INFSYS 4847 Module 2

Symbolic

Grey's Infotech sells customized hardware and software solutions for businesses. The salespeople for Grey's have a strict dress code when meeting clients. They are required to wear dark business suits, in order to convey the company's dedication to quality. The meaning conveyed to the clients' through the salespeople's clothing is part of the _____ frame of the organization.

Which systems development life cycle model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined? Prototyping life cycle RAD life cycle Spiral life cycle Waterfall life cycle

Waterfall life cycle

Unit Integration

Which characteristic of organizational culture refers to the degree to which departments within an organization are encouraged to coordinate with each other?

Member Identity

Which characteristic of organizational culture refers to the degree to which employees identify with the organization as a whole, rather than with their types of job or profession?

Open systems focus

Which characteristic of organizational culture refers to the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment?

Structural Frame

Which perspective of an organization focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management?

Political Frame

Which perspective on organizations assumes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups?

Systems Analysis

Which problem-solving approach requires defining the scope of a system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs?

Organizational Culture

_____ refers to a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization.

Which of the following is true of a matrix organizational structure? a ) In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority. b) A matrix organizational structure is hierarchical, but instead of functional managers reporting to the CEO, program managers report to the CEO. c) Project managers in matrix organizations have staff from only a single functional area working on their projects. d) In a matrix organizational structure, employees are organized into departments according to their skills, and there is little interaction between employees from different departments.

A

Which of the following best describes a kill point in the project life cycle? The final submission of the project deliverables after which the project is terminated The period of time given to managers during the feasibility phases to decide on the cost, quality, and time constraints for the project A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated The point of time in the project lifecycle after which it is impossible to terminate a running project

A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated

In which development life cycle do stakeholders define and approve the detailed scope before the start on an iteration? Incremental Adaptive Iterative Hybrid

Adaptive

Select an example of external stakeholders for an organization. Top managers Employees Functional managers Competitors

Competitors

Which term refers to a product or service, such as a technical report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced or provided as part of a project? Resource Deliverable Input System

Deliverable

Matrix

In a _____ organizational structure, personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers.

Project

In a _____organizational structure, program managers, rather than functional managers or vice presidents, report to the CEO. Their staffs have a variety of skills needed to complete all required tasks within their programs.

Which observation is true of the agile approach to software development? a) Agile is a predictive model of software development. b) An agile approach sets scope goals, but leaves time and cost goals flexible. c) In the agile method, requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration. d) In the agile approach, requirements must be clearly expressed early in the life cycle.

In the agile method, requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration.

Functional

In what type of organizational structure do project managers have the least amount of authority?

In which product life cycle the scope, schedule, and cost are determined early, and changes to scope are carefully managed? Incremental Predictive Adaptive Iterative

Predictive

Systems Thinking

Projects must operate in a broad organizational environment, and project managers need to consider projects within the greater organizational context. Which approach describes the holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization?

Which is a disadvantage for virtual teams compared to traditional teams? Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information Reduced dependence on technology and processes for accomplishing work Limited flexibility in team working hours Increased costs for office space and support

Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information

Human Resources

The _____ frame of an organization focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people.

In organizational culture, what does means-end orientation refer to? a) The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking b) The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee and control employee behavior c) The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results d) The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment

The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results

In organizational culture, what does control refer to? a) The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee employee behavior b) The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment c) The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results d) The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking

The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee employee behavior

An organization usually commits more money as a project continues, therefore a management review should occur after each phase to evaluate progress, potential success, and continued compatibility with organizational goals.

True