Integumentary System

Why are lines of cleavage/tension clinically significant? a) A cut parallel to a cleavage line will remain closed. b) Wounds heal more slowly if they run parallel to lines of cleavage. c) They promote fibrosis. d) A cut at right angles to a line of cleavage will remain closed.

a) A cut parallel to a cleavage line will remain closed.

The reticular layer of the dermis is composed of what kind of tissue? a) Dense irregular connective tissue b) Dense regular connective tissue c) Areolar tissue d) Stratified squamous tissue

a) Dense irregular connective tissue

Which type of cell is the most abundant epithelial cell in the body and dominates the cellular composition of the epidermis? a) Keratinocyte b) Merkel cell c) Dendritic cell d) Melanocyte

a) Keratinocyte

The color of the nail bed underneath the body of the nail is due to__________. a) blood vessels b) carotene c) melanin d) keratin

a) blood vessels

The term for the redness that develops with a first-degree burn is __________. a) erythema b) inflammation c) blister d) sepsis

a) erythema

What are the primary tissues comprising the hypodermis? a) Hyaline and cuboidal b) Areolar and adipose c) Transitional and glandular d) Epithelial and neural

b) Areolar and adipose *Also called the subcutaneous layer. Connects the integment to underlying tissue.

Which of the following is a dark brown, yellow-brown, or black pigment produced by pigment cells in the stratum basale? a) Lentigo b) Melanin c) Carotene d) Keratin

b) Melanin

Which of the following is not an effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the epidermis? a) Stimulating repair of the epidermis after injury b) Stimulating the synthesis of melanin c) Accelerating keratin production d) Stimulating division of cells in stratum basale

b) Stimulating the synthesis of melanin

In which layers of the epidermis do mitotic divisions occur? a) Stratum corneum and stratum basale b) Stratum basale and stratum spinosum c) Mitosis occurs in all layers. d) Stratum spinosum and stratum corneum

b) Stratum basale and stratum spinosum

Which epidermal layer is found only in thick skin? a) Stratum basale b) Stratum lucidum c) Stratum corneum d) Stratum granulosum

b) Stratum lucidum Corneum - dead cells Lucidum- thick skin (only on palms/soles) Granulosum- cells starting to die Spinosum Basale- deepest layer, contains stem cells

The secretion that lubricates the skin and inhibits growth of bacteria is called __________. a) sweat b) sebum c) serum d) lymph

b) sebum *secreted by the sebaceous glands (by hair follicles)

Where is epidermal growth factor produced? a) The dermis b) The pituitary gland c) Glands of the duodenum d) Stratum basale

c) Glands of the duodenum

Which epidermal stratum is the most superficial and is composed of 15-30 layers of dead, keratinized cells that eventually are shed from its surface? a) Stratum granulosum b) Stratum basale c) Stratum corneum d) Stratum spinosum

c) Stratum corneum

Special smooth muscles in the that produce 'goose bumps' when they contract are called __________. a) root sheaths b) cuticular papillae c) arrector pili d) tissue papillae

c) arrector pili

Ceruminous glands are modified sweat glands located in the __________. a) reticular layer of the dermis b) stratum spinosum of the epidermis c) external auditory canal d) nasal passageways

c) external auditory canal

The stage of repair of deep skin injury in which epidermal cells migrate under the scab is called the __________. a) migratory phase b) inflammatory phase c) scarring phase d) proliferation phase

d) proliferation phase 1. Inflammatory 2. Migratory 3. Proliferation 4. Scarring

What is the correct order of strata from the basement membrane to the free surface of the epidermis?

stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum **Come, Let's Get Some Beer**