DTaP a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
c) toxoid
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Tetanus a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
c) toxoid
Increase vascular permeability and induce fever a) P and E Selectin b) Prostaglandins c) NSAIDS d) Bradykinin e) CRP
d) Bradykinin
One of two cytokines of particular importance in the response to infection with M. tuberculosis is ____, which stimulates development of T helper 1 cells. a) gummas b) tubercules c) BCG d) IFN-y e) PPD
d) IFN-y
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: IL-6 a) Activation of Macrophages b) Production of Eosinophils c) Promotes T helper 2 Response d) Induction of Systemic Acute Phase Response e) Development of Lymphocytes
d) Induction of Systemic Acute Phase Response
A cytokine that is secreted by activated macrophages, with a role in tissue wasting during chronic inflammation: a) IL-1 b) TGF-beta c) IFN-gamma d) TNF-alpha e) CRP
d) TNF-alpha
Match the Disease with the type of Vaccine used to control it in the US: Hepatitis B a) inactivated b) attenuated c) toxoid d) recombinant protein e) conjugated
d) recombinant protein
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: MCP-1 a) produced by NK cells b) enhances NK cell activity c) activates macrophages and inhibits their migration d) recruits macrophages e) promotes production of myeloid cells in the bone marrow
d) recruits macrophages
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: TNF-alpha a) stimulate growth of T and B cells b) antagonizes generation of T helper 1 cells c) resistance to viruses d) strong mediator of inflammation/cachexia e) stimulate growth of T and B cells
d) strong mediator of inflammation/cachexia
Match the Cytokine attribute with the proper term/characteristic: Several cytokines that work together. a) autocrine b) paracrine c) pleiotropy d) synergy e) redundancy
d) synergy
Large quantity expressed systemically in response to inflammation a) P and E Selectin b) Prostaglandins c) NSAIDS d) Bradykinin e) CRP
e) CRP
Match the Cytokine with the Effect: IL-1 a) Activation of Macrophages b) Production of Eosinophils c) Promotes T helper 2 Response d) Induction of Systemic Acute Phase Response e) Development of Lymphocytes
e) Development of lymphocytes
A cytokine produced by T suppressor cells to help prevent self-reactive lymphocytes from attacking self: a) IL-2 b) IL-5 c) IL-6 d) IL-8 e) IL-10
e) IL-10
Used in the tuberculin skin test. a) gummas b) tubercules c) BCG d) IFN-y e) PPD
e) PPD