In Class Quiz Question Astronomy 104
Doppler shifts can be measured when
Diffuse, hot gas is moving away from the observer
Which is NOT a reason for the large size of volcanoes on Mars compared to Earth's smaller volcanoes
Distance from the Sun
The Doppler shift can be used to determine the _____ of an object
Radial Velocity
Which of the following is the biggest disadvantage of putting a telescope in space?
Space telescopes are much more expensive than similar ground telescopes
If Earth shrank to a smaller radius but kept the same mass, would the gravitational force between Earth and the Moon become:
Stay the same (mass or distance would have to change)
Which of the following worlds does not show evidence of current presence of liquid or frozen water?
Venus
A big problem for infrared observations is
Water Vapor
If the Earth were in an orbit closer to the Sun, the
Year would be shorter
Imagine a planet is moving in a perfectly circular orbit around the sun, is the planet experiencing acceleration?
Yes because it is changing its direction of motion all the time
By what factor does the total energy emitted per unit time at all wavelength from a blackbody increase if its temperature increase by a factor of 3
81 (higher temp, the peak wavelength moves shorter)
The average distance of Mars from the Sun is 1.4 AU. How bright is the Sun on Mars compared with its brightness on Earth?
About 2 times fainter (1.4 squared)
Which of the following choices is produced when white light is shined through a cool gas
An absorption spectrum
In the Bohr model of the atom, light is emitted from an atom when
An electron moves from an outer to an inner orbit
The limit of the resolution of the biggest ground based telescope is due to
Atmospheric distortion of light propagation
Why is Jupiter reddish in color?
Because of the composition of its atmosphere
When you look at the sky on a dark night and see stars of different colors, which are the hottest?
Blue
The main greenhouse gases in the atmospheres of the terrestrial planets are
Carbon dioxide and water vapor
As a new star evolves from cool dust and gas to a hot star, the peak wavelength of its spectrum of electromagnetic radiation will
Decrease
As wavelength increases, the energy of a photon_______ and its frequency_______.
Decreases; Decreases
Differentiation during planet formation refers to materials that are separated based on their
Density
The dynamo theory says that a planet will have a strong magnetic field if it has
Fast rotation and a liquid interior (Earth/ Mercury have dynamo)
If Earth shrank to a smaller radius but kept the same mass, would everyone's weight on Earth
Increase
Which is NOT a reason Mercury has so little gas in its atmosphere
It has no moons
How does the light gathering power of a 4 m telescope compare to that of a 2 meter telescope
It is 4 times as much
The radiation belts around Jupiter are much stronger than those found around Earth because
Jupiter has a stronger magnetic field than Earth
The fact the Jupiter's radius is contracting at a rate of 1 mm per year results in
Jupiter is radiating more heat than it is receiving from the Sun
Which of Galileo's astronomical observations were best explained by the heliocentric model?
Moons of Jupiter Phases of Venus
The light from an object gets red shifted (wavelengths are longer) due to
Motion away from us
The Doppler effect is the change in the wavelength of light caused by the source
Moving with respect to the observer
If radioactive element A decays into radioactive element B with a halflife of 20 seconds, then after 40 seconds:
One quarter of element A will remain
We believe that dark matter exists in galaxies because
Our application of Newton's laws shows that galaxies require more matter than we observe
The interiors of giant planets are heated by gravitational contraction. We know this because
The giant planets radiate more energy than they receive from the Sun
Uranus and Neptune are different from Jupiter and Saturn in that
Uranus and Neptune have a higher percentage of ices in their interiors
Geologists can find the relative age of craters on the world because
The ones on top must be younger
Spacecraft are the most effective way to study planets in our Solar System because
They can collect more information than is available from images on Earth
In a head-on collision between a heavy truck and small truck, which truck is subject to a greater force
They feel the same force
In the absence of air friction, a 0.001 kg piece of paper and a 0.1 kg notebook are dropped from the same height and allowed to fall to the ground. How do their accelerations compare
They have the same acceleration
What causes Jupiter and Saturn to have substantially larger radii at their equator than at their poles
They spin fast
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of CCD cameras over photographic plates?
They turn photons into protons
The Moon always keeps the same face toward Earth because of
Tidal Locking
What is the main reason for placing astronomical telescopes and detectors on satellites
To get above the absorption in the Earth's atmosphere
