Infection HESI

The nurse is providing orientation to a newly graduated nurse. During a discussion of isolation procedures, which statement by the graduate nurse indicates a need for further review of isolation guidelines?

"I can reuse a gown if it's not dirty, as long as I hang it up inside the client's room."

The nurse is preparing a group of Cub Scouts for an overnight camping trip and instructs the Scouts about the methods to prevent Lyme disease. Which statement by one of the Scouts indicates a need for further instruction?

"I should not use insect repellents because it will attract the ticks."

A client is seen in the health care clinic, and a diagnosis of acute sinusitis is made. The nurse provides home care instructions to the client regarding measures that will promote sinus drainage and comfort. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?

"I should use a hot mist vaporizer to liquefy secretions." *use a humidifier instead*

The nurse has instructed a client diagnosed with tuberculosis about how to prevent the spread of infection after discharge from the hospital. The nurse determines that the client needs further reinforcement of information if the client makes which statement?

"I should use disposable plates, forks, and knives." Because tuberculosis is transmitted by droplet, it cannot be carried on clothing, eating utensils, or other possessions.

A nursing instructor asks a nursing student about a client admitted with tuberculosis (TB). What comment by the student indicates that there is a need for further teaching?

"It is a fast-growing infectious disease." Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a nonmoving, slow-growing (not fast-growing), acid-fast rod transmitted via the airborne route.

The nurse teaches the mother of a child diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis about measures to prevent transmission of the infection. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?

"It is all right to share towels and washcloths as long as they are bleached after use."

The nurse provides home care instructions to a client with hepatitis B. Which statement made by the client indicates the best understanding of how to prevent transmission of the disease?

"My wife should get the vaccine."

The home care nurse visits a child recently discharged from the hospital with a diagnosis of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. The mother asks the nurse when the child can return to school. The nurse should make which response to the mother?

"One week after the onset of jaundice."

A 7-year-old child is diagnosed with viral conjunctivitis. Antibiotic eye drops are prescribed for the child. When the mother asks the nurse when the child can return to school, what should the appropriate response be?

"The child should be kept home until the antibiotic eye drops have been administered for 24 hours."

The nurse is working in an illness prevention clinic. An important component of the nurse's practice is to advise high-risk clients to receive an influenza vaccination. Which clients are at high risk for influenza and would benefit from vaccination? Select all that apply.

-A 47-year-old mother of a child with cystic fibrosis -A 54-year-old man scheduled for a routine diabetes check -A 35-year-old registered nurse scheduled for an annual pelvic exam -An 87-year-old woman from a nursing home scheduled for a surgical follow-up

The nurse is caring for a client with newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Besides preventing the transmission of the disease, what are the goals of medication therapy? Select all that apply.

-Decreasing the viral load -Delaying disease progression -Maintaining or increasing CD4+ T cell counts -Preventing HIV-related symptoms and opportunistic diseases

The community health nurse is providing a teaching session about anthrax to members of the community and asks the participants about the methods of transmission. Which answers by the participants would indicate that teaching was effective? Select all that apply.

-Inhalation of bacterial spores -Through a cut or abrasion in the skin -Ingestion of contaminated undercooked meat

The nurse in the health care clinic is preparing to obtain a throat swab for culture in a client suspected of having a beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection. Which actions are appropriate in collecting this specimen? Select all that apply.

-Instruct the client to tilt the head back. -Swab the tonsillar pillars and the posterior pharynx wall. -Tell the client that the test will help to identify microorganisms. -Place a tongue depressor on the client's tongue before swabbing the throat.

A registered nurse (RN) is providing instructions to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) assigned to give a bed bath to a client who is on contact precautions. The RN instructs the UAP to use which protective item when giving the bed bath?

A gown and gloves

An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action by the UAP would indicate the need for further instruction in the care of the client?

Allowed the drainage tubing to rest under the leg

The nurse is planning to teach a group of adolescents about the use of condoms as part of a risk reduction program for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The nurse should plan to include which recommendation in the teaching plan?

Always apply the condom before inserting the penis into the vagina.

The nurse is observing a second nurse perform hemodialysis on a client. The second nurse is drinking coffee and eating a doughnut next to the hemodialysis machine, while talking with the client about the events of his week. What is the nurse's most appropriate action regarding this observation?

Ask the nurse to refrain from eating and drinking in that area.

The ambulatory care nurse is working with a 22-year-old female client who has been diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The nurse incorporates which item in a teaching plan for this client?

Avoid frequent douching.

The nurse is caring for a client with acute viral hepatitis A who resides in a group home. Which outcome indicates that the most important goal has been achieved?

Avoids transmitting the virus to others in the group home

The nurse is preparing to care for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In planning infection control for this client, the nurse should implement which form of isolation to prevent the spread of the AIDS virus to others?

Blood and body fluid precautions

The nurse is preparing a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion at the medication cart. As the nurse prepares to attach the distal end of the IV tubing to a needleless device, the tubing drops and hits the top of the medication cart. Which is the appropriate action by the nurse?

Change the IV tubing.

azithromycin is the treatment for

Chlamydia infection

A client with active tuberculosis demonstrates less-than-expected interest in learning about the prescribed medication therapy. The nurse assesses that this client may ultimately need which intervention as a last resort?

Directly observed therapy

The nurse is preparing an intravenous (IV) set before starting the infusion. After removing the cap from the IV tubing port on the IV bag, the nurse removes the cover from the tubing insertion spike but then touches the spike with a finger. What should the nurse do next?

Discard the IV tubing and use a new set for the infusion.

The nurse employed on a medical unit in a hospital receives a telephone call from the admission office and is told that a client with a diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia will be admitted to the unit. The nurse prepares for the admission and obtains the necessary supplies to place the client on which type of transmission-based precautions?

Droplet precautions

The nurse prepares the client for irrigation of an abdominal wound. After preparation, the nurse would appropriately don which item to perform the procedure?

Gloves, gown, and goggles

Contact precautions are initiated for a client with a health care-associated (nosocomial) infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The nurse prepares to provide colostomy care and should obtain which protective items to perform this procedure?

Gloves, gown, goggles, and a mask or face shield

The nurse is preparing to nasotracheally suction a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who has had blood-tinged sputum with previous suctioning. The nurse plans to use which item as part of standard precautions for this client?

Gloves, gown, mask, and protective eyewear

The nurse is instructing a postpartum client with endometritis about preventing the spread of infection to the newborn infant. Which statement should the nurse make to the client?

Hands should be washed thoroughly before holding the infant.

The ambulatory care nurse is seeing a client for a follow-up visit after treatment for toxic shock syndrome (TSS). To assess the client's recovery from TSS, the nurse should ask whether which signs and symptoms have resolved?

High fever, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea

A client with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is on airborne isolation precautions. Which item(s) is essential for the nurse to wear?

High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter mask

A female client seen in the ambulatory care clinic has a history of syphilis infection. The nurse assessing the client for reinfection would expect to observe a lesion on the labia that has which characteristic?

Is painless and indurated

The nurse is assisting a female client to collect a midstream urine specimen. How should the nurse implement aseptic technique?

Making sure that the fingers avoid touching the inside of the collection container

An adolescent is diagnosed with conjunctivitis, and the nurse provides information to the adolescent about the use of contact lenses. Which statement by the client would indicate the need for further information?

My contact lenses can be worn if they are cleaned properly.

The nurse is preparing to give a bed bath to an immobilized client with tuberculosis. The nurse should wear which items when performing this care?

Particulate respirator, gown, and gloves. It's airborne.

The nurse is caring for a client who is on airborne precautions. The nurse notes that the client is scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Which nursing action is most appropriate in preparing the client for the test?

Place a surgical mask on the client for transport.

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client with a diagnosis of agranulocytosis who is being admitted to the hospital. The nurse determines that which is the priority when formulating the client's plan of care?

Potential for infection

The nurse is caring for a client with meningitis and implements which transmission-based precautions for this client?

Private room or cohort client. Meningitis is transmitted by droplet infection.

The nurse is caring for a client with a wound infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The most appropriate infection control precautions for MRSA include which intervention?

Private room, gown, gloves, and face shield. It's Contact precautions

A hospitalized client who has been placed on contact precautions has been prescribed to have a chest radiograph in the radiology department. The nurse should plan to take which action on receipt of this prescription?

Question the health care provider about whether a portable chest radiograph may be obtained.

The nurse is teaching a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) how to avoid food-borne illnesses. The nurse should instruct the client that which food can cause a food-borne illness?

Raw oysters

Two nurses are leaving the room of a client whose care required them to wear a gown, mask, and gloves. Which action by these nurses could lead to the spread of infection?

Removing the gown without rolling it from inside out

The nurse is conducting a community surveillance study for the purpose of communicable disease control. The nurse knows that performing an active surveillance method of assessment is best for what reason?

Results in detection of a more accurate number of cases

A man has been admitted to the surgical unit after hernia repair surgery. The medical record reports that the client is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive. The nurse should implement which precautions for this client?

Standard precautions

A client who is admitted for an unrelated medical problem is diagnosed with urethritis caused by chlamydial infection. The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) assigned to the client asks the nurse what measures are necessary to prevent contraction of the infection during care. What should the nurse tell the UAP?

Standard precautions are sufficient because the disease is transmitted sexually.

A man is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of urethritis secondary to chlamydial infection. What precaution should the nurse implement for this client?

Standard. Chlamydial infection is a sexually transmitted

The nurse is assigned to care for an infant following a cleft lip repair. The nurse is asked to observe the parent in the procedure for cleaning the lip repair site. The nurse determines that the parent is performing the procedure correctly if the parent uses which solution to clean the site?

Sterile water

A hospitalized client has a diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). The nurse should encourage the client to assume which therapeutic position when in bed?

Supine in semi Fowler's

Which action by the parent of an infant with respiratory syncytial virus infection who is receiving ribavirin would indicate a need for further instruction regarding the management of the disease process?

Telling the infant's aunt, who is pregnant, that it is acceptable to visit the infant

The home health nurse is watching the caregiver change the sternotomy dressing on the postoperative client. Which action by the caregiver identifies correct principles of infection control?

The caregiver washes her hands before removal of the soiled dressing and again before applying the clean dressing.

The nurse is providing home care instructions to the mother of a child who has bacterial conjunctivitis. The nurse should provide the mother with which information?

The child's towels and washcloths should not be used by other members of the household.

A client with tuberculosis (TB) asks the nurse about precautions to take after discharge to prevent infection of others. The nurse develops a response to the client's question based on which correct understanding of TB transmission?

The disease is transmitted by droplet nuclei. TB is spread by droplet nuclei or via the airborne route.

A client is being discharged to home after 2 weeks with a diagnosis of tuberculosis and is worried about the possibility of infecting family members and others. How should the nurse respond to provide reassurance?

The family will be treated prophylactically, and the client will not be contagious after 2 to 3 consecutive weeks of medication therapy.

The nursing instructor is observing a student nurse donning a pair of sterile gloves and preparing a sterile field. Which observation made by the instructor indicates the need for further teaching?

The student dons the sterile gloves without washing the hands.

The nursing instructor determines that the nursing student understands the purposes of standard and transmission-based precautions if which statements are made? Select all that apply.

They prevent transmission of organisms from -client to client -health care providers to clients -clients to health care providers -health care providers and clients to people outside of the hospital

A client with tuberculosis whose status is being monitored in an ambulatory care clinic asks the nurse when it is permissible to return to work. What factor should the nurse include when responding to the client?

Three sputum cultures are negative. The client with tuberculosis must have sputum cultures performed every 2 to 4 weeks after initiation of antituberculosis medication therapy.

The nurse participating in a health fair is setting up a booth on prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. A poster is planned that will list sexual behaviors in 1 of 2 columns, "safe" and "not safe." Which behavior should the nurse place in the "not safe" column?

Use of natural skin condoms

The nurse is preparing to insert an intravenous (IV) angiocatheter into a client's inner forearm. Before cannulating the vein, what motion will the nurse implement to cleanse the site?

Using a circular motion from the center outward

The school nurse prepares a list of home care instructions for the parents of schoolchildren diagnosed with pediculosis capitis. (เหา) Which instruction should the nurse include in the list?

Vacuum floors, play areas, and furniture to remove any hairs that might carry live nits.

The nurse is admitting a client who is suspected of having tuberculosis (TB) to the nursing unit. The nurse should plan to admit the client to a room that has which properties?

Venting to the outside, 6 air exchanges per hour, and ultraviolet light

The nurse places a hospitalized client with active tuberculosis in a private, well-ventilated isolation room. In addition, which action should the nurse take before entering the client's room?

Wash hands and place a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) respirator mask over the nose and mouth.

The nurse is giving a bed bath to a client and discovers that an additional washcloth and towel are needed. Which is the most appropriate action to take to obtain the needed items?

Wash hands, leave the client's room, and obtain the needed items.

The home health nurse visits a client with suspected scabies. Which precaution should the nurse institute during the assessment of the client?

Wear a gown and gloves. It's direct skin contact

The nurse prepares to give a bath and change the bed linens of a client with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. The lesions are open and draining a scant amount of serous fluid. Which would the nurse incorporate into the plan during the bathing of this client?

Wearing a gown and gloves. It's contact. Masks are not required unless droplet or airborne.

A client has been receiving a series of medications as part of intravenous antineoplastic therapy. The nurse should implement neutropenic precautions after noting which laboratory result for this client?

White blood cell (WBC) count of 2000 mm3 (2 × 109/L) The normal WBC count is 5000 to 10,000 mm3

The client seen in the health care clinic has tested positive for gonorrhea. The nurse anticipates that which medication will be prescribed based on this finding?

antibiotic therapy, usually with ceftriaxone and doxycycline.

Acyclovir is the treatment for

genital herpes simplex virus

penicillin G benzathine is the treatment for

syphilis