inquisitive history

In Latin American countries, the goals of local populations and local reformers often came into conflict with U.S. policy and the interests of local elites. Match each local reform goal, on the left, with the challenge it faced, on the right

-the United States planned to kill Fidel Castro for his adherence to communist ideology; he retaliated with overt Soviet alignment, precipitating the Cuban missile crisis -revolutionaries overthrew repressive local dictatorships and tried to minimize US economic influence-When people the favorite socialism got elected, the United States helped local elites overthrow them, as happened with Allende in Chile -Reformers wanted free elections and more responsive governments-multinational corporation's, such as United fruit company, used their political clout to protect their cash crop operations from local competition-Reformers wanted to foster the growth of local businesses

Although peoples in Latin America, Africa, and Asia had very differing histories and experiences, leaders in those areas frequently shared common goals in the decades immediately after World War II. What were these shared goals?

-they wanted to develop local economies in ways that would improve the lives of their people-they wanted to develop political and economic systems that promoted justice and preserved local cultural values-they wanted to escape the direct control of colonial powers and the strong influence of multinational corporations

One of the most striking features of the Cold War was the fear of global nuclear destruction it fueled. Place the following events related to the dawn of the nuclear age in order.

1) The United States detonated atomic bombs in Japan, destroying both Hiroshima and Nagasaki.2) The Soviet Union tested its first nuclear bomb.3) The United States and the USSR engaged in indirect conflict with each other in Korea.4) The United States and the Soviet Union came close to nuclear confrontation when the USSR moved to install nuclear missiles in Cuba.

How did the conflict over Israel and Palestine develop? Place the following events, covering the period from 1900 to 1956, in chronological order.

1) in the spirit of European nationalist ideals, zionist European jews sought a Jewish state 2) during WWI, British diplomats issued conflicting territorial assurances to European jews in Palestinian arabs 3)long standing tensions over jewish immigration to Palestine peaked as European jews desperately sought escape from the holocaust 4) the United Nations voted to partition the region of Palestine into a jewish and an Arab state; the arab-isreali war resulted 5) Arab defeat, plus anger over continued European influence in Arab countries, colesced and the triumph of Nasser in Egypt and Egyptian control of the Suez Canal

What can you infer about the conduct during and effects of the war, based on the destruction depicted in these images?

Both the Allies and the Axis extensively bombed civilian populations during the war. Rebuilding after the war required massive amounts of both resources and labor

Although the United States and Western Europe shared some ideas and experiences after World War II, they also differed in important ways. Match the characteristics on the left with the places they were most prevalent on the right.

Both: -industrial production rose and households had access to more consumer goods that ever before Western Europe: -education and health care were available to almost all citizens United States: -anticommunist hysteria led to public campaigns to root out and expose communists -racial minorities used lawsuits and civil disobedience to contest long-standing inequalities

African and Asian countries became part of the Third World as they gained independence from their former colonizers. Why did this wave of decolonization happen in the twenty years following World War II?

Correct: -the events of WWII led to violent upheaval in some places, ending colonization and revolutionizing the society at the same time. -some religions that came under access control during the war resisted recolonization by their former allied colonial powers. -because they had just fought a war, European colonial powers lacked the money and the will to resist most independence movements

What methods did the USSR use to extend and maintain its influence during the Cold War?

Correct:-The USSR limited free speech and protest in Soviet bloc countries -Stalin separated the Soviet economics fair from the US fair by refusing Marshall plan funds and pressuring other Warsaw Pact countries to do the same -The USSR provided weapons another aid to communist leaders and rebels around the world

What messages does this image convey about the war effort?

Even though it is a diverse, global entity, people of European descent have a special place in the British Empire. Even though it includes diverse peoples, the British Empire is strongly united.

How does Mao's guidance in 1940 relate to all the events of the Cultural Revolution more than twenty-five years later?

In 1940 Mao sought to win supporters from many walks of life, but by 1966 he was concerned more with retaining his immense power and destroying those with ideas that conflicted with his own. Mao believed that by 1966 old and foreign ideas had been exhausted and that the Cultural Revolution was needed to root out the "raw" ideas and "waste matter" that people persisted in believing.

Which regions of the world became theaters for actual fighting during World War II?

Indonesia and Southeast Asia North Africa

Which passage from another author of a Primary Source in this chapter most closely echoes Fanon's point of view?

Mao

How did economic aid, given through the Marshall Plan, help foster the development of the three-world order after World War II? Correct Answer(s)

Marshall Plan aid helped revitalize European economies, muting class tensions before they could develop into communist revolution. Marshall Plan aid fostered an interconnected community of countries with shared political and economic ideologies

Review the map and then identify the accurate statements about decolonization in Africa

Most colonies held by France gained their independence in 1960. Most decolonization in Africa occurred before 1970

How were women involved in the social and political change in the First World during this period?

Rosa Parks, birth control, ...

How did individual people in the USSR and the Soviet bloc address their desires for social and political change after Stalin's death?

Students and workers publicly advocated for freedom of expression and political discussion. Frustrated individuals renewed their faith and participation in the Orthodox church, an institution that predated communism. Dissidents wrote books challenging Soviet practices and underground reading groups coalesced to read and discuss reformist ideas.

After World War II, populations across the world had the opportunity to adopt new ideologies as they built, or rebuilt, their societies. What were the appealing features of the Soviet model?

The Soviet model called for education, universal health care, maternity leave, and cheap mass transit. The Soviet model provided inexpensive consumer goods and housing.

After Stalin's death, how did the Soviet Union respond to the activities of Soviet-aligned leaders and other individuals who sought political reforms and freedom of expression?

The Soviet union balanced its military responses to protests with allowing limited freedoms in the Soviet republics and some Warsaw Pact countries

How did Japan become part of the First World?

The United States maintained very close ties with Japan, through occupation, significant economic investment, and military protection after 1945.

What did Nehru argue in this excerpt? Click here to review the full primary source document.

The new government should actively coordinate the growth of important sectors of the Indian economy. The most pressing issues for the new government of India are poverty and low standards of living.

After World War II, the countries of the world gradually split into three main camps, referred to by some as the First World, the Second World, and the Third World.What were the First, Second, and Third Worlds?

These "worlds" were conceptual categories that helped describe the relationships of different countries to the two superpowers: the US and the USSR.

Even though OPEC was able to cause a hike in oil prices in 1973, trade alliances were unable to alter the overall economic imbalance between powerful First World financial institutions and struggling economies in Latin America, Africa, and Asia.

True

Even though the Cold War did not involve direct engagement between U.S. and Soviet forces, it did involve violent conflict.

True

Which region experienced the Cold War conflict?

Vietnam

Which of these countries experienced a civil war between Soviet-backed forces and U.S.-backed forces?

Vietnam Korea China

How did U.S.-aligned powers use economic institutions to influence countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America?

World Bank the International Monetary Fund Guatemala

Although reform movements were active in both Soviet and U.S. society, none of them shared similar goals.

false

In Primary Source 20.1, "New Democracy" (1940), Mao Zedong calls for a two-part revolution in China. What are the two stages of this revolution? Click here to review the full document.

first china will become a new democratic society. Then they will transition into a socialist party

What conclusion can you draw about the role of France's African colonies in World War II?

french leaders prevailed upon their african subjects...

In Primary Source 20.1, "New Democracy" (1940), Mao Zedong describes the new-democratic society he envisions for China. According to Mao, which elements would be included in a new-democratic society? Click here to review the full document.

state control of banks, railways, and airlines universal suffrage, regardless of sex, creed, property, or education

What conclusions can you draw about the relationship between military conquests and the postwar landscape?

the location of allied troops at the end of the war had an important effect on political outcomes after the war -most countries that were free during the war from German conquests by Soviet troops joined the Warsaw Pact after the war

Despite their commitment to capitalism and democracy, First World governments periodically supported oppressive dictators.

true

The Soviets believed they had earned control over Eastern Europe through their sacrifices during war. In defense of this position, the USSR could accurately have said that they defeated twenty times as many German divisions on the Eastern Front as the Allies faced at Normandy.

true