impression management

in a performance review

Ingratiation > self-promotion

Seven strategic self-presentations, their goals and risks (Seven Energetic Monkeys In Sweatpants Surprised Ida)

Self promotion, exemplification, Modesty/ self deprecation,Intimidation, Supplication, Sandbagging, ingratiation

tactical self

a public image of ourselves that is favorable to others- consistent with what others want us to be The way I should be

justification

admit responsibility, but attempt to define it as appropriate under the circumstances It's my fault but... Ex: it's my fault I messed up the presentation, but it was my birthday last night...

exemplification

attempt to convey an impression of virtue or sacrifice Example: taking on tasks no one else wants to do, late night work, Ted Haggard Offering to buy the alcohol - shows you're nice and generous

ingratiation

attempt to gain another's favor through deliberate effort Opinion conformity: "Justin Bieber is your favorite singer? OMG, I love him too!" Other enhancement: "Wow, have you lost weight?" Playing dumb: women to men, workers to bosses

excuses

cite uncontrollable events "It's not my fault" Example: it's not my fault I messed up the presentation, my loud neighbors kept me up all night

self handicapping

creating one's own obstacles to prevent a person from being responsible for future failed performance In order to enhance or protect self-esteem Ex: drinking the night before an exam

before failed performance

disclaimer and self handicapping

after failed performance

excuses and justifications

ideal self

image of ourselves that is consistent with the way that we wish we were The way I want to be

Authentic self ("real self")

mage of ourselves that is consistent with the way we actually view ourselves The way I am

In an interview

most people use it, and it works Self-promotion > ingratiation people brag more than they try and connect with interviewer

sangbagging

pretending to need help that you don't need, to take advantage of others (thus, a sly variant on supplication) Example: cards/sports Saying you're going to lose your scholarship if you don't pass even though you don't have a scholarship Lying and sympathy

Disclaimer

said beforehand to lessen the negative implication of one's impending actions Ex: I'm not trying to sound racist/ sexist, mean etc but... Ex: maybe this is wrong/dumb but...

impression management

the process by which people attempt to present a favorable image of themselves In daily interactions we seek to manage the impression that we give and give off We use strategies to give particular impressions Example: job interviews/hiring, social media

Impression formation

the process by which people define, perceive, and evaluate others based on various observable cues Automatically : race/gender/approx age/ physical appearance Physical attractiveness Recall: halo effect: good traits "spill over"- of you are identified as skilled in one area, assume you will be skilled in others as well

modesty/ self deprecation

to appear humble by de-emphasizing one's positive traits Example: "oh, but I'm not as good as you" "I hardly deserve all this!" Goals and risks Use it too much→ people start to believe you

intimidation

to appear powerful by eliciting fear in others Example: "I will give you a 0 if you cheat on my exam", "I will fire you"

self promotion

to attempt to convey positive info about oneself by emphasizing own accomplishments/achievements Ex: job interviews, bragging

supplication

to elicit help or sympathy by emphasizing weakness or dependence Example: roadside panhandlers, "if I don't pass this class, I won't graduate!" Charlie's sister at Syracuse - it worked! Goals and risks Saying I need you makes you seem like you can't help yourself

Use IM

with caution