Infection

A child who is infected with human immunoefficiency virus is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. The nurse administers the prescribed trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Which common side effects will the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply.

Crystalluria Vomiting Photosensitivity Nausea and vomiting may occur as a result of gastrointestinal irritation. Skin reactions such as photosensitivity are also common. Crystalluria may occur with this drug, especially in the presence of restricted fluid intake secondary to nausea and vomiting. Hepatic side effects such as jaundice may occur but are not common. Central nervous system side effects such as headache are rare adverse reactions.

The nurse has administered lymphocyte immunoglobulin to a client. Which side effects are most likely to occur? Select all that apply.

Leukopenia Tachycardia Serum sickness Lymphocyte immunoglobulin is an immunosuppressant directed against T-lymphocytes. Tachycardia, leukopenia, and serum sickness are side effects associated with lymphocyte immunoglobulin therapy. Peptic ulcers may occur when corticosteroids are injected. A urinary infection may occur when an immunosuppressant such as belatacept is administered.

Which medication will the nurse administer that prevents cellular infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Maraviroc Maraviroc is a medication used to prevent a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by blocking the CCR5 receptors on the CD4+ T cells. It also prevents cellular HIV infections. Nelfinavir is a protease inhibitor that prevents viral replication and release of viral particles. Delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) that inhibits viral gene replication. Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) that suppresses viral replication.