Info Systems Ch. 3

____ is used to temporarily hold small units of program instructions and data immediately before, during, and after execution by the central processing unit (CPU). Select one: a. Main memory b. A register c. The control unit d. The motherboard

A register

Briefly explain the three associated elements of a central processing unit (CPU).

ALU: arithmetic/ logic unit This performs calculations and is able to make comparisons. Control unit: able to access program instructions and decode them. It coordinates the flow of data. Registers are high-speed storage areas that temporarily hold small units of instructions and data.

____ is a type of high-speed memory that a processor can access more rapidly than main memory. Select one: a. Virtual memory b. Cloud memory c. Volatile memory d. Cache memory

Cache memory

____ is a program concerned with the efficient and environmentally responsible design, manufacture, operation, and disposal of IS-related products. Select one: a. Green computing b. Grid computing c. Cloud computing d. Utility computing

Green computing

_____ is the use of a collection of computers, often owned by many people or different organizations, to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem. Select one: a. Cloud computing b. Grid computing c. Parallel computing d. Web computing

Grid computing

____ is a computing model in which an organization outsources the equipment used to support its business operations, including storage, hardware, servers, and networking components. Select one: a. Storage as a service b. Grid computing c. Cloud computing d. Infrastructure as a Service

Infrastructure as a Service

Which of the following statements is true of organic light-emitting diode (OLED)? Select one: a. It enables improved contrast than a liquid crystal display (LCD). b. It consumes more power than a light-emitting diode (LED). c. It employs a backlight. d. It produces dull images.

It enables improved contrast than a liquid crystal display (LCD).

Which of the following is a multiple-user system? Select one: a. Mainframe computers b. Thin client computers c. Workstations d. Nettop computers

Mainframe computers

____ is a hard disk drive storage device that is set up with its own network address and provides file-based storage services to other devices on the network. Select one: a. The motherboard b. A thin client c. A storage area network (SAN) d. Network-attached storage (NAS)

Network-attached storage (NAS)

_____ are used in standardized tests, including the SAT and GMAT tests, and to record votes in elections. Select one: a. Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) devices b. Optical mark recognition (OMR) systems c. Speech recognition devices d. Optical character recognition (OCR) systems

Optical mark recognition (OMR) systems

Explain the primary difference between random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM).

RAM is temporary and volatile while ROM is nonvolatile and provides permanent storage.

Identify three advantages of the use of solid state secondary storage devices (SSDs) over magnetic or optical media.

SSDs require less power and provide faster access than the magnetic storage devices. They also have no moving parts and are less fragile than hard disk drives.

_____ are the most powerful computers with the fastest processing speed and highest performance. Select one: a. Blade servers b. Workstations c. Mainframe computers d. Supercomputers

Supercomputers

Which of the following statements is true of the European Union's Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive? Select one: a. The directive enables purchasers to evaluate, compare, and select electronic products based on a total of 51 environmental criteria. b. The directive ranks products according to three tiers of environmental performance: bronze, silver, and gold. c. The directive implements a plan to manage products at the beginning of their life cycle in an environmentally safe manner. d. The directive implements a plan to manage products at the beginning of their life cycle in an environmentally safe manner.

The directive implements a plan to manage products at the beginning of their life cycle in an environmentally safe manner.

____ is an advanced optical disc technology that can store up to 3.9 terabytes, roughly 75-150 times more data than the Blu-ray optical disc system although it is the same size and shape as a regular digital video disc (DVD). Select one: a. The holographic versatile disc b. The motherboard c. A compact disc read-only memory d. A magnetic disc

The holographic versatile disc

____ is the backbone of a computer, connecting all of its components including the central processing unit (CPU) and primary storage and providing connectors for peripheral devices such as printers, external hard drives, sound cards, and video cards. Select one: a. The motherboard b. A register c. A bus d. The microprocessor

The motherboard

____ is a storage technology for less frequently needed data that makes it appear to be stored entirely on tape cartridges, although some parts may be stored on faster hard disks. Select one: a. Magnetic disk b. Compact disc c. Virtual tape d. Cache memory

Virtual tape

____ are used to support engineering and technical users who perform heavy mathematical computing, computer-assisted design (CAD), video editing, and other applications requiring a high-end processor. Select one: a. Desktops b. Netbooks c. Workstations d. Notebooks

Workstations

A _____ is a climate-and-access-controlled building or a set of buildings that houses the computer hardware that delivers an organization's data and information services. Select one: a. data mart b. data warehouse c. data center d. data mine

data center

The process of converting human-readable data into machine-readable form is called _____. Select one: a. source data automation b. data input c. data entry d. data conversion

data entry

A(n) _____ bus enables the central processing unit (CPU) to communicate with a system's primary storage. Select one: a. back-side b. expansion c. internal d. input/output

internal

Compared with main memory, secondary storage: Select one: a. is faster. b. is less expensive. c. is more volatile. d. has less capacity.

is less expensive.

A type of memory whose contents are not lost if the power is turned off or interrupted is said to be _____. Select one: a. unarbitrary b. nonvolatile c. inaccessible d. nonadjacent

nonvolatile

A _____ is a computer employed by many users to perform a specific task, such as running network or Internet applications. Select one: a. cache b. register c. server d. bus

server

The central processing unit (CPU) and the primary storage of a computer are housed in the same box call the _____. Select one: a. processing b. motherboard c. chip set d. system unit

system unit

The faster the clock speed of the central processing unit (CPU), _____. Select one: a. the more memory is required for processing b. the more heat the processor generates c. the larger the chip size required d. the slower the machine cycle time

the more heat the processor generates

A _____ is a low-cost, centrally managed computer with no internal or external attached drives for data storage with limited capabilities. Select one: a. nettop computer b. cloud computer c. thin client d. workstation

thin client

Which of the following is related to Moore's Law? Select one: a. ​Data security b. ​​Chip manufacturing c. Secondary storage d. ​Database administration

​​Chip manufacturing