Integumentary System A + P

unguis

commonly known as a fingernail or toenail

the dermis is a layer of __________ tissue.

connective

a callus on the foot is called a9n0 ________.

corn

the dermis is also known as the _______.

cornium

hair's principal portion

cortex

the eponychium is the _______.

cuticle

a bluish tinge to the skin is called ________.

cyanosis

the second layer of the skin is the _________.

dermis

true skin is the _______.

dermis

epidermal cellular links

desmosomes

xer/o

dry

puncture wound

a deep hole made by a sharp object

macule

a discolored flat spot that is less than 1 cm in diameter

bulla

a large blister

koilonychia

a malformation of the nails in which the outer surface is concave or scooped out like the bowl of a spoon.

comedo

a noninfected lesion formed by the buildup of sebum and keratin in a hair follicle.

lesion

a pathologic change of tissues due to disease or injury.

chloasma

a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots on the face.

vesicle

a small blister

wheal

a small bump that itches.

papule

a small, raised red lesion that is less than 0.5 dm in diameter

nodule

a solid raised skin lesion that is larger that 0.5 cm in diameter.

trichomycosis axillaris

a superficial bacterial infection of the hair shafts in areas with extensive sweat glands.

laceration

a torn or jagged wound.

clubbing

abnormal curving of the nails that is often accompanied by enlargement of the fingertips.

paronychia

acute or chronic infection of the skin fold around the nail.

besides fatty oils, blackheads are produced in the presence of ________.

air

an absence of melanin produces a condition called _________.

albinism

a specialist concerned with inflammatory responses of the skin and reactions of the immune system is a(n) _________.

allergist

pustule

also known as a pimple.

pressure sore

also known as decubitus ulcer, or bedsore, an open ulcerated wound that is caused by prolonged pressure on an area of skin.

onychocryptosis

also known as ingrown toenail

cerrucae

also known as warts, small hard skin lesions caused by the human papillomavirus.

skin modifications

appendages

goose bumps are caused by the ____ ______ muscle.

arrector pilli

sweating causes odor because of ________ activity.

bacterial

melan/o

black, dark

ecchymosis

bruise

a vaccine is bailable for children 12 months or older to prevent ____________, caused by the virus varicella-zoster.

chicken pox

acne vulgaris

chronic inflammatory disease characterized by pustular eruptions of the skin caused by overproduction of sebum around the hair shaft.

herpes simples causes _____ ______.

cold sores

temperature regulation is critical due to excessive hear affecting _______.

enzymes

affected by first-degree burn

epidermis

The epidermis is a layer of ________ tissue.

epithelial

lip/o

fat, lipid

onych/o

fingernail or toenail

there are _____ layers of the epidermis.

five

onychomycosis

fungal infection of the nail

myc/o

fungus

besides mammary glands, ________ is a main characteristic of mammals.

hair

pil/i, pil/o

hair

hair growth begins in the _____ ______.

hair bulb

hirsut/o

hairy, rough

released in response to an injury, it is an anticoagulant

heparin

is released in response to allergens

histamine

kerat/o

horny, hard

subcutaneous layer

hypodermis

onychia

inflammation of the matrix of the nail that is often results in the loss of the nail.

hair texture

keratin

the protein material of hair and nails is __________.

keratin

inhibition of water loss by the skin is due to its _________ content.

lipid

racial variation in skin color is determined by __________.

melanin

varies skin pigmentation

melanin

those cells responsible for skin color are _______.

melanocytes

skin cancer

melanoma

a nail will grow from the _______ _____.

nail bed

onychophagia

nail biting or eating

visible nail

nail body

sweat glands are activated by _________.

nerves

the skin is the thickest on the _______ of the hands and the _____ of the feet.

palms, soles

the stratum spinosum contain cells that are ________ in structure.

polyhedron

sensations recorded by the skin are _________ and ________.

pressure, temperature

hidrosis

production and excretion of sweat

a common chronic skin disorder is __________.

psoriasis

py/o

pus

urtic/o

rash, hives

oily gland

sebaceous

seb/o

sebum

_______ is the oily substance responsible for lubrication of the skin and is a produce of the _______ _________.

sebum, sebaceous glands

hair's visible portion

shaft

a varicella (chicken pox) virus is responsible for __________.

shingles

cutane/o

skin

derm/o, dermat/o

skin

impetigo is caused by the bacterium __________.

staphylococcus aureus

the epidermis is composed of ________, ___________, and_________ cells.

stratified, squamous, keratinized

dead cells converted to protein make up the ______.

stratum corneum

cells of the epidermis that are capable of dividing are found in the ____ _______.

stratum germinativum

cells lose their nuclei and become compact and brittle in the ____ ___.

stratum granulosum

clear layer

stratum lucidum

One of the ways the skin helps regulate body temperature is through the evaporation of _________.

sweat

hidr/o

sweat

salty liquid secretion

sweat

the hands and feet are the site of many ________ ________.

sweat glands

purpura

the appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin.

skin function

thermoregulation

petechiae

very small pinpoint hemorrhages that are less then 2 mm in diameter.

a patchy skin disease is___________.

vetiligo

human Papillomavirus

warts

rhytid/o

wrinkle

cells of the stratum corneum contain as many as ______ layers

25